Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mild to moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing general anesthesia.Methods Forty elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia and abdominal surgery, 24 males, 16 females, aged 65-81 years, ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ, BMI 19-28 kg/m2, were randomly divided into two groups (n=20 each): protective ventilation group (group PV) and conventional ventilation group (group CV).Lung protective ventilation was received in group PV: intermittent positive pressure ventilation, tidal volume 6 ml/kg (ideal body weight), positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5-10 cm H2O, alveolar recruitment maneuver every 30 minutes;conventional ventilation was received in group CV: intermittent positive pressure ventilation, tidal volume 10 ml/kg (ideal body weight), without using the PEEP and alveolar recruitment maneuver.Venous blood samples for interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were taken at five different time points: before the anesthesia induction (T1), 2 h after mechanical ventilation (T2), at the end of operation (T3), 6 h (T4) and 24 h (T5) after operation.The clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) was recorded at before anesthesia, days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after surgery.The incidence of postoperative pulmonary inflammation was also recorded.Results There was no statistical difference in the two groups with respect to age, body mass index, ASA physical status, intraoperative volume of infusion, estimated blood loss, urine volume, mechanical ventilation time, operation method and IL-6, IL-8 levels at T1-T5.Compared with T1, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels in two groups at T2-T5 increased significantly (P＜0.05).Compared that before anesthesia, CPIS in group CV on postoperative days 1, 3 and 5 increased significantly (P＜0.05);compared with group CV, CPIS and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary inflammation in group PV reduced significantly on postoperative days 1, 3 and 5 (P＜0.05).Conclusion Lung protective ventilation can not reduce perioperative IL-6, IL-8 levels in laparotomy elderly patients with COPD, but it can reduce the incidence of pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary infection within 5 postoperative days.

Objective To screen and identify specific antigens of Taenia solium cysticercus, and predict the function of target proteins using bioinformatics method. Methods Patients infected with Taenia solium were dewormed by decoction arecae and pumpkin seeds to collect worms, and eggs were then prepared. Six three-way crossed hybrid pigs were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, and each experimental pig was infected with 80 000 T. solium eggs. Serum samples were collected at 40 days after infection. The total protein of T. solium cysticercus was separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis, and Western blotting was performed to find out distinct antigens. Proteins from the two groups were identified by ESI-Trap MS. Query in NCBI database was made to confirm function of the proteins. Results 207?9 spots were detected through Coomassie brilliant blue-stained gels with Mr 14 400-94 000 and pI 3.0-10.0. Western blotting showed 7 specific antigen spots with pool sera of infected pigs. Four of the 7 antigens with known functions were respectively ascribed to cytoskeletal actin-2(adult-specific), tropomyosin(cysticercus-specific), AF239799-1 annexin (cysticercus-specific) and actin-1(cysticercus-specific). Conclutions Three specific antigens of Taenia solium cysticercus have been identified.

Objective Deletion detection and annotation of 18 lines from the population of specific chromosome 1 substitution strains ( PCSSs) derived from Chinese wild mice based on whole genome re-sequencing data. Methods Whole genome re?sequencing of the 18 lines were performed on the Illumina Hiseq platform. SpeedSeq software was used to detect the deletion after read alignment. Further annotation was obtained using SnpEff software. Results 13803 dele?tions were identified among the 18 lines, the length of deletion was ranged from 51bp to 70 kb, among them nearly 50%were less than 500 bp. Through functional annotation,we found most of the variants were located in intronic (50. 361%) and intergenic (28. 745%) regions. However, we also identified 31 protein coding genes harboring loss?of?function dele?tions. Among them, 3 genes were associated with human diseases, 7 genes were participated in 11 KEGG pathways. Conclusion The chromosome 1 of PCSSs harbors abundant deletion mutations which can be used as genetic markers in genetic studies.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) signaling on CheB and CheR, which were chemotaxis regulatory proteins relating to the motility of Leptospira interrogans.Methods Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of cheB1, cheB2, cheB3, cheR1 and cheR2 genes at mRNA level during Leptospira interrogans infection.Fragments of these genes were amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-28a, respectively, to construct the prokaryotic expression system for them.Colony morphologies of Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains that overexpressed the target genes were observed to determine the regulatory effects of c-di-GMP on CheB and CheR.Results The expression of cheB1 gene at mRNA level increased 60 min after infection and reached the peak at 90 min.Compared with the control group, the expression of cheB3 gene at mRNA level were up-regulated, while no significant difference in the expression of cheB2 and cheR genes was observed 60 min after infection.The prokaryotic expression system for the five genes was successfully constructed and the purified proteins were obtained.CheB1, CheB3 and CheR2 improved the motility of E.coli, but that was inhibited by the inhibitor of diguanylate cyclase (DGC) or phosphodiesterase (PDE).Conclusion CheB and CheR regulate the swarming motility of E.coli and are affected by intracellular c-di-GMP.