Tumor markers have been of vital importance in cancer diagnosis and treatment.However,the sensitivity of tumor markers for early diagnosis is low and can not be widely used.Quantum dots are new fluorescent nanoparticles with unique photophysical and chemical properties,thus having a great potential impact on cancer pathogenesis,early diagnosis,targeted therapy,prognosis and monitoring by combining with tumor marker.The current research is focused on the detection of specific tumor markers or molecules based on tangible carriers such as cells and tissues.One of the most promising clinical applications would be to explore the potential of this highly sensitive labeling technique for the detecting and imagining of tumor markers in serum and other body fluids,where some progress has already been made recently.How to detect early cancer based solely on invisible carriers would be the next step of quantum dots bio-probes in clinical use,so as to develop a new detection technique with greater sensitivity,specificity,rapidity and convenience.

BACKGROUND:Airborne pollen is the most important factor to induce the seasonal allergic diseases.The production and dispersal of pollen are closely correlated with the meteorological factors.OBJECTIVE:To observe the correlation between the seven meteorological factors (air pressure,air temperature,humidity,precipitation,wind speed,evaporation capacity and sunshine) and the airborne pollen in Nanchang so as to provide theoretic evidences for preventing and treating anaphylactic disease in that region.DESIGN:Observational experiment. SETTING:Department of Allergic Reaction,Jiangxi Medical College.MATERIALS:An investigation on airbome pollen was performed for a year by Durham gravity method.Data of airborne pollen and the seven meteorological factors in urban area of Nanchang city were collected.METHODS:The top of the 4th experimental building in the southern yard of Jiangxi Medical College located in the center of Nanchang city was taken as exposed point.The pollen was surveyed by Durham gravity method from April 1st,2000 to March 31 st,2001.Meteorological data of the seven factors were collected every day and supplied by the Weather Bureau of Jiangxi Province.The correlation between meteorological factors and airborne pollen was analyzed by the multivariate Jinear stepwise regression analysis with SAS 6.12.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The type,amount,seasonal distribution of airborne pollen and the correlation between the seven meteorological factors and the airborne pollen in urban area of Nanchang city. RESULTS:There were airborne pollens in Nanchang city all the year round,which included about 47 types.The main pollen season of Cupressaceae was in March,Pinaceae in March and April, and Cunninghamia R.Br in March,Chenopodium-Amaranthus and Ambrosia from August to November, Artemisia from September to November and Humulus in September.Gramineae had been scattering all seasons but mostly from June to October.In the correlation analysis between dispersal of airbome pollen and seven meteorological factors, multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis was conducted in some major polien counting in steady dispersal period and seven meteorological factors. The positive correlation was found in Pinaceae with air pressure,air temperature,wind speed and sunlight,and the negative correlation was found with precipitation and evaporation capacity.The positive correlation was found in Cupressaceae with air pressure,air temperature and sunlight,and negative correlation was found with humidity,precipitation,wind speed and evaporation capacity.The positive correlation was found in Ambrosia with air pressure,air temperature and wind speed,while negative correlation was found with humidity,precipitation,evaporation capacity and sunshine.The positive correlation was found in Artemisia with air pressure,air temperature and wind speed,while negative correlation was found with humidity,precipitation, evaporation capacity and sunshine.The positive correlation was found in Gramineae with air pressure and air temperature,while negative correlation was found with humidity,precipitation and evaporation capacity.However,if using count of total pollen in a year or half a year to analyze the relationship,the correlated factors were much fewer than that mentioned above.CONCLUSION:The dispersal of airborne pollen is related with the seven meteorological factors.It is better to use the grain amount of single pollen in its main pollen season to analyze the relationship with meteorological factors.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of the accessory breast cancer with breast cancer.Methods Five patients with accessory breast cancer were admitted,among of them,1 case with breast cancer,and their documents were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 5 cases,1 case underwent modified radical mastectomy,the other 4 cases underwent accessory breast enlarged resection and axillary lymph node dissection.They all received chemotherapy and radiotherapy and 1 case received tamoxifen therapy.Four cases were followed up for 2 years,there was no recurrence and metastasis,1 case was received CAP sequenced chemotherapy.Conclusions Accessory breast cancer is rare but aggressive.The diagnosis is mainly depended on imaging results and postoperative pathology.Combined therapy principle dominated by surgery should be followed.The operation of accessory breast enlarged resection and axillary lymph node dissection should be indicated.

