0.05 . In combined test, the combined OR= 3.164 , OR = 3.209 and its 95% confidence interval was in 1.390 ～ 7.200 and 1.747 ～ 5.900 , respectively. CONCLUSION: The case fatality rates in combination group were significantly lower than those in single somatostain group. The efficacy of combination group was superior to that of single somatostain group.

Objective To seek the specific receptors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) adhesion by separating the binding protein of the HBV preS1 region in HepG2 and performing the mass spectrometry .Methods The immunomagnetic bead method was adopted to separate HepG2 membrane protein combined with preS1 peptide fragment and the binding protein was separated by the sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) ,then the destination strips was analyzed by LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry and retrieved by the database .Results 16 bands were separated from HepG2 membrane proteins combined with preS1 by SDS-PAGE ;14 kinds of proteins were identified from 6 bands with better repeatability separated from HepG 2 membrane proteins combined with preS1 .Conclusion Protein analyzed by the mass spectrometry is mainly related with the material transport , cellular signal transduction ,antigen presentation ,immune regulation and energy metabolism .

BACKGROUND: The special genetic law of short tandem repeat on chromosome X (X-STR) makes it incomparable with autosome markers in forensic identification. However, the population genetics data is far less than that of the autosome STR, and especially the haplotype data are rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To study the genetic polymorphism of 12 X-STR loci in Shenzhen area by pedigree analysis, aiming to provide scientific and effective data for the application of X-STR in forensic medicine and genetics. METHODS: The blood samples of 118 families were taken to extract DNA by Chelex-100, followed by PCR amplification using Investigator Argus X-12 kit. The frequency of alleles of 231 unrelated individuals was counted by direct counting method and Excel software. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test was performed on 12 X-STR loci of female samples by chi-square test. Discrimination power and mean exclusion chance were calculated according to the formula. Pedigree analysis was done to identify haplotypes of female samples and the haplotype frequencies of 4 linkage groups in 111 fathers and 119 mothers were calculated using direct counting method and Excel software.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In this study, 349 haplotypes were obtained. There were 238, 139, 153 and 157 haplotypes in linkage groups X1-X4, respectively. The polymorphism of DXS10135 locus was the highest with 21 alleles,while the polymorphism of DXS7423 locus was the worst with only 4 alleles. The combined discrimination power was 0.99999999 in males and 0.99999999 in females. The combined mean exclusion chance was 0.99999999 in trio cases,and 0.99999811 in duo cases. These findings indicate that the X-12 detection system has high polymorphism in Shenzhen Han population, and has important application value in forensic individual identification and paternity testing.

Objective To analyze the dialysis adequacy of the maintenance hemodialysis patients under different dialyzate flow.Methods Forty-eight patients under maintenance hemodialysis were divided into four groups according to dialyzate flow:500 ml/min group,600 ml/min group,700 ml/min group and 800 ml/min group,with 12 patients in each group.Each group was treated 6 weeks.The albumin (Alb),hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(Hct),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine(SCr) and parathyroid hormone(iPTH) levels before and after treatment were examined,Kt/V and urea reduction ratio(URR) were calculated separately.Results There was no significant difference in Kt/V between 500 ml/min group and 600 ml/min group.Kt/V was no increased when the dialyzate flow rate increased from 500 ml/min to 600 ml/min,that was to say they could not improve the dialysis adequacy.There was statistically significant difference in Kt/V among 500 ml/min group,600 ml/min group,700 ml/min group and 800 ml/min group,and 800 ml/min group on the dialysis adequacy was better.Different dialyzate flow on the impact of the dialysis adequacy was compared in self-control method.Kt/V increased along with the increase of dialyzate flow,and the dialysis adequacy and dialyzate flow showed positive correlation.Conclusion The high dialyzate flow of dialysis treatment can improve Kt/V and has significant effect in enhancing the dialysis adequacy.

