Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is the inhalation of 100％ oxygen at a pressure higher than one atmosphere absolute (ATA),and has been used as an auxiliary therapy for various skin diseases.It has been proved that HBO can increase the oxygen content in skin tissues,accelerate aerobic metabolism of skin,promote epithelial regeneration and wound healing,relieve adverse stimuli on peripheral nerves and sensors in the skin,inhibit apoptosis of neurons,enhance the function of regulatory T cells,alleviate inflammation,and mobilize vascular stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) from the bone marrow to peripheral blood and ulcer tissues.At present,HBO has been widely applied in the auxiliary treatment of psoriasis,atopic dermatitis,postberpetic neuralgia,chronic refractory cutaneous ulcer,pyoderma gangrenosum,fungal infection,vascular embolization after cosmetic facial filling,and some other skin diseases.

Objective To estimate the effects of camptothecin (CPT) on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in HaCaT cells under hypoxic conditions (2％ O2),and to explore the potential therapeutic mechanism of topical CPT for psoriasis.Methods Some HaCaT cells were classified into 6 groups:5 test groups cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with the presence of CPT at 12.5,25,50,100 and 200 nmol/L respectively,and 1 control group cultured in DMEM with the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).All the 6 groups of cells were cultured under normoxic conditions for 12,24,48 or 72 hours or under hypoxic conditions for 12 hours.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was conducted to estimate the proliferation of HaCaT cells after the normoxic culture,and Western blot to quantify the protein expression of HIF-1α after the hypoxic culture.Some HaCaT cells were classified into a normoxia group (21％ O2) and a hypoxia group (2％ O2),and each group was divided into a CPT (100 nmol/L)-treated subgroup and a non-intervention subgroup (treated with the vehicle).After 12-hour culture,real-time fluorescencebased quantitative PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression of HIF-1α.Statistical analysis was carried out by using Levene'.s test,one-way analysis of variance,Dunnett-t test and factorial analysis with the SPSS16.0 software.Results After treatment with CPT at 12.5-200 nmol/L for 12-72 hours,the proliferation of HaCaT cells was inhibited in a concentration-and time-dependent manner.More concretely,the cell proliferation rates were inhibited by 17.66％ ± 6.46％,33.11％ ± 4.63％ and 56.31％ ± 1.69％ respectively in HaCaT cells after 12-hour treatment with 200 nmol/L CPT as well as 24-hour treatment with 100 and 200 nmol/L CPT compared with the control group at the corresponding time points (all P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression level of HIF-1 α was significantly decreased in HaCaT cells after 12-hour treatment with CPT at 12.5,25,50,100 and 200 nmol/L under hypoxic conditions compared with the control group (0.348 ± 0.065,0.261 ± 0.112,0.115 ± 0.043,0.045 ± 0.024 vs.1.445 ± 0.329,all P＜ 0.05).The mRNA expression level of HIF-1α (expressed as △Ct) in the CPT-treated subgroup and non-intervention subgroup was-5.575 ± 0.29 and -5.451 ± 0.21 respectively in the normoxia group,significantly higher than that in the hypoxia group (-6.543 ± 0.57 and -6.203 ± 0.31 respectively,F =29.856,P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference between the CPT-treated and non-intervention subgroups (F =1.667,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions CPT at 100 nmol/L could inhibit the expression of HIF-1α protein,but had no obvious effect on that of HIF-1α mRNA.

