Objective To introduce the methods and cosmetic effect of reduction mammaplasty in patients with benign diseases of breast. Methods From December 1990 to November 2001, reduction mammaplasty was performed in 15 patients with breast hypertrophy, ptosis and benign diseases, including hamartoma (1 case), adenofibroma (1 case), lobular hyperplasia with adenofibroma (2 cases), mild papillomatosis (2 cases), ductal ectasia with secretion depot (2 cases), and lobular and ductal epithelial hyperplasia (7 cases). Nine patients received reduction mammaplasty using an inferior pyramidal pedicle technique, and six patients received Mckissock vertical bipedicle technique. Results The successful rate was high (89.6 %), except that three mammary glands developed necrosis of whole areola in Mckissock procedure group. Complications caused by breast hypertrophy and benign diseases were improved apparently. Conclusion Reduction mammaplasty is the best option for the treatment of breast hypertrophy and ptosis with benign diseases.

ObjectiveThe relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis in the women patients with breast mucinous carcinoma was investigated. Methods 101 patients with breast mucinous carcinoma were divided into two groups:pure mucinous carcinoma ( n =74), and mixed type ( n =27). The relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis was analysed. Results Lymph node was less frequently involved in pure type group (24%) than that in the mixed type (52%) (? 2 =10 4, P

Objective To study the operational method and the clinical application of breast reconstruction with the bipedical transverse rectus abdominis. Methods 5 cases of breast reconstruction were performed with bipedical transverse rectus abdominis post mastectomy, and 3 cases of nipple-areola reconstruction. Immediate reconstruction was 3 cases, and delayed reconstruction was 2 cases. Results 4 cases of the breast reconstruction were survival, the morphologies were natural, and touch feeling was normal. Only one case skin flap was partial necrosis, nearly 3cm?2cm. Conclutions The breast reconstruction with bipedical transverse rectus abdominis is a good choice for breast cancer patients with caesarotomy scar.

Objective To investigate the characteristic,diagnosis,clinical staging, treatment and clinical prognosis of occult breast carcinoma (OBC). Method Forty-six cases of OBC were analyzed retrospectively with the clinical and follow-up information that were confirmed by postoperative pathologic diagnosis from November 1981 to November 2005. Results All patients showed axillary node enlargement as the first sign and were operated.The operation included axillary node excision in 2 patients,radical mastec-tomy or modified radical mastectomy in 44 patients. Forty-five cases got follow-up for 1-22 years,33 cases had existed 3 years,18 cases had existed 5 years,8 cases had existed 10 years. Conclusions For axillary mass which causes are uncertain ,the possibility of OBC should be considered .Meanwhile excision and pathological examination is necessary.The metastatic histological structure and immunohistochemical index of the axillary nodes usually provide important clue for the source of this tumor.Radical or modified mastectomy is the best method, and pest-operative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy should be done. It has been showed that targeted therapy is very important to breast cancer with C-erbB-2 positive recently.To the cases that neck lymphatic metastasis is M4G3 positive by immunohistochemical examination and no primary focus clinically, the diagnosis of OBC should be considered. The cases without primary focus have better prognosis than those with primary focus.

Objective To explore the curative effect of tirofiban treatment on high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in elderly patients receiving an early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment. Methods The 162 elderly cases including unstable angina pectoris and non-ST -segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing early PCI were enrolled in this study.And they were assigned to early treatment group (n=82) and deferred selective group (n=80)according to the time of using tirofiban (Gp Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a inhibitor) treatment. The effectiveness of either strategic option on tissue-level perfusion was evaluated using the TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) before and immediately after PCI. The corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) was also used to assess coronary artery flow and myocardial perfusion. Bleeding complications and the composite end point events at 30 days were also evaluated. Results Of all the 162 patients, the TMPG 0-1 perfusion was observed in 65 patients (40.1%). The TMPG 0-1 perfusion was significantly less frequent in early treatment group (32.9%) than in deferred selective group (47.5%) before PCI (x2=3.58, P＜0.05); while the results of TIMI grade 0-1 flow (26.8% vs. 25.0%) and cTFC levels (34.2±11.8 vs. 34. 9±12. 7) before PCI were similar between the two groups (x2 =0. 07, P=0.47; t= 0.13, P=0.71, respectively). No differences were seen both in composite end point events at 30 days and bleeding complications (x2 = 0.31, P＞0.05; x2=0.004, P＞0. 05). Conclusions High -risk ACS patients treated with an early invasive strategy, routine upstream use of tirofiban are associated with improved tissue-level perfusion before PCI and does not increase bleeding complications when bleeding risks are carefully evaluated before enrollment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the abilities speech perception of post-lingual cochlear implant patients by Mandarin Hearing In Noise Test(MHINT), get the performance-intensity function (P-I function). METHOD: The material was MHINT adults' version, including 12 lists, 20 sentences per list. Twenty-two cochlear implant patients were the subjects, age from 14 to 56. Three adaptive rules were used during the test. Firstly Rule 3 would be done. If subject could finish the test, then Rule 2 and Rule 1 would be used. Got the Reception threshold of sentences and speech recognition score of subjects, then got performance-intensity function (PI function). RESULT: Among those 22 subjects, 5 of them could be tested in all three rules, 3 could be tested in Rule 2 and Rule 3, 7 of them could be tested with Rule 3, and 7 of the CI users could not be tested even with Rule 3. All of the PI functions for CI users are shifted 10 dB or more above the normal PI functions. Most CI users thought that MHINT was hard for them. CONCLUSION When use new adaptive scoring rules for MHINT, most CI users could be tested with the modified HINT scoring rules, although three subjects could not be tested. Compared with normal hearing subjects, all CI users required positive S/N ratios to perform the HINT measures.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Female ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Noise ; Speech Discrimination Tests ; Speech Perception ; Young Adult

The potential medicinal value of Ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus), one of the most popular and economically important bamboo species in China, has been underestimated. In the present study, we found that D. latiflorus leaf extract (DLE) reduced fasting blood glucose levels, body weight, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with low liver toxicity in db/db mice. In addition, gene expression profiling was performed and pathway enrichment analysis showed that DLE affected metabolic pathways. Importantly, DLE activated the AKT signaling pathway and reduced glucose production by downregulating glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) expression. Moreover, network pharmacology analysis identified rutin as an active component in DLE through targeting insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), an upstream signaling transducer of AKT. Due to its hypoglycemic effects and low toxicity, DLE may be considered an adjuvant treatment option for type 2 diabetes patients.