Objective To investigate the value of vascular disease of lower extremity of 64 slice spiral CT angiography in patients with diabetic foot.Methods 48 patients with diabetic lower limb underwent arterial CT angi-ography,Using CT a variety of post -processing techniques and compared with the original image.Results 48 patients were successfully obtained CTA image,41 patients had peripheral artery disease,40 cases were bilateral,39 cases of unilateral or bilateral had severe stenosis or occlusion;25 cases had obvious collateral circulation.Lower extremity arterial segments CTA and DSA showed good agreement (Kappa Value =0.887).Positive predictive rate was 92.5%,the negative predictive value was 98.6%.After delayed scanning,CTA on the foot artery count develo-ping increased,checked with the DSA consistency.Conclusion 64 slice spiral CTA can accurately and comprehen-sive assessment of lower extremity arterial disease of diabetic foot.Diabetic lower limb vascular lesions can be used as the preferred method of examination.

BACKGROUND: Generally speaking, neuroendocrine cells have been not observed in normal breast tissue but found in breast carcinoma tissue which was affected by local microenvironment and hormone level during differentiation of breast epithelial stem cells.OBJECTIVE: By detecting expressions of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), cytokeratin-8 (CK8), and chromogranin-A (CgA) in breast carcinoma tissue, to explore the possible mechanism of neuroendocrine cells observed in breast carcinoma tissue during differentiation of multi-lineage potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.METHODS: BCRP, CK8, and CgA were used as markers for SP stem cells, glandular epithelium differentiation, and neuroendocrine differentiation, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of BCRP, CK8, and CgA in breast tissues of 89 subjects and analyze their correlation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both BCRP and CK8 expressions were observed in normal breast tissues, hyperplastic tissues, and breast carcinoma tissue. BCRP expression was increased in the breast carcinoma tissue; CK8 expression was decreased with the abnormal differentiation of breast tissue; CgA expression was only detected in breast carcinoma tissue. BCRP expression was significantly correlated with positive CgA expression (P < 0.01), but it was no correlation with positive CK8 expression in normal breast tissues, hyperplastic tissues, and breast carcinoma tissue (P=0.069). The results suggested that neuroendocrine cells were not observed in both normal breast tissues and hyperplastic tissues but in breast carcinoma tissue, which possibly correlated to differentiation of multi-lineage potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

AIM:To study the application of ultrasonic extraction in process of extracting diosgenin from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright,and to evaluate its merits.METHODS:A new process of ethanol extracting and hydrochloric acid hydrolysis was provided to extraction diosgenin,and five different extraction methods were studied and compared,and the reaction mechanism was discussed.RESULTS:The ultrasonic extraction method was more efficient.Compared with the traditional water-hydrolylis,extraction rate was 15 percent higher,dosage of hydrochloric acid was registered 90 percent decrease,and the production was purer.CONCLUSION:The grinding pretreatment of Dioscorea zingiberensis is help to enhance the effects of ultrasonic extraction,the method has some advantages in efficiency,energy-saving and low pollution.

[Objective]To investigate the effect of Donepezil on dysgnosia in patients with mild-moderate general paralysis of the insane(GPI).[Methods]Forty-seven patients with GPI were assigned into study group(n=24)or control group(n=23). All these patients were treated with a large dose of penicillin for 2 weeks and then with Benzathine for 3 weeks. And the Donepezil admin-istered to patients in study group.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and the clinical dementia rating(CDR)were scored as the measurement of efficiency.[Result]The scores of the MMSE and CDR were not statistically different between the two groups at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment,and both were increased 12 weeks after treatment(P<0.05),especially in study group as com-pared with those in control group(P < 0.05).[Conclusion]Donepezil as an adjunctive therapy may be effective for dysgnosia in patients with mild-moderate GPI. Donepezil is also safe and well tolerated.