The effect of sucrose polyester (SPE) on cholesterol levels in sera of rats under hypercholesteremic diet and of artificial hypercholesterolemia was observed. The results showed that in experiment Ⅰ when SPE 3 gra/rat/day was administered orally in accompanying with hypercholesteremic diet for 20 days, the elevation of cholesterol levels in sera of rats were obviously less than that of the group without SPE (P

Objective To explore a rapid,simple and effective therapy for serious pneumothorax which could be used in pre-hospital and in-hospital first-aid.Methods Sixty-seven patients were randomly divided into the observation group and control group .Patients in the observation group were treated using laparoscopic trocar for rapidly closed thoracic drainage,and patients in the control group were treated by using the traditional large caliber drainage tube and the intercostal incision method of conventional closed thoracic drainage.The operation time,remaining time of drainage,length of stay,effective rate,and complications,including of postoperative pain,hemorrhage,subcutaneous emphysema and infection were observed in both groups. Results The total effective rate was 94.1%(32/34) in the observation group,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(90.9%,30/33)(x2=1.876,P＞0.05).No significant difference was found on the remaining time of drainage and length of stay between the two groups(remaining time of drainage:[4.56±1.65]d vs.[6.26±3.45]d;length of stay:(6.0±2.6)d vs.(6.7±2.2)d ,t=1.335 and 0.779,respectively,Ps＞0.05).The operation time of using laparoscopic trocar was significantly lower than that of the control group((5.00±1.28)min vs.(15.00±4.03)min,t=3.031,P＜0.05).The incision length was(0.95±0.11)cm in the observational group,which was significantly lower than that in the control group((2.41±0.52)cm ,t=2.585,P＜0.05).Postoperative pain occurred in 14.7%(5/34) of patients in the observational group,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(87.9%(29/33))(t=2.983,P＜0.05).In the observational group no hemorrhage and infection occurred,whereas in the control group the hemorrhage and infection rate was 36%(12/33) and 33%(11/33),respectively(x2=5.880 and 3.687,respectively,Ps＜0.05). Conclusion The use of laparoscopic trocar for rapidly closed thoracic drainage in the treatment of serious pneu-mothorax is simple,easy,convenient,effective and reliable,with few complications.This therapy is suitable for using in pre-hospital and in-hospital first-aid.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the chest orthosis on patients with multiple rib or(and) sternal fracture in early period of closed chest trauma.Methods Patients with multiple fractured of ribs or (and) sternal fracture were divided into control group (n =16)treated with the traditional fixation methods ( thoracic girdle added with folding towels) and experimental group ( n =30 ) treated with chest orthosis between January 2009 and December 2011.Correlated parameters of these patients in the two groups,including pain,indexes of blood gas analysis,pulmonary complications and hospitalization time were evaluated.Results There were significant differences on visual analogue scale(VAS) [ (4.45 ±2.23) vs (8.15 ±2.02),t =2.921,P ＜0.01 ],blood gas analysis including PaO2 [ 88.16 ± 9.12) mm Hg vs (77.22 ± 6.24 ) mm Hg,t =2.413,P ＜0.05] andPaCO2[ (40.91 ±3.40)mm Hg vs (46.06 ±5.40)mm Hg,t =2.335,P＜0.05] between experimental group and control group.The incidence rate of pulmonary complications in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group [ 17％ ( 5/30 ) vs 44％ ( 7/16 ),x2 =23.478,P ＜ 0.05 ].And hospitalization time in experimental group was significantly shorter compared with control group[ (7.26 ± 4.17) d vs ( 14.26 ±3.53)d,t =2.430,P ＜0.05].Conclusion The chest orthosis in early treatment of chest trauma can reduce the pain and improve the condition of patients,and it is a simple,effective and cheap method with significant clinical effect.

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of Legacy pedicle screw system plus minimally invasive technique in treatment of Tile type C pelvic fracture and evaluate its therapeutic effects.MethodsFrom January 2008 to March 2010, 12 patients with closed Tile type C pelvic fractures were treated with Legacy pedicle screw system plus minimally invasive technique.There were seven males and five females, at age range of 21-60 years (average 39.6 years).All patients had sacrum fractures of the posterior pelvic rings.The anterior pelvic ring fractures included unilateral ischiadic ramus fractures in four patients and bilateral ischiadic ramus fractures in eight.Three patients were combined with shock.The anterior pelvic rings were fixed with minimally invasive reconstruction plates and the posterior pelvic rings fixed with minimally invasive technique plus Legacy pedicle screw system.ResultsThe operation lasted for average 90 minutes (range, 80-110 minutes) , with average intraoperative blood loss of 105 ml (range, 80-150 ml).All patients were followed up for average 18 months (range, 6-32 months), which showed that all patients got satisfactory reductions and that the fractures were healed at one stage, with average period of 11.5 weeks (range, 9-13 weeks).There occurred no infections, failures of internal fixations or nerve injuries.According to improved Lindahl standard of pelvic injury function assessment, the result was excellent in 10 patients and good in two, with average score of 78.6 points.Conclusions Under master of the surgical indications, Legacy pedicle screw system plus minimally invasive technique takes advantages of minor trauma, less intraoperative fluoroscopy, short operation time, good curative resuhs and few complications in treatment of Tile type C pelvic fractures by fixation of the posterior pelvic rings and reconstruction of the anterior pelvic rings.

