Objective To study the chemical constituents of Rhodiola kirilowii.Methods The compounds were separated and purified by various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods.Results Five compounds were purified and their structures were identified as 4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-butanenitrfle (1),epicatechin (2),arbutin (3),rutin (4),and β-D-glucose (5).Conclusion Compound 1 is a new cyano-compound and other compounds are isolated from the plant for the first time.

AIM:To study the high-level HBV replication transgenic mice for evaluation of drugs treating hepatitis B virus.METHODS:The HBV transgenic mice were treated respectively with lamivudine,large dose recombinant hepatitis B protein vaccine,?-1b interferon,siRNA to evaluate their pharmacodynamics and mechanism of action.RESULTS:HBV DNA titre was reduced significantly in transgenic mice which were treated with lamivudine(100 mg?kg-1?d-1),recombinant hepatitis B protein vaccine(HBsAg 6 ?g/mouse),?-1b interferon(50 ?g /mouse),respectively.Recombinant hepatitis B protein vaccine and ?-1b interferon promoted the level of IL-2 and IFN-? and increased the Elispot number of spleen cells secreting IFN-? in the treated transgenic mice.HBV transgenic mice were treated with RNAi expression vector pU6-siHBV against HBV through vena caudalis by hydrodynamics technique.Five days later,the level of serum HBsAg was reduced by 56.7% and the inhibition lasted at least 14 days.The HbcAg(+)cells were decreased obviously by immunohistochemistry detection in liver tissue,but the RNAi did not reduce the serum HBV DNA titre.CONCLUSION:These inbreeding high-level HBV replication transgenic mice are reliable and feasible for evaluating the anti-HBV drugs and have its economical and convenient superiority.

Objective To investigate the effects of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) on the proliferation and apoptosis of a mouse malignant melanoma cell line B16,and to explore their mechanism.Methods B16 cells were cultured in vitro,and divided into a negative control group receiving no treatment and several intervention groups treated with 2-ME at final concentrations of 5,10,20,40 mmol/L,respectively.After different durations of treatment,inverted phase-contrast microscopy was conducted to observe the morphologic change of B16 cells,sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay to evaluate proliferative activity and to draw growth curve of B16 cells according to the absorbance value at 490 nm,flow cytometry to detect cell cycle and apoptosis,and reverse transcription PCR and real-time PCR were performed to measure the expressions of the apoptosis-inducing gene gadd45b and proto-oncogene c-myc.Results As repeated measures analysis of variance showed,there were significant differences in the inhibitory effect on B16 cell proliferation among different concentrations (5,10,20,40 mmol/L) and different treatment durations (24,48,72 hours) of 2-ME (F =1170.94,1843.04,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),and there was a significant interaction effect between these concentrations and treatment durations (F =272.79,P ＜ 0.01).After 48-hour treatment with 2-ME at 10,20 and 40 mmol/L,the apoptosis rate of B16 cells was increased to (4.13 ± 1.12)％,(11.25 ± 2.380)％ and (19.46 ± 2.9)％ respectively,compared to (0.23 ± 0.5)％ in the negative control group (all P＜ 0.01); the proportion of B16 cells in G0/G1 phase was increased to (59.5 ± 5.6)％,(63.4 ± 8.2)％ and (70.8 ± 4.4)％ respectively,compared to (44.1 ± 3.4)％ in the negative control group.There was a significant difference in the proportion of B16 cells in G0/G1 phase among the negative control group and intervention groups (F =13.56,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the mRNA expression of gadd45b was significantly enhanced after 24-hour treatment with 2-ME at concentrations of 20 and 40 mmol/L (both P＜ 0.01),while that of c-myc was significantly weakened after treatment with 2-ME at 10,20 and 40 mmol/L (all ＜ 0.05) compared with the negative control group.Conclusion 2-ME can inhibit the proliferation of B16 cells in vitro,upregulate the expression of gadd45b gene and downregulate the expression of C-myc gene.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the complications in 16 patients who had breast augmentation with polyacrylamide hydrogel injection. The distribution and late changes of the injected material was observed.

METHODSThe physical signs and symptoms of the 16 patients were classified. Ultrasound and infrared examinations or MRI were used in some cases.

RESULTSTwo patients had operations for extraction. The injection material was distributed in the muscles diffusely, or existed in the breast and subcutaneous tissue as many masses.

CONCLUSIONThe reliability of this injection method for breast augmentation is in doubt.

Acrylic Resins ; adverse effects ; Adult ; Breast Implants ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Injections

Objective:To compare and observe the different clearance effect of milk containing anti-Helicobacter pylori specific antibody. Methods:Four H. pylori strains were used to immune dairy cows to obtain milk containing anti-Helicobacter pylori specific antibody,of which,one was standardized strain and the other three were locally epidemic. Totally 148 people were screended,in which 72 were C-14 urea breath test positive, finally 39 meet the criteria. They were divided into two groups, the test group contained 21 subjects,were treated milk containing anti-Helicobacter pylori specific antibody;the 18 subjects in control group with common milk. The study was continued for 2 months. Results:Conducting the C-14 urea breath test,9 subjects in test group were negative,but no one was changed in control group. The effective clearance rate of the test group was 42. 86%,and there was no effective clearance in the control group,so there was significant difference in the two groups(P=0. 005,P<0. 05). Conclusion: The milk containing anti-Helicobacter pylori specific antibody is polyclonal and has higher valence,and could clear H . Pylori effectively.

Timely reporting, effective analyses and rapid distribution of surveillance data can assist in detecting the aberration of disease occurrence and further facilitate a timely response. In China, a new nationwide web-based automated system for outbreak detection and rapid response was developed in 2008. The China Infectious Disease Automated-alert and Response System (CIDARS) was developed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention based on the surveillance data from the existing electronic National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System (NIDRIS) started in 2004. NIDRIS greatly improved the timeliness and completeness of data reporting with real time reporting information via the Internet. CIDARS further facilitates the data analysis, aberration detection, signal dissemination, signal response and information communication needed by public health departments across the country. In CIDARS, three aberration detection methods are used to detect the unusual occurrence of 28 notifiable infectious diseases at the county level and to transmit that information either in real-time or on a daily basis. The Internet, computers and mobile phones are used to accomplish rapid signal generation and dissemination, timely reporting and reviewing of the signal response results. CIDARS has been used nationwide since 2008; all Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in China at the county, prefecture, provincial and national levels are involved in the system. It assists with early outbreak detection at the local level and prompts reporting of unusual disease occurrences or potential outbreaks to CDCs throughout the country.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is one of most common pathogens causing gastrointestinal disorder including gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer, etc. It has been verified as class I carcinogen by WHO. Nowadays, combination antibiotics and proton pump inhibitor are mainly used to erase Hp in clinical application. However, with the increased resistance of Hp, the vaccine against Hp might become the best strategy to eradicate Hp. Elements including urease, virulence factor, outer membrane protein, flagella, play an important role in Hp infection, colonization and reproduction. They have become potential candidate antigens in the development of Hp vaccine, as reported in previous studies. Presently, these antigens-centric vaccines have been tested in animal models. Therefore, this article reviews the studies on Hp vaccine with urease, virulence genes, outer membrane protein and flagella as their candidate antigens, in an attempt to provide insights for research in this regard.
Animals ; Helicobacter pylori ; Urease/genetics* ; Helicobacter Infections/prevention & control* ; Vaccines ; Membrane Proteins