BACKGROUND: Animal experiments demonstrated that adding ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation (UBIO) in cardioplegic solutions has myocardial protection during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).OBJECTIVE: To investigate the myocardial protective effect of UBIO as cardiac arresting solution in the process of CPB in old patients undergoing valve replacement.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled trial of biochemistry level was performed at Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, from October 2006 to April 2008.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 46 old patients scheduled for heart valve replacement were randomly divided into test group and control group, with 23 patients in each group.METHODS: The test group was infuoed with the UBIO blood as a cardiac arresting solution via the ascending aorta. The UBIO blood accumulated from the subclavian vein (10 mL/kg) was heparinized and dealt with the ultraviolet irradiation (wave length 240-300 nm) and oxygenation. And then it was infused for the first antegrade coronary perfusion when the ascending aorta was cross-clamped, when the UBIO blood was produced, the equivalent quantitative saline was infused from another vein. The 4:1 cold oxygenated blood hyperhalemia cardioplegia was perfused and then maintained for 30 minutes. The control group was the same as the test group except that the cardiac arresting solution presented without the 4:1 cold oxygenated blood.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were withdrawn from coronary venous sinus before cross-clamping and at minutes 5 and 10 after aorta declamping, to measure the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). Before the beginning of CPB, and at hours 4, 24, and 48 after the end of CPB, venous blood was drawn to test the serum cardiac troponin I(cTnI) and creatine kinase isozyme (CK-MB).RESULTS: MDA levels of plasma were less in the test group than that of the control group after aorta declamping (P < 0.05),while the SOD activity was obvious greater than the control group (P < 0.05). At hours 4-48 after CPB, CK-MB and cTnl levels were lower in the test group than the control group (P< 0.05).CONCLUSION: Antegrade coronary first perfusion with UBIO during CPB has evident cardiac protective in old patients undergoing valve replacement by elevating SOD activity, decreasing MDA level, relieving myocardial reperfusion injury, as well as decreasing myocardial damage markers levels.

Chemokine can regulate the immuue cells migration, play the function by combining chemokine receptor. Dendritic cells(DC) are the most important professional antigen presenting cells, and their main application is prepared into a variety of cancer vaccine. Dendritic cells need to migrate while completing the functions, are related with chemokine and chemokine receptor. Chemokines always playe a regulating, promoting or inhibiting role in the processing of completing the functions and migration. So DC can present antigens, activate the initial T cells, cause immune response and kill the tumor cells and inflammatory molecules.

Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics of injury among adults in Guizhou province.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 9 280 residents aged ≥ 18 years selected though multistage cluster random sampling in Guizhou to collect the information about their demographic characteristics and incidence data of injury.Logistic regression analysis was done to identify the risk factors.Results The incidence of injury was 3.5％ in the adults surveyed (3.6％ in males,3.4％ in females).The incidences of injury in both urban area and rural area were same (3.5％).The incidence of injury was 3.9％ in age group 18-44 years,2.7％ in age group 45-59 years,and 3.5％ in age group ≥60 years,the differences among different age groups were statistically significant (x2=7.949,P=0.019).The top three injury causes were fall (35.0％),road traffic accident (20.0％) and animal bite (19.2％).The top three injury causes in the elderly were fall (59.3％),animal bite (22.0％) and sharp instrument cut (10.2％).Among the elderly,the incidence of road traffic injury was higher in males (1.1％) than in females (0.3％),the difference was statistically significant (x2=18.156,P=0.000).The incidence of fall in urban area (1.6％) was higher than that in rural area (1.1％),the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.616,P=0.032).Drinking and drunk driving,fatigue driving,smoking and gender were the influencing factors for injury.Conclusion Injury related high risk behaviors were common in adults in Guizhou,it is necessary to develop effective intervention measures to prevent injury.

Objective:To understand and determine the biological properties of Chlamydia pneumonia (Cpn) hypothetical protein Cpn0423 and the mechanisms of which involved in Cpn0423-induced inflammatory response. Methods:The biological properties of Cpn0423 gene were analyzed using bioinformatic software. The subcellular localization of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 2 (NOD2) in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) was detected by confocal microscope. NOD2-siRNA was used to inhibit the expression of NOD2 at mRNA level. Cpn0423-induced macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and IL-6 production in BMDMs were detected by ELISA. PCR was performed to detect Cpn0423 DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of Cpn-positive patients.Results:The homology between Cpn0423 and other type Ⅲ secretion system effector proteins of Chlamydia ranged from 85% to 93%. NOD2-siRNA could effectively inhibit the expression of NOD2 at mRNA level in BMDMs ( P<0.001). Moreover, Cpn0423-induced production of MIP-2 [(920.5±99.1) pg/ml vs (130.1±11.5) pg/ml, P<0.001] and IL-6 [(266.2±58.4) pg/ml vs (165.7±21.5) pg/ml, P<0.001] in BMDMs were decreased following NOD2-siRNA pre-treatment. Cpn0423 DNA was detected in the BAlF of 83.3% (10/12) of Cpn-positive cases, but not in Cpn-negative cases. Conclusions:Cpn0423 induced inflammatory response in host cells through NOD2 pathway, which was closely related to the chronic inflammatory injury caused by Cpn.