Objective To evaluate effects of camptothecin on the autophagy of HaCaT cells.Methods Some cultured HaCaT cells were divided into several groups to be treated with camptothecin at concentrations of 5,10,25,50,100 and 200 nmol/L,and 0.1％ dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (control group),respectively.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was conducted to estimate the proliferative activity of HaCaT cells after 24-and 48-hour treatment,flow cytometry to evaluate cell apoptosis after 24-hour treatment,and Western blot analysis to measure the expression of autophagy-related proteins microtubuleassociated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and p62.Some HaCaT cells were divided into 2 groups to be treated with 10 nmol/L camptothecin and 0.1％ DMSO for 24 hours,respectively.Then,indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed to determine the LC3 expression.Results Camptothecin at low concentrations of 5 and 10 nmol/L had no significant effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of HaCaT cells.Compared with the control group,the cellular proliferative rates were significantly inhibited by (31.23 ± 1.00)％,(54.21 ± 8.10)％ and (66.75 ± 10.70)％ in the 50-,100-and 200-nmol/L camptothecin groups after 24-hour treatment respectively,and by (25.81 ± 5.99)％,(44.35 ± 5.32)％,(65.81 ± 8.28)％ and (73.23 ± 9.59)％ in the 25-,50-,100-and 200-nmol/L camptothecin groups after 48-hour treatment respectively (all P ＜ 0.001).After 24-hour treatment,the apoptosis rates were significantly higher in the 50-,100-and 200-nnol/L camptothecin groups (14.46％ ± 2.38％,19.15％ ± 1.59％,29.88％ ± 1.37％,respectively) than in the control group (3.80％ ± 0.13％,all P ＜ 0.001).After 24-hour treatment with 5 and 10 nmol/L camptothecin,the protein expression of LC3 Ⅱ was significantly up-regulated,while p62 protein expression was significantly down-regulated:IFA showed that the percentage of autophagosome-positive cells was significantly higher in the 10-nmol/L camptothecin group than in the control group after 24-hour treatment (36.67％ ± 4.55％ vs.6.23％ ± 0.92％,t =6.546,P =0.003).Conclusions Camptothecin at low concentrations of 5 and 10 nmol/L can induce autophagy of HaCaT cells,but has no obvious effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis.Camptothecin at concentrations of 50,100 and 200 nmol/L can inhibit cell proliferation,promote cell apoptosis,and decrease autophagy levels.

