Objective To explore the effect of early swallowing function training in the prevention of stroke-associated pneumonia(SAP). Methods 78 patients with stroke and swallow dysfunction were divided into training group (n=39) and control group (n=39). All patientswere given routine nursing care, while the training group received early swallowing function training additionally. Clinical data of thetwo groups were compared. Results The incidence of SAP in the training group (25.6%) was lower than the control group (46.2%) (χ2=3.57,P<0.05)。Conclusion Early swallowing function training is effective to prevent stroke-associated pneumonia.

目的了解中年男性晚期肿瘤患者家属的心理状态及影响因素。方法对50例中年男性晚期肿瘤患者的100名直系家属进行问卷调查。结果中年男性晚期肿瘤患者家属的焦虑自评量表（SAS）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分明显高于国内常模（P<0.01），且父母与配偶得分明显高于子女与兄弟姐妹（P<0.01），其影响因素主要有：患者的病痛、家庭人员照顾、家庭经济等。结论护士在照顾中年男性晚期肿瘤患者的同时，应充分关心其直系家属，尤其是其配偶与父母的心理。

Objective To discuss the treatment of dopamine extravasation-induced injury by lidocaine combining dexamethasone. Methods Animal models of dopamine extravasation-induced injury were made using 24 limbs of 6 white mice. These models were divided into 4 groups and given different treatments. Group A was treated with lidocaine combining dexamethasone, group B with lidocaine, group C with normal saline and group D was set as control. The treatment effect was observed. Results The disappearance time of edema in group A was the shortest among the 4 groups and was significantly shorter than that of group C,P＜0.05.Moreover, the pathological changes degree of local tissues in group A were also obviously lower than those of group B,C and D. Conclusion Measures must be taken timely to cope with dopamine extravasation-induced injury. Treatment with lidocaine combining dexamethasone proved to be a prompt, simple and safe method.

Objective:To construct a scientific and feasible index system for nurses′ ability to cope with new infectious diseases based on ability-based education theory, so as to provide reference for the training of nurses′ ability to cope with new infectious diseases.Methods:After consulting domestic and foreign literaturesuch as China National Knowledge Internet, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, etc. from the establishment of the database to October 2020, based on the theory of "ability-based education", taking the action framework of the theory of "life cycle of emergency" and "sudden infectious disease events proposed" by WHO as the structural framework, the index items were preliminarily constructed, and the Delphi expert consultation method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation for 15 experts, so as to finally establish the index system of nurses′ ability to cope with new infectious diseases.Results:The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100.00%, and the authority coefficient was 0.930. Kendall′s concordance coefficients of two rounds of consultation experts in the tertiary indicators were 0.363, 0.304 and 0.269, respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.01), and the coefficient of variation of each index was 0.000-0.167. The index system of nurses′ ability to cope with new infectious diseases included 3 primary indicators, 12 secondary indicators and 44 tertiary indicators. Conclusions:The index system of nurses′ ability to cope with new infectious diseases based on ability-based education theory is scientific, reliable and practical, which can provide reference for the training and assessment of new infectious diseases coping ability of nurses.