Aim To explore the therapeutic effects of 3′-daidzein sulfonate sodium(DSS) on isolated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the relation of its mechanism to anti-oxidation.Methods An isolated rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury was made,and the injury was treated with DSS.Following the treatment,the coronary blood flow levels,left ventricular systolic pressure,and activities of enzymes(LDH,SOD,GSH-Px) were measured.Results After treatment,the isolated myocardial tissue showed an increase in the volume of perfusion and an increase in the enzymatic activities of LDH,SOD,GSH-Px in the myocardial tissue.Conclusion DSS has a therapeutic effect on isolated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury because it enhances anti-oxidative activity in myocardial tissue.

Objective To observe the protective effects of genistein sodium sulfonate(GSS)on mice chronic hepatic injury in-duced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4 )and its influence on the protein expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)in liver tissue.Methods 60 SPF grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,in-cluding the control group,model group,low and high doses GSS groups,and positive control group,12 cases in each group.Except for the control group,the other 4 groups were intra peritoneally injected by 10 % CCl4 with a volume of 0.1 mL/10 g for 6 weeks. The mice chronic liver injury was prepared.At the same time,the high and low doses DSS groups were given the different doses of GSS(0.30,0.10 mg/kg),the positive control group was given bifendate(DDB,2.5mg/kg),the control group and the model group were given the equal volume of normal saline for 6 consecutive weeks.The AST and ALT activity was detect and the ratio of ALT/AST was calculated;the Western blot method was used to detect the expression levels ofα7nAChR and IL-1βprotein in liver.Re-sults The serum levels of ALT and AST in the model group were increased obviously,and the expression level ofα7nAChR in the liver tissue was decreased,while the expression level of IL-1βwas increased;after the GSS treatment,the serum AST and ALT lev-els were significantly lower than those in the model group(P <0.05),while the expression level ofα7nAChR was increased (P <0.01)and the expression level of IL-1βwas decreased(P <0.05).Conclusion GSS might increase the expression ofα7nAChR in injured liver tissue,activates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,thus decreases the expression of inflammatory cytokines and antagonizes the mice chronic liver injury by inhibiting the inflammatory reaction.

Objective To explore the evolution and treatment of traumatic subdural effusion(TSE).Methods The clinicsl materials of 66 patients with TSE were analyzed retrospectively.Results 53 patients were cured with comervative therapy,and other patients were evolved into chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH).8 patients with CSDH were cured with surgery and others with conservative therapy.Conclusion Patients with TSE don't need surgery,and then patients with clinical characteristics will be operated when TSE evolves into CSDH.

OBJECTIVETo research the isolation method, identification and screen for bioactivities endophytic fungi from ginkgo.

METHODEndophytic fungi from ginkgo were separated. By means of microdilution method, activities of endophytes against pathogenic fungi were tested. Then, using DPPH, the antioxidant activities were measured.

RESULTNine strains (16.1%) showed antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus fumigatus. Among these bioactive strains, the growth of T. rubrum was strongly inhibited by T-1-2-1, as the MIC80 was equal to fluconazole, the positive control. Five strains (8.9%) showed antioxidant activities. Among them sample T-3-2-2 and T-6-5-7 showed the strongest antioxidant activities.

CONCLUSIONEndophytic fungi of ginkgo would be potential and rich resources for drug development.