Objective To observe the primary clinical results of Gore （R） Viabahn endoprosthesis for atherosclerotic stenosis or occlusion in superficial femoral artery (SFA).Methods From March 2013 to November 2013,45 consecutive patients (54 limbs) who had ischemic symptom due to stenosis or occlusion of superficial femoral artery were treated by endovascular deployment of Gore （R） Viabahn endoprosthesis.We observed patency rate,improvement of Rutherford classification and ankle-brachial index,limb salvage rate and survival rate after 1,3 and 6 months.Results 43 patients (52 limbs)were followed-up,among which 32 patients(38 limbs)belonged to TASC Ⅱ type C or type D lesion.The mean (± SD) length of treated segment in 52 limbs was(19 ±4)cm.The rate of postoperative patency on duplex ultrasonography:one month,3 months and 6 months were 96.15％ (50 limbs),92.31％ (48 limbs)and 90.38％ (47 limbs) ; Ankle-brachial index increased from(0.32 ±0.20)to(0.68 ±0.18) (t =3.180,P ＜ 0.005) after 6 months ; at 6 months limb salvage rate was 96.08 percent (49 limbs),and survival rate was 97.67％ (42 patients).Conclusions Implantation of Gore （R） Viabahn endoprosthesis in atherosclerotic stenotic or occluded superficial femoral artery safely achieves a definite primary clinical effectiveness.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of left ventricular hypertrophy and deformation on cardiac function in patients with uremic cardiomyopathy (UCM) by using the technology of two dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI).Methods:A total of 67 UCM patients were randomly divided into the normal cardiac function group (subgroup A,32 cases) and the abnormal cardiac function group (subgroup B,35 cases)according to the New York Heart Association points (NYHA-P).A total of 30 healthy subjetcs served as the control group.Parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular mass index (LVMI),left ventricular spherical index (LVSI),left ventricular myocardial mean radial strain (MRS),mean radial strain rate (MRSR),mean longitudinal strain (MLS),local systolic twist angle (STA),and mitral annulus maximum displacement (TMAD) were detected.Results:MLS,MRS,MRSR,LVSI,STA and TMAD in the Group A and Group B were lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05),and LVMI in the Group A and Group B was increased than those in the control group (P＜0.05);LVEE MLS,MRS,MRSR,LVSI and STAin the Group B was decreased than that in the Group A (P＜0.05).MLS in the Group A and B were positively correlated with LVEF and LVSI,but negatively correlated with LVMI.Using the point of 14.10％ for MLS to evaluate UCM patients with NYHA-P＞4 points,the sensitivity,the specificity and Yuedden index were 90.5％,71％ and 0.585,respectively.STA in UCM patients were lower than that in the control (P＜0.05).Conclusion:2D-STI possesses a unique advantage in detecting left ventricular strain and strain rate on left ventricular regional function in UCM with left ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular deformation.There is no direct correlation between the left ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular deformation,but the ventricular hypertrophy and deformation are correlated with regional cardiac function and clinical cardiac function.Left ventricular regional dysfunction may occur before cardiac hypertrophy and deformation.

Objective To prepare a novel drug delivery system camptothecin loaded nanogel (CPT-PPO gel),and inves-tigate its contents,physical and chemical properties and in vitro transdermal permeability.Methods The solvent evaporation method was utilized to prepare core-shell nano-drug delivery systems (CPT-PLGA-PAMAM,CPT-PP),in which the Poly lac-tic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA ) was used to load camptothecin as the nucleus and the polyamidoamine (PAMAM ) G3.0 was wrapped in the surface of PLGA as the shell.Then the oleic acid (OA) was connected to CPT-PP to obtain the surface modified drug delivery system (CPT-PLGA-PAMAM OA,CPT-PPO).HPLC was used to determine the content of camptothecin in nanoparticles,transmission electron microscopy was applied to identify the nanoparticles morphology,and laser analyzer was used to determine the particle size.The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was added as the base for the preparation of the nanogel (CPT-PPO gel) at last.The Franz-diffusion cell was used to determine the permeation rate of nanogel in vitro. Results The resulting CPT-PPO gel was stable at 4℃,the average particle size was (246.7 ± 5.4) nm and the encapsulation efficiency was up to (78.7 ± 6.9)%.Comparing to the normal gel,(CPT gel),the cumulative penetration amount and the re-tention amount in the skin of the nanogels (CPT-PPO gel,CPT-PP gel) were significant higher (P＜0.01),the retention and cumulative penetration amount of CPT-PPO gel was significant higher than that of CPT-PP gel (P＜0.05).Conclusion After modified by OA,CPT-PPO gel can increase the cumulated amount and absorption in skin and can be used as a carrier of CPT in the new formulation for topical treatment of psoriasis.