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) with limited karyocytes is mainly used in child patients. Recently, physicians have tried to mix two units of cord blood in the treatment of adults with hematological system diseases.OBJECTIVE: To monitor quantitatively the dynamic changes and the development rules of engraftment, chimera types and relative amount after allogeneic transplantation of mixed UCB from two units in adults with leukemia.DESIGN: Donors and the recipient were regarded as observational subjects in umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). DNA extracted from blood samples of donors and the recipient before and after transplantation was considered as detecting samples. Short tandem repeat (STR) loci were as observational measures.SETTING: Key Laboratory of Immunology and Genetics of Institute of Transfusion Medicine of Shenzhen Blood Center.PARTICIPANT: A 43-year male patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 75 kg, who was hospitalized at Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University, was enrolled in June 2005. The patient received two units of human leucocyte antigen (HLA), one locus mismatched unrelated UCBT (2.5×107 kg-1 karyocytes in UCB 1, and 1.53×107 kg-1 karyocytes in UCB 2) at month 6 after complete remission from first chemotherapy. UCB was collected from Guangzhou umbilical cord blood bank. The patient signed the informed consent.METHODS: The adult with AML received two units of HLA, one locus mismatched unrelated UCBT (2.5×107 kg-1 karyocytes in UCB 1, and 1.53×107 kg-1 karyocytes in UCB 2). Nine STR loci of the blood sample were determined before and after transplantation by quantitative technique of fluorescence labeling with multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPCR), while the engraftment and chimera types were qualitatively evaluated by comparing differential loci between the recipient and the donors. The relative amount of two units of UCB was calculated in the patient after transplantation according to the differential gene peak areas of two donors with 377XL DNA sequencer after fluorescence scanning. The engraftment level and the development rules of donors' cells were analyzed quantitatively. In addition, the results were also compared with that of HLA loci distinct analysis for engraftment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After UCBT, transition process of nine STR loci of the recipient and two donors was observed, and engraftment was quantitatively and qualitatively described.RESULTS: Two units of UCB at day 15 after transplantation were engrafted simultaneously and revealed a complete chimera of the two. The relative amounts of UCB 1 and UCB 2 were 51.3% and 48.7%, respectively. Subsequently, UCB 1 went up to 70.0% and UCB 2 declined to 30.0% at day 30. However, only the genotype of UCB 1 was detected at day 52, and engraftment turned to a complete chimera of a single donor. The one with fewer karyocytes was rejected and the one with more karyocytes was engrafted for a long term.CONCLUSION: To detect quantitatively STR chimera with fluorescence labeling and MPCR can show precisely the engraftment level and the change of two units of UCB. It provides an accurate and reliable experimental basis for clinical UCB application and donor selection. It is proved that adult transplantation at the same time with mixed UCB from two units HLA one locus mismatched unrelated donors is feasible.

Objective To explore the surgical technique and analyze the clinical efficacy of tubular stomach reconstruction via the posterior mediastinal approach after Iovr-Lewis radical resection of esophageal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 63 patients with middle-lower esophageal cancer who were admitted to the First People's Hospital of Chengdu between April 2013 and April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent Iovr-Lewis radical resection of esophageal cancer and tubular stomach reconstruction via the posterior mediastinal approach.Video-assisted minithoracotomy (VAMT) was used for anastomosis of esophagus-gastric tube at the top of thorax after laparoscopic abdominal surgery, and then tubular stomach reconstruction via the posterior mediastinal approach was performed by placing gastric tube in the esophageal bed and closing the posterior mediastinal pleura.Patients received regular perioperative treatment.Intraoperative record included operation time, volume of blood loss, volume of blood transfusion and lymph nodes dissection.Postoperative anastomotic leakage was detected by observing thoracic drainage, symptoms of fever, chest pain and elevated hemogram, recovery of intestinal function and closed thoracic drainage-tube removal time.Follow-up was performed by telephone interview and outpatient examination up to April 2015, including with or without normal food intake, gastroesophageal reflux and tumor progression.Results All the patients underwent successful IovrLewis radical resection of esophageal cancer using tubular stomach reconstruction via the posterior mediastinal approach without perioperative death and intraoperative blood transfusion.The average operation time, average volume of intraoperative blood loss and average number of lymph nodes dissected were 230 minutes, 300 mL and 16, respectively.Patients received gastric tube removal at postoperative day 2 with a good condition of tubular stomach by CT examination.The average time of postoperative gastrointestinal tract recovery was 3 days.Patients took fluid diet at postoperative day 3-4, soft diet at postoperative day 7 and regular diet at postoperative day 10-12.Two patients complicated with slight pulmonary infection were cured by conventional treatment.The closed thoracic drainage-tube removal time was 4 days.All the patients were followed up for a median time of 8 months (range,1-24 months) with regular diet intake and without perioperative death, tumor recurrence, severe gastroesophageal reflux and other complications.Conclusions Iovr-Lewis radical resection of esophageal cancer using tubular stomach reconstruction via the posterior mediastinal approach is safe and feasible, with the advantages of preventing the esophageal anastomotic fistula, reducing postoperative pulmonary infection and promoting early diet intake and enhancing postoperative recovery of patients.

Objective To explore the climacteric women's mental health status and its influencing factors,and cognition of relevant knowledge about climacteric period.Methods A stratified-cluster sampling method was used to survey with questionnaire 2 500 perimenopausal women aged 40-60 years in 6 districts of Xi'an City.Results ① Of a total of 2 023 individuals,the mean age was 47.38?5.429 years,the average menarche age was 14.31?1.74 years(9-19 years),and the average natural menopause age was 48.9?3.54 years.② Half of the women investigated were worried about their children's education,work,marriage,ecomomic status and housing,and more than half of the women investigated had insufficient knowledge about climacteric period.③ The incidence of climacteric syndromes was 54.9%.There were significant differences between different age group and occupation group(?2=226.14,P