Antifungal Agents ; pharmacology ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; drug effects ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; drug effects ; Fluconazole ; pharmacology ; Fungi ; chemistry ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; microbiology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Trichophyton ; drug effects

Objective:To investigate the relationship between triglyceride glucos (TyG), C-reaction protein/albumin (CRP/Alb), 25-hydroxy vitamin D[25(OH)D] and the prognosis of patients with continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).Methods:A total of 220 CAPD patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2017 to March 2020 were prospectively selected and divided into death group and survival group according to the 6-month prognosis. The peritoneal urea clearance index (Kt/V urea), TyG, CRP/Alb, 25(OH)D were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the prognostic factors of CAPD patients. The predictive value of TyG, CRP/Alb and 25(OH)D on the prognosis of CAPD patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results:After 3 months and 6 months of dialysis, the peritoneal Kt/V urea in the death group [(1.21±0.18)ml/(s·1.73 m 2), (1.02±0.14)ml/(s·1.73 m 2)] was significantly lower than that in the survival group [(1.57±0.40)ml/(s·1.73 m 2), (1.49±0.42)ml/(s·1.73 m 2)] (all P<0.05). After 3 months and 6 months of dialysis, the TyG [(8.79±0.86), (9.24±1.03)] and CRP/Alb [(4.98±0.94)×10 -4, (5.14±1.39)×10 -4] in the death group were higher than those in the survival group [(8.03±0.60), (7.26±0.93), (3.57±1.19)×10 -4, (3.07±0.88)×10 -4], while the 25(OH)D [(19.14±2.29)ng/ml, (17.79±3.17)ng/ml] was lower than that of survival group [(22.67±3.03)ng/ml, (24.31±2.51)ng/ml] (all P<0.05). TyG and CRP/Alb at 3 months and 6 months of dialysis were negatively correlated with Kt/V urea, while the 25(OH)D was positively correlated with Kt/V urea (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that Kt/Vurea, TyG, CRP/Alb and 25(OH)D were associated with prognosis in the two groups after 3 and 6 months of dialysis (all P<0.05). The AUC of TyG, CRP/Alb and 25(OH)D at 6 months of dialysis combined to predict the prognosis of CAPD patients was the highest, which was 0.911. Conclusions:TyG, CRP/Alb and 25(OH)D are associated with all-cause mortality in CAPD patients. High TyG and CRP/Alb and low 25(OH)D suggest a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Combined detection of all indicators can effectively predict the prognosis of CAPD, which is convenient for early clinical intervention.

