Acute intermittent visible fluorescent light was used as an experimental light source (18175?300lux, 1 hour dark: 1 hour light, 3 cycles). After light exposure, the myeloperoxidase activity (MDA) levels increased in rat retina, and the retinal structure and blood-retinal barrier were damaged. When 2 doses of anisodaminum (10 mg/Kg) were given 12 hours and just before light exposure, MDA levels lowered and the retinal structure was protected.

Objective To assess the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(mPCNL) in the treatment of solitary kidney calculi.Method Thirty-eight patients with solitary kidney calculi,treated with mPCNL from Jan 1998 to May 2004,were retrospectively investigated.Results Of 38 cases,there was 6 cases with pyonephrosis and 32 cases with the treatment of one stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy.With the treatment of 1 to 3 tract was used for calculus removed in all cases,a total of 86% stone-free rate was achieved.Only one case with pyonephrosis suffered from postoperative infection shock while one stage minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed.Another one patient with diabetes suffered from postoperative ketoacidosis and no major complications were noted in other patients.Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective in the treatment of solitary kidney calculi.

The injectable calcium phosphate material is present to solve the clinical bone defects of bone tissue and the potential to undermine the ideal substitute. But the properties and biological evaluation are still to be improved. Therefore,the material of the academic community and the academic orthopedic bone cement was modified for a variety of studies,and the addition of strontium bone cement significantly improved the performance. The article indicated strontium-mixed calcium phosphate bone cement was characterizing by the compressive strength,the degradability,the hardening time,the solubility,the injection and the anti-water-solubility,suggesting the clinical practice of the strontium-mixed calcium phosphate bone cement. Prospectively,the strontium-mixed calcium phosphate bone cement may take in the bone tissue repair domain as a artificial bone substitution material.

Objective To establish an evaluation index system for access to ophthalmic surgery so as to standardize the access. Method Collect 14 ophthalmologists' recommendations on access criteria for ophthalmic surgery in two rounds of questionnaire survey by Delphi method. Results The return rate of rounds of consultation questionnaire was 93.33%, and the average expert authority coefficient was 0.78.Nine ophthalmic surgery access indicators were established. The coordination of expert coefficient was 0.521 after two consultation. It had significant difference ( P＜0.01 ). Conclusion The ophthalmic surgery access indicator system is highly credible and allows quantitative assessment of ophthalmic surgery from various aspects. It is more demanding for ophthalmologist, and gets more involvement of patients in the evaluation of ophthalmic surgery access. It could contribute to scientific and rational decision-making on access for ophthalmic surgery.

Objective To investigate,the significance of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration in subjects with various glucose tolerance and study the role of hs-CRP in patients of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus.Method All subjects in the study underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Determination of serum hs-CRP levels in normal glucose tolerance(NGT),IGT and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients were made by immunologic projective turbidimetry method.Results The levels of serum hs-CRP were (1.57 + 0.46) mg/L in NGT patients,(2.84 ±0.48) mg/L in IGT patients,and(4.18± 0.76) mg/L in T2DM patients.The levels of serum hs-CRP were positively correlated with body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose,OGTr 2 hPG,triglyceride,and total cholesterol.ConclusionsInflammation has already existed not only in T2DM patients but also in subjects with IGT.Inflammation might participate in the oeeurrance and development of T2DM.hs-CRP as an inflammator factor can be used to predict and monitor T2DM.

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in children with blood stream in-fection(BSI) in Beihai area .Methods The clinical data of children with blood stream infection from January 2013 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed .Results 95 .3% of BSI children patients were community acquired infection .The proportions of Gram-pos-itive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli were 53 .5% and 46 .5% respectively .The resistance rates of vancomycin and linezolid to Gram-positive cocci all were 0% ;which of piperacillin ,piperacillin/tazobactam ,cefepime and meropenem to Gram-negative bacilli were 9 .3% ,0 .0% ,9 .1% and 5 .0% respectively .Conclusion The proportion of Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli is basical-ly consistent .Vancomycin and linezolid can be used as the empiric medication of Gram-positive cocci BSI ;piperacillin ,piperacillin/tazobactam ,cefepime and meropenem and can be used as the empiric medication of Gram-negative bacilli BSI .

This paper aimed to analyse and review the literature of diagnosis and treatment of Chinese aphasia at home in recent years. The advanced brain imaging technology and events related potentials, besides the traditional neuropsychological check method, had been much more applicated and studied in the diagnostic research of Chinese aphasia at present, and in the future the check methods of Chinese aphasia showed diversification, systematic and standardized development. A large number of clinical reshearches tended to comprehensive treatment as the main approach for Chinese aphasia in a conclusion.

Objective To guide the botulinum toxin injections,the types of glabellar wrinkles and the corresponding muscle contraction patterns of aesthetic seeking patients were classified.Methods Sixty aesthetic seeking patients between 20 to 65 ages were selected randomly,whose glabellar wrinkles and muscle contraction patterns were classified and analyzed.Targeted injections of botulinum toxin were taken only within the muscles related to the wrinkles.Results Type‖accounts for 58.3％ (35/60),type ∪ accounts for 26.7％ (16/60),type ∩ accounts for 11.7％ (7/60),and type口accounts for 3.3％ (2/60).Muscle contraction receded 2 or 3 days after injection,reached optimum about 2 weeks,and then maintained 3 to 6 months.Higher satisfaction was obtained using classified injection methods.All objects achieved excellent results.Targeted injections of botulinum toxin on these muscles were able to achieve better clinical effects.Conclusions Using classified injection methods according to 4 types of aesthetic seeking patients’ glabellar wrinkles can achieve higher satisfaction.

Objectives:To test the effect of continuous care on rural hypertension control , we developed a com-prehensive intervention strategy and implemented a community-based quasi-experiment in Southwestern rural China.Methods:The intervention took place in Qianjiang District , Chongqing Municipality from July 2012 to June 2014.4 towns were randomly selected and categorized into 2 groups based on a comprehensive consideration of population and social development level.All the rural hypertension patients in treatment group were intervened with the Multi-institu-tional Continuous Pathway which was consisted of three parts:the Continuous Primary-Care Pathway , the Continuous Clinical Pathway and the Continuous Management Pathway.The patients in the control group served as a blank com-parison using the usual care.Difference-in-differences Model was used to test the effect of blood pressure control in treatment group.Results:853 patients were sampled and investigated using the stratified randomly sampling strategy and 712 of them had been followed up by the end of this program.The potential bias of pilot and patient selection were eliminated through control before and after the intervention.The previous blood pressure trends showed no statis-tically significant difference between groups.The systolic blood pressure in treatment group declined by 10.156 mm-Hg ( P<0.001 ) compared to control group after intervention , and the blood pressure control rate had increased by 27.6% ( P<0.001 ).Other contributing factors besides intervention were family structure , education level and med-ical service availability.Conclusion:The continuous care pathway have a significant marginal positive effect on hyper -tension control besides the national compulsory primary care , and the control rate change of blood pressure is more sen-sitive compared to blood pressure change.The potential contributing factors show that other intervention strategies could be developed to improve the rural hypertension control by adding to the social capital of rural patient , reinforcing the health education and facilitating the village transportation.

Objective To compare the cooling effect of ice compressing using the ice-bag packed by immobilization bag with that using the traditional way. Methods Choose 80 hyperpyretic patients who need ice compressing randomly. These ones were averagely and randomly divided into two groups: the observation group and the control group. Put the ice-bag into the self-designed immobilization bag in observation group and into the wrap as the schoolbook described in the control group, and then place it in the needed position for ice compressing. Results The nursing time was 4.50±2.40 minutes in the observation group while it was 15.52±9.54 minutes in the control group. Otherwise, the cooling effect of the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group. Conclusion Ice compressing with the ice-bag packed by immobilization bag was economical with time and effort, and it improved our nursing's efficiency with the cooling aim fulfilled.