OBJECTIVE To identify the antibiotic resistance,homology and the carbapenemases determinants of imipenem-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from elderly in the Zhejiang Hospital.METHODS All 142 strains of A.baumannii were isolated from Zhejiang Hospital through Jan 2005 to Jan 2007.K-B method was used to screen imipenem-resistant strains.The MICs of imipenem-resistant strains to 14 antimicrobial agents were determined by agar dilution method.The homology of these isolates was analyzed by pulse-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).The coding genes of carbapenamases and the gene environments were investigated by PCR,clone,and sequencing.RESULTS Ninety-seven strains of imipenem-resistant A.baumannii were isolated from 142 strains.All of the strains of carbapenem resistant A.baumannii belonged to 4 epidemic PFGE-clones.Ninety carbapenem resistant strains contained OXA-23-like carbapenemase gene and 91 isolates were positive for OXA-51-like gene. OXA-23-like gene of 86 strains was just on the down-stream of insert sequence ISAba1.OXA-51-like gene of 6 strains had an ISAba1 sequence just on the up-stream.CONCLUSIONS All imipenem-resistant strains of A.baumannii are pan-resistant isolates.Clone dissemination is the most important style of strains spread.No OXA-24-like,OXA-58like,IMP-like,and VIM-like gene are detected.OXA-23-like and OXA-51-like gene are the most popular carbapenemases coding genes of these strains in the Zhejiang Hospital.ISAba1 has close relationship with OXA type carbapenemases genes in Zhejiang Hospital.

BACKGROUND: The judgment of the engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells after transplantation mainly depends on various genetic labeling in vivo, which are different in sensitivity and effectiveness, thus a method with powerful differential ability, high sensitivity and not restricted by sex is to be established.OBJECTIVE: To observe the DNA genetic loci of short tandem repeat in the blood samples of both donors and recipients before allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and those of recipients at different time points after transplantation.DESIGN: An observation measurement.SETTING: Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Shenzhen Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Shenzhen Blood Center.PARTICIPANTS: Blood samples of 18 pairs of donors and recipients, who were successfully matched and accepted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, were selected from the Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Shenzhen Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Shenzhen Blood Center from February 2004 to December 2005. Among the 18 patients, there were 10 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 35 years old, including 6 cases of them were donated by relatives with blood relationship, and 12 cases by volunteers without blood relationship. Informed consents were obtained from all the participants.METHODS: The blood samples of both donors and recipients before transplantation and the blood samples of recipients after transplantation were collected, and the fluorescence labeling short tandem repeat technique was used to detect the 15 loci for short tandem repeat and Amelogenin sex locus, so that the differential loci between the donor and recipient could be screened. The engraftment and dynamic changes of the short tandem repeat genes of the donors in the recipients after transplantation were observed, the times for the earliest occurrences of short tandem repeat genes of the donors and the complete chimerism were recorded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Differential genes between the donors and recipients before transplantation;②Times for the earliest occurrences of short tandem repeat genes of the donors and the complete chimerism.RESULTS: All the 18 pairs of donors and recipients were involved in the final analysis of results. Satisfactory results of the typing at the 15 loci for short tandem repeat and 1 sex locus in the 18 pairs of samples of both donors and recipients before transplantation and the sample of the recipients after transplantation respectively. Averagely 12.4 (8-15) differential loci for short tandem repeat could be distinguished between the donors and recipients. ②After transplantation, short tandem repeat genes could be detected the earliest at 8 (5-14) days averagely, It took 14 (9-23) days averagely for short tandem repeat loci to convert from recipient type completely into donor type, and the engraftment converted from the recipient chimerism types completely into the donor types.CONCLUSION: The fluorescence labeling compound amplification of short tandem repeat technique can precisely measure the number of PCR products, describe the engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells and the whole process of development. It can also provide accurate and timely information for the early judgement of engraftment, predicting failure of transplantation and controlling recurrence.

BACKGROUND:The internal structures of the colagen-heparan sulfate scaffold and human nerve are very similar. OBJECTIVE: To explore thein vivo biocompatibility of colagen-heparin sulfate scaffold. METHODS:Forty pigs were randomly divided into two groups, 20 in each group: observation group and control group. Medulo-puncture needle was inserted 1.0 cm adjacent to the midline of anterior fontanele into the subarachnoid space, and then removed gradualy. Colagen-heparin sulfate scaffold was implanted into the observation group, and no treatment was given in the control group. Brain tissues were observed under transmission electron microscope, and cel apoptosis and Caspase-3 expression were detected at days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the electron microscope, there were some damaged neurons in the observation group with the emergence of demyelination changes in the myelinated nerve fibers; positiveexpression of Caspase-3 protein was found at the junction between the brain tissue and scaffold as wel as within the scaffold, but no positive expression was found in the surrounding tissue. There was no cel apoptosis within 30 days after surgery except for individual apoptotic neurons both in the observation group and control group. The number of apoptotic cels in the observation group was higher than that in the control group at days 1, 3, 7, 14 days after surgery (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups at 30 days after surgery (P > 0.05). Caspase-3 protein expression was at a low state in the two groups, but the protein expression of Caspase-3 was higher in the observation group than the control group at days 3 and 7 after surgery (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the colagen heparin sulfate scaffold has good biocompatibility in the porcine brain.