Objective:To explore the sex-based heterogeneity in demographic and pathological trends of lung cancer during the past 30 years.Methods:Patients with primary lung cancer who received surgical treatment in the Department of thoracic surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University from 1989 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The differences between male and female patients in age, smoking history, pathological stage and type were compared. Mann- Kendall trend test was performed for trend analysis. Results:A total of 58 433 patients were included in this study, encompassing 30 729(52.6%) men and 27 , 704(47.4%) women. Compared with male patients, female patients were younger(56.0 years old vs. 59.7 years old), and had a higher proportion of non-smokers(98.3% vs. 52.3%), stage Ⅰ lung cancers(60.6% vs. 49.3%), and adenocarcinoma(93.7% vs. 56.1%, all P-values <0.001). Trend analyses revealed that the proportion of female patients increased year by year, and surpassed males in 2015, with the current ratio of male to female being 1∶1.5. After 2013, the age of onset in females was getting younger, and the average age decreased from 58.7 years old to 54.7 years old( P=0.02). The decrease in the proportion of smoking patients was mainly reflected by male patients(from 68.5% to 31.1%, P<0.01). Stage Ⅰ lung cancers in male and females outnumbered advanced stage in 2012 and 2010, respectively, with a much higher proportion in female patients. Among male patients, adenocarcinoma has replaced squamous cell carcinoma as the most common pathological type since 2012, while in female patients adenocarcinoma remained the most common pathological type of lung cancer, and its proportion continued to increase reaching over 98%. Conclusion:A dramatic change in gender distribution was noticed during the past 30 years. Female patients became the primary population in surgically-treated lung cancers, with a trend of getting younger. The proportion of smokers and squamous cell carcinoma decreased significantly in male patients, and adenocarcinoma has become the most common pathological type of lung cancer. The proportion of stage Ⅰ lung cancers was on a dramatic rise, with the popularization of CT screening for lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the high risk factors of adult complex appendicitis, and to provide a reference for the development of a reasonable treatment strategy for acute appendicitis. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted to collect clinical data of 312 adult patients with acute appendicitis confirmed by pathology undergoing appendectomy, including open and laparoscopic surgery, from May 2011 to August 2016 at Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Age <14 years old, pregnant women, complicating abscess around the appendix, AIDS, blood system diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disease or progressive cancer patients were excluded. According to the intra-operative findings and pathological types, patients were divided into complex appendicitis(112 cases, including gangrene and perforation) and non-complex appendicitis (200 cases, including simple and non-perforated appendicitis, ie suppurative appendicitis). After comparing the clinical data of these two groups, statistically significant variables were induded for multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors of complex appendicitis, and to establish a regression model. Enter method was applied to establish the regression equation: P=ExpiΣBiXi/1+ExpΣBiXi, and to calculate the relative risk of each variable. Meanwhile, retrospective and prospective verification was performed on this predictive model (cases of acute appendicitis from September 2016 to December 2017 were further collected). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of complex appendicitis were calculated with the regression model. RESULTS: Comparison of the clinical data between the complex appendicitis group and the non-complex appendicitis group showed that differences of 10 preoperative indexes were statistically significant, including period from abdominal pain to admission [(59.1±42.6) hours vs. (47.5±34.4) hours, t=3.051, P=0.002], white blood cell count [(12.9±3.7)×10/L vs. (9.2±4.0)×10/L, t=9.755, P<0.001], neutrophil count [(9.8±4.0)× 10/L vs.(7.1±3.9)×10/L, t=6.020, P<0.001], neutrophil percentage[(84.5±8.7)% vs.(68.2±16.0)%, t=12.754, P<0.001], C-reactive protein levels [(86.0±45.4) μg/L vs. (55.9±35.8) μg/L, t=7.614, P<0.001], serum albumin levels [(334.0±4.8) g/L vs. ( 41.0±4.3) g/L, t=16.055, P<0.001], vomiting ratio [44.6%(50/112) vs. 23.5%(47/200), χ²=14.980, P<0.001], high fever(≥39°C) ratio [16.1%(18/112) vs. 7.5%(15/200), χ²=5.577, P=0.022], the proportion of patients ≥60 years old [22.3%(25/112) vs. 13.0%(26/200), χ²=4.562, P=0.038] and previous history of appendicitis [16.1%(18/112) vs. 7.5%(15/200), χ²=5.577, P=0.022]. The above 10 variables were included in the logistic regression model for multivariate analysis. The results showed that six variables were associated with complex appendicitis. According to their strength, they were old age (≥60 years old) X1(OR=5.094), high fever (≥39°C) X2(OR=4.464), neutrophil count X6 (OR=1.269), neutrophil percentage X4 (OR=1.077), C-reactive protein level X5 (OR=1.027), and serum albumin level X3 (OR=0.763). A predictive regression model was established: P=1/[1+e], whose sensitivity and specificity of judging complex appendicitis were 76.8%(86/112) and 90.0%(180/200),respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for predictive value of complex appendicitis in further prospective validation of the model were 76.2%(48/63) and 81.1% (30/37), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Age ≥ 60 years old, body temperature ≥39°C, increased neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage and C-reactive protein levels, and hypoalbuminemia are risk factors for complex appendicitis. The establishment of predictive model may help determine complex appendicitis.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Appendicitis ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Middle Aged ; Models, Statistical ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors