ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of artificial femoral head replacement in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures.MethodsThe clinical data of 52 unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures patients with artificial femoral head replacement were retrospectivly analyzed.Postoperative complications and postoperative weight-bearing time were recorded.The function of joints was evaluated with Harris score.ResultsAll patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months ,an average of 13.2 months.1 case was a lung infection after surgery,and 3 cases were deep vein thrombosis.Weight-bearing walking time averaged 28 days.According to Harris score:25 cases were rated as excellent, 18 good,7 fair,2 poor.A total of 82.7％ of patients had their joint function returned to normal or near normal.ConclusionIt was an effective mothod to treat the unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients with hemiarthroplasty.

Objective To investigate risk factors for neonatal clavicular fracture,to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed towards 3 025 live births,47 cases had neonatal clavicular fracture.The birth weight,mode of delivery,maternal age,parity,gestational age,clavicle second stage of labor,the fundus height plus abdominal circumference,cord around neck,and other fracture potential risk factors were analyzed through univariate and multivariate analysis,and the risk factors were summarized.Results 3 025 cases of live births,of which 47 cases had neonatal clavicular fracture,clavicle fracture rate was 1.55%;univariate results sug-gested that the mode of delivery,birth weight,the second stage of labor,maternal age,gestational age,nuchal cord,ma-ternal weight's clinical data index had statistically significant differences between the fracture group and non -fracture group (χ2 =37.514,34.997,28.647,19.847,18.847,16.694,all P <0.05 );multivariate analysis showed that mode of delivery,birth weight,the second stage of labor,gestational age,nuchal cord,maternal body mass index were a newborn children collarbone fracture independent risk factors.Conclusion Mode of delivery,birth weight,the second stage of labor,gestational age,nuchal cord,maternal body mass index are independent risk factors for neonatal clavicu-lar fracture,obstetric should continue to improve midwifery skills,to develop prevention strategies to reduce the inci-dence of neonatal clavicular fracture.

Objective To study the psychological changes and the effect of psychological intervention and to discuss the influence of psychological rehabilitation on carcinoma patients after comprehensive interventional therapy.Methods 100 carcinoma patients were divided into two groups randomly:the psychological intervention group(50 casea) received both psychological intervention therapy and comprehensive intervention therapy;the control group (50 cases) received only comprehensive interventional therapy;Curative effects were assessed with the Symptom Checklist90(SCL-90) ,the Self Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and the Self Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) for each patient. Results For the psychological intervention group, SCL-90 scores after therapy was significantly lower than that before therapy ( P < 0. 05 ), and were also significantly lower than that ( without anxiety agent) of the control group. The scores of SDS and SAS in post-therapy patients were significantly lower than that of pre-therapy patients in the psychological intervention group. The scores of SDS had no statistical difference between post-therapy patients and pre-therapy patients in the control group. The scores of SAS in post-therapy patients was significantly lower than that of pre-therapy patients in the control group. Both scores of SDS and SAS in the control group were significantly higher than that of the psychological intervention group after therapy. Conclusion Psychological intervention for carcinoma patients after comprehensive interventional therapy played an promotional role in psychological rehabilitation in the community.

Objective To study the epidemic situation and associated risk factors of hypertension among the empty-nest elderly in Shangha of community. Methods Using pure random sampling method, a face-to-face questionnaire survey and the blood pressure measuring of the empty-nest elderly aged 60-year-old or above in the two communities of Shanggang were performed by trained investigators. Results There are 634 empty-nest elderlies in the two communities. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 51.7% in the subjects. The associated risk factors of hypertension among the empty-nest elderly include smoking, drinking, excess salt diet, lacking of sports and family history of hypertension. There was significant difference between the groups of hypertension and non-hypertension in the distribution of keeping healthy behaviors. The rate of awareness, management and control were 62. 8% ,49. 2%, and 28.7% respectively in the hypertension subjects. Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among the empty-nest elderly is high, Public health education programs, multiple prevention and intervention measures of hypertension should be strengthened among the empty-nest elderly.

Objective To explore the life style of the elderly in empty-nest family and need of community health service in shanggang community.Methods Using random sampling method, a group of 634 the aged more than 60 from empty-nest family in the community were investigated with questionnaires.Results In daily activities,40.9% of the elderly empty-nest took part in physical exercise,36.3% had hobbies.Really empty-nest group had rarely physical exercise and prepared staying alone.In community health service,about 82.65% ,72.82% ,55.21% of the aged empty-nest needed regular physical examination,health guidance and psychological counseling respectively.Conclusion Life style of the elderly in empty-nest family was reasonable,and empty-nest group,especially really empty-nest group had advanced demand about the community health service.Medical staff should often carry out physical exercise and psychological counseling,and also popularize common medical knowledge.Besides,regular physical examination and paying close attention to the healthy information of the elderly in empty-nest family was needed.

Objective To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on liver oxidative stress, TNF-αand TGF-β1 in rats with diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Thirty male rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups and fed for 16 weeks with normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (GLP-1, administered in the later 4 weeks). The rats were then sacrificed to obtain blood samples and liver tissues for analyzing the levels of blood aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), and total-cholesterol (TC) using an automatic biochemical analyzer and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondial-dehyde (MAD), free fatty acid (FFAs), TNF-αin the liver homogenates and TGF-β1 in serum by radioimmunoassay or ELISA. Results Compared with ND group, HFD group showed significantly increased body weight, liver index, serum levels of ALT, TG, TC, and TGF-β1, and TG, TC, MAD, FFAs, and TNF-a in the liver homogenates, with also significantly increased degree of hepatic steatosis and inflammation activity (P<0.05) and lowered level of SOD. All these changes were markedly ameliorated in GLP-1 group (P<0.05). Conclusion Liraglutide can reduce high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, improve oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and decrease TGF-β1 and TNF-a levels in serum and liver homogenates, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.

Objective To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on liver oxidative stress, TNF-αand TGF-β1 in rats with diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Thirty male rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups and fed for 16 weeks with normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (GLP-1, administered in the later 4 weeks). The rats were then sacrificed to obtain blood samples and liver tissues for analyzing the levels of blood aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), and total-cholesterol (TC) using an automatic biochemical analyzer and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondial-dehyde (MAD), free fatty acid (FFAs), TNF-αin the liver homogenates and TGF-β1 in serum by radioimmunoassay or ELISA. Results Compared with ND group, HFD group showed significantly increased body weight, liver index, serum levels of ALT, TG, TC, and TGF-β1, and TG, TC, MAD, FFAs, and TNF-a in the liver homogenates, with also significantly increased degree of hepatic steatosis and inflammation activity (P<0.05) and lowered level of SOD. All these changes were markedly ameliorated in GLP-1 group (P<0.05). Conclusion Liraglutide can reduce high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, improve oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and decrease TGF-β1 and TNF-a levels in serum and liver homogenates, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment for adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by lung infections,so as to explore the clinical efficacy and application value of ECMO.Methods The patients with 7 ARDS who were responded poorly to mechanical ventilation in Zhongshan Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2003 to January 2015 were collected.All patients were divided into a study group (7 cases) treated by ECMO and a control group (7 cases) treated by traditional methods.The percutaneous incision on femoral vein-internal jugular vein (V-V) was selected to carry out ECMO intubation,and the V-V ECMO model was used for auxiliary bypass of flow.The comparisons between the two groups for the results of hemodynamics,blood-gas analysis and oxygen metabolism were performed to evaluate synthetically the adjuvant effects of ECMO.Results Seven ARDS patients caused by lung infections were treated by ECMO,including 4 cases with bacterial pneumonia,2 cases with H7N9 and 1 case with H1N1.Thc duration of ECMO was (21.00 ± 10.06) days;2 cases were weaned from ECMO successfully,and 1 case recovered and discharged.Seven cases with ARDS caused by severe lung bacterial infections in control group were all not recovered on discharge.After treatment,the heart rate (HR),pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PCWP),venous partial pressure of oxygen (PvO2),arterial blood lactic acid (Lac) in study group were significantly lower than those in the control group [HR (bpm)was 100± 12 vs.120± 19,PCWP (mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) was 8.8 ± 2.6 vs.11.6± 3.8,PvCO2 (mmHg) was 40.8 ± 13.1 vs.48.9 ± 16.2,Lac (mmol/L) was 2.1 ± 0.8 vs.5.2 ± 0.6,all P ＜ 0.05],the mean arterial pressure (MAP),cardiac output index (CI),arterial and venous blood pH values,arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),arterial partial pressure carbon dioxide (PaCO2),arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2),oxygen delivery (DO2),oxygen consumption (VO2),oxygen extraction (ERO2) were obviously higher in study group than those control group [MAP (mmHg) was 83.6 ± 8.2 vs.72.2 ± 94,CI (mL· s-1 · m-2) was 93.35 ± 3.33 vs.81.68 ± 8.33,pH of arterial blood was 7.4 ± 0.1 vs.7.1 ± 0.3,PaO2 (mmHg):98.5 ± 20.4 vs.49.3 ± 12.6,PaCO2 (mmHg):38.9 ± 16.2 vs.26.1 ± 17.4,SaO2:0.95 ± 0.02 vs.0.58 ± 0.04,pit of venous blood was 7.1 ± 0.2 vs.6.4 ± 0.3,PvCO2 (mmHg) was 40.8 ± 13.1 vs.48.9 ± 16.2,SvO2 was 0.75 ± 0.07 vs.0.49 ± 0.08,DO2 (mL· min-1 · m-2) was 651 ± 36 vs.400 ± 81,VO2 (mL· min-1 · m-2) was 245.0 ± 11.2 vs.103.0 ± 14.8,ERO2 was (35.6± 3.9)％ vs.(21.3± 5.2)％,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions ECMO can improve hypoxemia.So it can improve the metabolism and maintain hemodynamic stability,in the mean time the patients may gain more time for diagnosis and treatment of their primary lung diseases.The key points of a successful ECMO are suitable selection of patients and forceful prevention of complications.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on liver oxidative stress, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in rats with diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

METHODSThirty male rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups and fed for 16 weeks with normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (GLP-1, administered in the later 4 weeks). The rats were then sacrificed to obtain blood samples and liver tissues for analyzing the levels of blood aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), and total-cholesterol (TC) using an automatic biochemical analyzer and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondial-dehyde (MAD), free fatty acid (FFAs), TNF-α in the liver homogenates and TGF-β1 in serum by radioimmunoassay or ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with ND group, HFD group showed significantly increased body weight, liver index, serum levels of ALT, TG, TC, and TGF-β1, and TG, TC, MAD, FFAs, and TNF-α in the liver homogenates, with also significantly increased degree of hepatic steatosis and inflammation activity (P<0.05) and lowered level of SOD. All these changes were markedly ameliorated in GLP-1 group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLiraglutide can reduce high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, improve oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and decrease TGF-β1 and TNF-α levels in serum and liver homogenates, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; blood ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; metabolism ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Liraglutide ; pharmacology ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; blood ; Triglycerides ; blood ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To review our single institutional 10-year experience in complex chest wall reconstruction and identify a working algorithm based on our retrospective analysis.Methods A retrospective analysis of 87 patients who underwent chest wallreconstruction in our department from January 2005 to December 2015.Fifty female patients and 37 male patients who underwent the above procedure were reviewed retrospectively.The median age of the patients is 52.3 years (24-75years).Histologic diagnosis including squamous-cell carcinoma (n =10),soft tissue sarcoma(n =22),chondrosarcomas(n =13) and metastasis from breast cancer(n =42).Type of skeletal defect including partial ribs/sternum defects in 19 cases,soft tissue defects alone in 33 cases,complicated composite chest wall defects involving multiple layers(soft tissue,ribs/sternum,and intrathoracic organs) in 35 cases.Sole methylmethacrylate/polypropylene mesh was used for small sized rib defects in 26cases.Methylmethacrylate/polypropylene mesh sandwich prostheses was used in 28 cases with extensive skeletal reconstruction after partial sternectomy and rib resection.The chest wall defects were repaired with pedicled internal mammary artery perforator flap(3 cases),pedicled deep superior epigastric artery perforator flap(4 cases),pedicled pectoralis major flap(8 cases),free anterolateral thigh perforator flap(9 cases),free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap(17 cases),pedicled lateral thoracic flap(5 cases),pedicled latissimus dorsi flap(17 cases),pedicled rectus abdominis flap(15 cases),free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap combined with pedicled rectus abdominis flap (4 cases),pedicled bipaddled latissimus dorsi flap(5 cases).11 cases with extensive full-thickness defects of the chest wall,the skeletal reconstruction was achieved with prosthetic sandwich and then covered with the omental flap,further free flaps were harvested for skin and soft tissue repairing.Results 1 case with pedicled rectus abdominis flap partial necrosis was noted,free anterolateral thigh flap was used for repairmen after further revision.1 case with edicled bipaddled latissimus dorsi flap,necrosis of the distal 1/4 part of one paddle was noted,healed with dressing therapy,no secondary skin grafting was required.Postoperative venous congestion occurred in 2 cases with deep inferior epigastric artery flap transplantation,in which both skin flaps exhibited venous crisis within 24 h after surgery.The reexploration procedures were successful in both cases and the flaps survived totally.All other flaps survived.The mean follow-up was 31 months,ranged from 9 to 72 months.No tumour extirpation was noted,functional and appearance results were satisfied.Conclusion According to the size and location of chest wall defect,different pedicled and free flaps should be chosen to achieve optimal outcome.Free flaps are efficient for large complex chest defects reconstruction.