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between sagittal bearing movement and posterior tibial slope after Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and its effect on clinical results.Methods:A total of 29 patients (30 knees) with anterior medial knee osteoarthritis who underwent Oxford third-generation UKA in the Department of Joint and Sports Medicine of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2022 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 7 males (8 knees) and 22 females (22 knees), aged 63.3±7.9 years (range, 47-84 years). The patients were divided into overhang group (9 knees) and non-overhang group (21 knees) according to whether there was overhang of the bearing in the sagittal X-ray film at 135° flexion after operation. The preoperative and postoperative Oxford Knee Score (OKS), tibial posterior slope angle and radiographic results of the bearing were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to measure the relationship between postoperative sagittal bearing movement and OKS and tibial posterior slope.Results:All patients successfully completed the operation and were followed up for 7.2±1.1 months (range, 6-9 months). 30% (9/30) of the bearing were overhung. When the knee flexion was 135°, the position of the bearing in the overhang group was 83.33%±3.46%, and the posterior suspension distance was 1.12 ±1.80 mm, which was significantly higher than those in the non-overhang group (73.24%±3.40% and -4.45±2.37 mm, P<0.05). The bearing movement distance in the overhang group was 33.22%±8.51%, which was larger than that in the non-overhang group (23.36%±9.32%), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The posterior tibial slope of the overhang group was 2.68°±2.20° at 6 months after operation, which was smaller than that of the non-overhang group (4.59°±2.69°), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The OKS score was 19.00±8.84 in the overhang group and 19.14 ±7.00 in the non-overhang group at 6 months after operation, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the overhang distance of the bearing was positively correlated with the bearing position at 135° knee flexion ( r=0.97, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with the posterior tibial slope ( r=-0.38, P=0.041). It was negatively correlated with the change of posterior tibial slope ( r=-0.37, P=0.045), positively correlated with the bearing movement distance ( r=0.68, P<0.001), and had no correlation with the position of the bearing at 0° knee flexion ( r=-0.15, P=0.423). The bearing movement distance was negatively correlated with the position of the bearing at 0° of knee flexion ( r=-0.82, P<0.001), positively correlated with the position of the bearing at 135° of knee flexion ( r=0.70, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with the posterior tibial slope ( r=-0.48, P=0.007). It was negatively correlated with the change of posterior tibial slope ( r=-0.39, P<0.001), and positively correlated with the overhang distance of bearing at 135° knee flexion ( r=0.68, P=0.033). Conclusion:The incidence of bearing overhang at Oxford UKA is 30%. The bearing overhang and the increase of the bearing movement distance are related to the decrease of the posterior tibial slope after the operation. Although no effect of bearing overhang on knee joint function was found, the posterior tibial slope should be adjusted during the operation to reduce the incidence of bearing overhang.

Objective:To observe the expression levels of small ubiquitinated protein specific protease (SENP) 1 and small ubiquitin-related modifier protein (SUMO) 1 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and analyze the clinical value of evaluating prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 66 patients with DLBCL (DLBCL group) in Inner Mongolia People′s Hospital from February 2017 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and 60 cases of healthy people in the same period were selected as the healthy control group. The expression levels of SENP1 and SUMO1 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between the expression levels of SENP1, SUMO1 and clinical characteristics was analyzed. The independent risk factors affecting the prognosis were analyzed by Cox multivariate analysis.Results:The SENP1 in DLBCL group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (50.39 ± 6.86 vs. 7.47 ± 1.32), the SUMO1 in DLBCL group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group (8.84 ± 2.13 vs. 31.49 ± 5.89), and there were statistical differences ( t = 47.640 and 29.210, P<0.01). There were statistical differences in SENP1 and SUMO1 among patients with different clinical stages ( P<0.01). The expression levels of SENP1 and SUMO1 were correlated with clinical stage and international prognostic index (IPI) ( P<0.05), and were not correlated with age, gender, disease site and clinical symptoms ( P>0.05). The 3-year survival rate in patients with high SENP1 expression (30 cases) was significantly lower than that in patients with low SENP1 expression (36 cases), the 3-year survival rate in patients with high SUMO1 expression (38 cases) was significantly higher than that in patients with low SUMO1 expression (28 cases), and there were statistical differences (26.67% vs. 75.00% and 73.68% vs. 39.29%, P<0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis result showed that clinical stage, IPI, SENP1 and SUMO1 were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis in patients with DLBCL ( HR = 1.352, 1.487, 2.048 and 3.295; 95% CI 1.180 to 1.691, 1.187 to 1.602, 2.536 to 4.023 and 2.752 to 5.325; P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusions:In patients with DLBCL, SENP1 is highly expressed and SUMO1 is lowly expressed. The expression levels of SENP1 and SUMO1 are closely related to clinical stage and IPI in patients with DLBCL, and they are independent risk factors of the prognosis.

OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 27 kinds of heavy metals and trace elements in Halloysitum album from different origins. METHODS： The sample was dissolved by wet digestion. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）， carrier gas was argon and collision gas was helium； plasma gas flow rate was 15.0 L/min；   flow rate of carrier gas was 1.17 L/min and collision gas flow rate was 5.0 mL/min； atomizer was Barbinton， and sampling depth was 8.0 mm； atomizing chamber temperature was 2 ℃； radio frequency power was 1.3 kW； peristaltic pump revolutions was 30 r/min. In full quantitative analysis model， the number of test points was 3， the analysis time was 0.1 s， the repetition was 3 times， clustering analysis was conducted by using PASW Statistics 18.0 software. RESULTS： The linear range of 27 kinds of heavy metals and trace elements were 0-200 μg/L（r≥0.996 5）； the quantitative limit was 0.003 41-75.485 μg/L and the detection limit was      0.001 1-24.350 0 μg/L. RSDs of precision， stability and repeatability tests were all less than 7％； average recovery was 72.3％- 129.1％ （RSD was 0.9％-9.4％， n＝6）. The content of Al was 0.01-123 220.20 mg/kg， and Al was the element with the highest content. Li， Na， Mg， K， Ca， V， Mn， Fe， Co， Ni， Zn， Ga， Se， Rb， Sr， Ba and U were the principal components of trace elements and could be used as characteristic elements； 26 batches of Halloysitum Album samples could be grouped into 4 categories. CONCLUSIONS： The established method is simple， fast and highly sensitive， can improve the precision and accuracy of test results， and it is suitable for the determination of heavy metals and trace elements in Halloysitum album.

Objective:To establish the normal values of water-perfused high resolution esophageal manometry (HREM)(GAP-36A) at resting period, water swallowing, semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing in Chinese population.Methods:From September 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020, 91 healthy volunteers receiving water-perfused HREM (GAP-36A) at resting period, water swallowing, semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing were selected from 9 hospitals (Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University; the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; the Second Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; the First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China; Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University; the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University and the First People′s Hospital of Yichang). Parameters included the position of the upper and lower edges of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the length of the LES and UES, the position of the pressure inversion point (PIP), the resting pressure of UES and LES and swallow-related parameters such as the distal contraction integral (DCI), 4 s integrated relaxation pressure (IRP), distal latency (DL) and UES residual pressure. One-way analysis of variance, post-hoc test and sum rank test were used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 87 healthy volunteers were enrolled, including 40 males and 47 females, aged (38.5±14.2) years old (ranged from 19 to 65 years old). The position of the upper and lower edges of the LES was (42.7±2.8) and (45.6±2.8) cm, respectively, the length of the LES was (2.9±0.4) cm, and the position of PIP was (43.3±2.8) cm. The position of the upper and lower edges of the UES was (18.1±3.0) and (22.6±2.0) cm, respectively, and the length of the UES was (4.8±1.0) cm. The resting pressure of LES and UES was (17.4±10.7) and (84.1±61.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), respectively. The DCI value at solid swallowing was higher than those at water swallowing and semisolid swallowing ((2 512.4±1 448.0) mmHg·s·cm vs. (2 183.2±1 441.2) and (2 150.8±1 244.8) mmHg·s·cm), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-4.30 and -3.74, both P<0.001). The values of 4 s IRP at semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing were lower than that at water swallowing ((4.6±4.1) and (4.9±3.9) mmHg vs. (5.4±3.9) mmHg), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.38 and 2.09, P=0.001 and 0.037). The DL at water swallowing was shorter than those at semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing ((8.5±1.8) s vs. (9.8±2.2) and (10.6±2.8) s), and the DL at semisolid swallowing was shorter than that at solid swallowing, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-10.21, -13.91 and -4.68, all P<0.001). The UES residual pressure at water swallowing was higher than those at semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing (9.5 mmHg, 6.5 to 12.3 mmHg vs. 8.0 mmHg, 4.5 to 11.7 mmHg and 5.5 mmHg, 2.0 to 9.3 mmHg), and the UES residual pressure at semisolid swallowing was higher than that at solid swallowing, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.48, 10.30 and 6.35, all P<0.001). Conclusions:The normal values of water-perfused HREM (GAP-36A) in Chinese population at resting period, water swallowing, semisolid swallowing and solid swallowing can provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment for patients receiving water-perfused HREM examination.