Objective: To investigate the changes of brain gray matter volume in patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss by voxel based morphometry (VBM) . Methods: 16 age-and education-matched healthy controls and 42 patients with occupational noise induced hearing loss, including 27 in mild group and 15 in severe group, received MRI 3D-FSPGR sequence T1WI sagittal scan, and then underwent VBM of brain gray matter volume data analysis. Results: The brain gray matter volume of the left occipitotemporal lateral gyrus, the anterior cingulate gyrus, the bilateral angular gyrus, the precuneus and the near midline area of cerebellum differed between experimental group and control group (P<0.01) . Conclusion The volume of gray matter in specific brain areas of patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss was changed, and the effect of noise on brain structure was revealed from the perspective of imaging.

Objective: The aim of the study is to validate whether the Recognition Of Stroke In the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale can be used by general practitioners (GPs) in an emergency medical service (EMS) protocol to transfer stroke patients from primary care center to advanced hospital with acute stroke center. Methods: GPs prospectively performed the ROSIER scale and the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) on suspected stroke patients as a transfer protocol. All patients were immediately transferred to the Level-II hospital for further treatment. Results: 468 of the 512 suspected stroke patients met the inclusion criteria in this study. The ROSIER scale showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 83.13% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 79.74-86.52%) and specificity of 80.88% (95% CI 77.32- 84.44%). The CPSS showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 78.01% (95% CI 74.26-81.76%) and specificity of 70.59% (95% CI 66.46-74.72%). The Kappa statistic value of the ROSIER scale and the CPSS were 0.601 and 0.454, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROSIER scale was large than the CPSS (AUC 0.855 vs. 0.791). However, the difference was not significantly different. Conclusions: This study suggest that ROSIER and CPSS could be used in an EMS protocol to transfer stroke patients from a primary care center to an advanced hospital offering thrombolysis service
Stroke

BACKGROUND¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET) is considered as one of the most valuable diagnostic methods of chest malignant tumors, except for pathological diagnosis. But in clinic, the cases whose diagnosis of ¹⁸F-FDG PET is different from pathological diagnosis are not rare. This study is to evaluate the initial value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET in the diagnosis and staging of the chest malignant tumors.

METHODSFifty-one cases of chest tumors in Xi'an who underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET were collected. Additionally, pathologic diagnosis had also been experienced on the patients through operation, percutaneous puncture, bronchoscopy or film preparation of pleural fluid. By the comparison of ¹⁸F-FDG PET diagnosis and the pathologic diagnosis, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false positive rate, positive predictive and negative predictive of ¹⁸F-FDG PET were calculated.

RESULTSIn 51 patients, there were 34 patients whose ¹⁸F-FDG PET diagnoses were consistent with the pathological diagnoses, including 31 true positive, 3 true negative. Out of another 17 patients, 11 were false positive, including 2 sarcoidosis, 6 tuberculosis of the lung, 2 inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung and 1 pulmonary cryptococcosis, and 6 were false negative. The calculated values were 66.67% on the overall accuracy, 83.78% on sensitivity, 21.43% on specificity, 78.57% on false positive rate, 16.21% on false negative rate, 73.81% on positive predictive value and 33.33% on negative predictive value.

CONCLUSIONSCurrently, ¹⁸F-FDG PET is still one of the most advanced unwounded technologies for the chest malignant tumor diagnosis. However, this technology experiences difficulties in detection of some high metabolized benign disease, such as tuberculosis from malignant tumor. Hence, in order to take advantage of ¹⁸F-FDG PET technology and have more accurate diagnosis of chest tumors, both results from the ¹⁸F-FDG PET and the clinic actuality should be considered.

AIM:To establish a nomogram model to predict the effect of serum ferritin on diabetic retinopathy and evaluate the model.METHODS:A total of 21 variables, including ferritin, were screened by univariate and multivariate regression analysis to determine the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. A nomogram prediction model was established for evaluation and calibration.RESULTS:Ferritin, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin, urine microalbumin, regularity of medication and body mass index were included in the nomogram model. The consistency index of the prediction model with serum ferritin was 0.813(95%CI: 0.748-0.879). The calibration curves of internal and external verification showed good performance, and the probability of the threshold suggested by the decision curve was in the range 10% to 90%. The model had a high net profit value.CONCLUSIONS:Serum ferritin is an important risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. A new nomogram model, which includes body mass index, duration of diabetes, ferritin, hemoglobin, urine microalbumin and regularity of medication, has a high predictive accuracy and could provide early prediction for clinicians.

