Objective To develop self-management behavior assessment scale for chemotherapy patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC),and test the validity and reliability of it.Methods In reference to Chronic Disease Self Management Study Measure and its scoring standard by patient education and study center of American Stanford University,in combination with PICC patient self-management content,with reference to the literature,expert assessment,the self-management behavior assessment scale was established.The scale included five dimensions,19 quantitative indicators,a total of 78 entries.From February 2010 to November 2011 192 cases of breast cancer chemotherapy patients with PICC participated in the survey.Results Effective questionnaire was 178 copies,scale of content validity index (CVI) was 0.906,the overall Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.892.Using factor analysis method,4 common factors were extracted whose characteristic root was greater than 1,and could explain 41.180％ of the total variance,each item on the corresponding factor of load was above 0.3.Conclusions The evaluation scale has good validity and reliability,which can provide researchers with a tool to evaluated and intervene with self management behavior of breast cancer chemotherapy patients with PICC.