Objectiveto investigate the differential expression of intestinal flora and serum metabolites and potential biomarkers in patients with pre-diabetic sputum syndrome. MethodA total of 34 patients with pre-diabetic sputum syndrome were included as the phlegm syndrome group，and 37 healthy people were selected as the normal group. Serum and fecal samples of the two groups were collected，and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） non-targeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology were used to detect serum metabolites and different intestinal flora of the two groups and explore the relationship among pre-diabetic sputum syndrome，serum metabolites，and intestinal flora. ResultIn the distribution of disease syndrome elements in the phlegm syndrome group，the first five disease syndrome elements in terms of frequency and proportion were dampness （73.53%），Qi stagnation （58.82%），Yin deficiency （50.00%），blood stasis （41.18%），and heat （35.29%）. According to the frequency and proportion of disease location syndrome elements，the first three main disease location syndrome elements were spleen （100.00%），liver （41.18%），and kidney （23.53%）. The results of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that there were 44 different intestinal flora between the two groups. In order genus，there were significant differences in Bifidobacterium，Veillonococcus，and Roseococcus between the two groups （P<0.05）. The diversity，abundance，and evenness of intestinal flora in the phlegm syndrome group were lower than those in the normal group，with the difference not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the community structure between two groups. The results of serum metabolomics showed that there were 13 differential metabolites in the two groups，which were mainly concentrated in amino acid metabolism，bile secretion，bile acid biosynthesis，and lipid metabolism （P<0.05）. The correlation among differential metabolites，intestinal flora，and syndrome elements was analyzed，and the results showed that ① lysine was positively correlated with spleen，Yin deficiency，and blood stasis，while taurocholic acid was positively correlated with liver，kidney，blood stasis，and dampness，and there was a positive correlation between taurocholic acid and yin deficiency and heat. The taurochenodeoxycholic acid was positively correlated with liver and dampness，and there was a negative correlation between arachidonic acid and dampness，as well as a positive correlation between glucose and spleen and blood stasis. ② Clostridium was positively correlated with spleen，kidney，Yin deficiency，and Qi stagnation. Rosepiella was negatively correlated with spleen，and Sutterella was negatively correlated with dampness. Bacteroides was negatively correlated with the spleen and kidney，and Bifidobacterium was negatively correlated with the spleen and dampness. ③ Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with glycine，threonine，lysine，and deoxycholic acid significantly，negatively correlated with cholic acid significantly，and positively correlated with taurochenodeoxycholic acid and pyruvic acid. Clostridium was positively correlated with glycine significantly and positively correlated with threonine and lysine. Lachnospira was negatively correlated with glycine，threonine，and pyruvic acid. Lysine was also negatively correlated with Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium ventriosum and positively correlated with Megamonas. There was a positive correlation between taurocholic acid and glycine bile acid and Campylobacter，between taurochenodeoxycholic acid and Veillonococcus，and between glucose and Rosepiella and Eubacterium ventriosum. There was a negative correlation between pyruvic acid and Escheria-Shigella and between taurochenodeoxycholic acid and Prevotella. Conclusionthere are differences in intestinal flora and serum metabolites between patients with pre-diabetic sputum syndrome and healthy people. The intestinal flora and metabolites have been disturbed in the stage of pre-diabetes，Bifidobacterium，Clostridium，Lachnospira，glycine，threonine，and lysine may be the breakthrough to explore the development of pre-diabetic sputum syndrome.