OBJECTIVETo observe the impacts of electroacupuncture (EA) on microgliacytes and astrocytes of cervical spinal cord in rats with thyroid incisional pain and explore the mechanism of acupuncture anesthesia in thyroid surgery.

METHODSSixty Wistar male rats were randomized into a normal group, a model group, a Futu (LI 18) group, a Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6) group and a Zusanli (ST 36)-Yanglingquan (GB 34) group, 12 rats in each one. Except the normal group, a longitudinal incision, about 1.5 cm in length was done along the neck midline in the rats of the rest groups to prepare the model of thyroid incisional pain. In the Futu (LI 18) group, the Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6) group and the Zusanli (ST 36)-Yanglingquan (GB 34) group, after modeling for 4 h, 24 h and 48 h, EA was applied to bilateral "Futu" (LI 18), "Hegu" (LI 4) "Neiguan" (PC 6) and"Zusanli" (ST 36) "Yanglingquan" (GB 34) separately, once a day, continuously for 3 days. In the normal group and the model group, no any intervention was applied. The thermal radiant apparatus was used to detect the thermal pain threshold (PT). The fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and the Western blotting (WB) were used to determine the expressions of protein and gene of microglia activation markers Iba1 and CD11b and the astrocyte specific protein marker, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in cervical spinal cord (Cto C) after intervention in the rats of each group.

RESULTSAfter intervention, as compared with the normal group, in the model group, the neck PT was reduced apparently (<0.05), the expressions of Iba1 and CD11b and GFAP mRNA as well as the protein expressions in the spinal cord of Cto Cwere up-regulated apparently (<0.05,<0.01). As compared with the model group, in the Futu (LI 18) and the Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6) group, PT was increased significantly (both<0.05) and that did not change apparently in the Zusanli (ST 36)-Yanglingquan (GB 34) group (>0.05). In the Futu (LI 18) group, the protein and gene expressions of Iba1, CD11b and GFAP were lower than those in the model group (all<0.05). In the Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6) group, the expressions of Iba1 mRNA, CD11b protein, GFAP mRNA and protein were all lower apparently than those in the model group (all<0.05). In the Zusanli (ST 36)-Yanglingquan (GB 34) group, the expressions of Iba1, CD11b and GFAP proteins were not different significantly as compared with the model group (all>0.05). In the Zusanli (ST 36)-Yanglingquan (GB 34) group, the expressions of Iba1 mRNA and CD11b mRNA and protein expressions in the spinal cord of Cto Cwere higher apparently than those in the Futu (LI 18) group (<0.01,<0.05); the expressions of Iba1 mRNA and CD11b protein expressions were higher than those in the Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6) group (all<0.05); GFAP mRNA and protein expressions were higher apparently than those in the Futu (LI 18) group and the Hegu (LI 4)-Neiguan (PC 6) group (all<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEA at "Futu" (LI 18) or "Hegu" (LI 4), "Neiguan" (PC 6) relieves the acute neck incisional pain in the rats and its effect may be closely relevant with the down-regulation of the activities of microgliacytes and astrocytes in the spinal cords.

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ) in college students. METHODS: We assessed the degree of phone dependence using the MPIQ among 2122 college students. One month later, 60 students were randomly selected for assessment with the MPIQ, and the ROC curve was generated to evaluate the true positive rate (sensitivity) and false positive rate at different cutoff values to determine the optimal cutoff score of the MPIQ. RESULTS: Among 98.9% of the participants who finished all the items, their MPIQ scores show a positive skew distribution and a one-factor structure. The load scores of the items ranged from 0.54 to 0.77. The Cronbach's α coefficient and the Spearman Brown split reliability were 0.84 and 0.83, respectively, the correlation coefficients between the items and total score ranged from 0.54 to 0.76, and the test-retest reliability was 0.48 ( < 0.001). At the optimal cut-off score of 32, the sensitivity and the specificity of the MPIQ were 0.634 and 0.652, respectively. CONCLUSIONS At the optimal cut-off score of 32, the MPIQ has good validity and reliability for assessing phone dependence among college students.
Cell Phone ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires