Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of bronchial arterial infusion (BAI) combined with systemic administration of paclitaxel (Taxol) in the treatment of patients with advanced non small cell cancer (NSCLC).Methods Fifty seven patients with NSCLC were received paclitaxel and carboplatin through the bronchial artery and follow by systemic administration of paclitaxel for 2～3 cycles. The positive response and adverse effects were assessed. Results In 57 patients, complete response (CR) were obtained in 6 and partial response (PR) in 28 cases, with overall response rate (RR) of 59.6%. The main toxicity included mild myelosuppression, gastrointestinal effects, and alopecia.Conclusions The combination of BAI of paclitaxel and systemic chemotherapy is highly effective for advanced NSCLC, and causes mild adverse effects.

Objective To explore the relationship between risk of stroke and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound(QUS)T score under-2. 5. Methods 5 847 subjects over the age of 40 from Yunyan District, Guiyang City were investigated with questionnaire, physical examination, blood lipids, other metabolic indexes and calcaneus bone density determination from May to October, 2011 by cluster sampling method and were followed up for 3 years. Subjects were divided into stroke group(99 subjects) and non-stroke group(5 748 subjects) according to the occurrence of stroke in the follow-up period. The relationship between risk of stroke and QUS T score under-2. 5 was analyzed. Results Compared to the non-stroke group, the number of subjects with T score under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was larger in the stroke group, the difference of which was statistically significant(P<0. 05). T score of bone density under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was found to be an independent risk factor for predicting stroke after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index(HR=1. 467, 95%CI 0. 753-2. 855). The relationship between risk of stroke and T score under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS remained unchanged after further adjust ment of smoking, diabetes, education, and hypertension(HR=1. 265, 95%CI 0. 647-2. 475). Conclusion The risk of stroke and T score of bone density under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was independently associated, and the latter is an independent risk factor for predicting stroke.

Objective The current manipulator with double parallel quadrilateral mechanism should be connected in series with a flexible degree of freedom (DOF) mechanism, which increases the volume of the manipulator, decreases the motion flexibility and creates the interference between the mechanical arms that hold the mirror and the device. Aimed at solving this problem, a novel mechanical arm was put forward to enhance the motion flexibility and reduce the volume of the manipulator. Methods The mechanical arm was designed by using the mechanism of five-link, slider and slide rail lower pair and wire transmission to realize the telescopic movement of the end effector. The kinematics model of the manipulator was established, and the MATLAB was used as the simulation tool to verify the correctness of the D-H parameters under the specific zero joint angle, and the motion equation of the manipulator was solved. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional workspace of the end effector was obtained by using Monte Carlo algorithm, and the preoperative plan of animal experiment for 3 arms was performed. Finally, cholecystectomy and other operations were acted in pigs, to verify the rationality and maneuverability of the design of double 5-link 2-DOF manipulator. Results The working space of Monte Carlo algorithm under MATLAB environment was -650.4 mm＜x＜649 mm, 163.8 mm＜y＜1 202 mm and -254.6 mm＜z＜829.8 mm. Sixteen cases of pig cholecystectomy were successfully completed, with an average operation time of 51 minutes. Conclusions The novel double 5-link 2-DOF manipulator could successfully complete cholecystectomy and other operations in pigs, which had no other symptoms after the operation. There was no interference between the mechanical arms, which fully verified the feasibility of the design scheme of the robot manipulator for minimally invasive surgery.

Objective:To explore the consistency of peripheral whole blood and venous serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels, and the value of peripheral whole blood PCT in evaluating pediatric bacterial infection.Methods:This multicenter cross-sectional parallel control study was conducted in 11 children′s hospital. All the 1 898 patients older than 28 days admitted to these hospitals from March 2018 to February 2019 had their peripheral whole blood and venous serum PCT detected simultaneously with unified equipment, reagent and method. According to the venous serum PCT level, the patients were stratified to subgroups. Analysis of variance and chi-square test were used to compare the demographic characteristics among groups. And the correlation between the peripheral blood and venous serum PCT level was investigated by quantitative Pearson correlation analysis.The PCT resultes were also converted into ranked data to further test the consistency between the two sampling methods by Spearman′s rank correlation test. Furthermore, the ranked data were converted into binary data to evaluate the consistency and investigate the best cut-off of peripheral blood PCT level in predicting bacterial infection.Results:A total of 1 898 valid samples were included (1 098 males, 800 females),age 27.4(12.2,56.7) months. There was a good correlation between PCT values of peripheral whole blood and venous serum ( r=0.97 , P<0.01). The linear regression equation was PCT?venous serum=0.135+0.929×PCT peripheral whole blood. However, when stratified to 5 levels, PCT results showed diverse and unsatisfied consistency between the two sampling methods ( r=0.51-0.92, all P<0.01). But after PCT was converted to ordinal categorical variables, the stratified analysis showed that the coincidence rate of the measured values by the two sampling methods in each boundary area was 84.9%-97.1%. The dichotomous variables also showed a good consistency (coincidence rate 96.8%-99.3%, Youden index 0.82-0.89). According to the severity of disease, the serum PCT value was classified into 4 intervals（<0.5、0.5-<2.0、2.0-<10.0、≥10.0 μg/L）, and the peripheral blood PCT value also showed a good predictive value (AUC value was 0.991 2-0.997 9). The optimal cut points of peripheral whole blood PCT value 0.5、1.0、2.0、10.0 μg/L corresponding to venous serum PCT values were 0.395, 0.595, 1.175 and 3.545 μg/L, respectively. Conclusions:There is a good correlation between peripheral whole blood PCT value and the venous serum PCT value, which means that the peripheral whole blood PCT could facilitate the identification of infection and clinical severity. Besides, the sampling of peripheral whole blood is simple and easy to repeat.

Through the effort in nearly 40 years of Tanzania, the total number of reported cases, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and the number of death have declined, while the number of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy has increased significantly in Tanzania. At the same time, however, there are new challenges that require more attention, such as the HIV spread to rural areas, middle and lower social classes, and female teenagers. Although the overall performance of the HIV/AIDS prevention and control response is great, there is still a need to survey the new trends of this disease at the micro-level in Tanzania. In addition, there is a necessity of interdisciplinary concern due to the prevalence of heterosexual anal sex in Tanzania.