Cerebral vasospasm is one of the most severe complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Its incidence is as high as 30-90%. It often causes severe regional cerebral ischemia or delayed ischemic brain damage, even resulting in cerebral infarction, and it thus becomes the primary cause of mortality and disability. In recent years, with the development of studies, people have realized that the oxyhemoglobin, inflammatory reaction, accumulation of vasoconstrictive substances, apoptosis, blood hypercoagulability and blood vessel cell proliferation play important roles in the development of cerebral vasospasm. Although its mechanism remains unclear, better effects have been achieved by using related treatment methods according to the available pathogenesis.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of the effect of Linweidihuang Pills on diabetic neuropathy in rat. Methods: The diabetic rats were induced by alloxan. Serum glucose was tested by glucose oxidase and sciatic nerve sorbitol was determined by GC. Results: After Liuweidihuang Pills,0.5～2g/kg taken orally for 3 months, the level of sciatic nervous sorbitol and serum glucose in rat decreased significantly and the results showed certain dose effect relationship.Conclusion: Liuweidihuang Pills can controll diabetic neuropathy by inhibiting sorbitol biosynthesis.

Based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical experience, traditional Chinese herbal drug toxicity has its own special connotation. From the perspective of history and logic, the different comprehension of toxicity between Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine was discussed after retracing the meaning of "drug toxicity" in traditional Chinese medicine. The authors suggest that it's not feasible to study the Chinese medicine coping mechanically and applying indiscriminately the concept and the research idea about modern drug toxicity since there is different understanding of "drug toxicity" between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Many control elements are involved in the use of traditional Chinese herbal drugs, and Chinese drug components and actions are complex as compared with Western drugs. More and more drugs with toxicity will be found due to the relativity of drug toxicity. Currently, the study of Chinese drug toxicity should pay more attention to the relation between the toxicity and Chinese drug nature, compatibility and the corresponding disease or syndrome pattern after making definition of Chinese drug toxicity and its connotation.

Apoptosis ; Humans ; Periodontitis ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the investigation outcome of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Ya'an city of Sichuan province,and to master the current situation of IDD in the whole city.Methods In 2009,according toCounties'Assessment Guideline in Sichuan for Implementing the Measure to Eliminate Iodine Deficiency Disorders,assessments were conducted.At county level,composite score was given to collected data of the eight counties(districts)and monitoring data of household iodized salt were statistically analyzed.A township (town)was randomly selected by east,west,south,north and center locations,respectively.One primary school was randomly selected in each selected township(town),eighty children aged 8 to 10 in each selected school were checked of their thyroid by palpation(WS 276-2007)and urinary iodine level of20 children among them was measured by As3+_Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry(WS/T 107-2006).Thirty fifth-grade students and 10 housewives lived around school were asked to take a questionnaire survey.Results Average score of the 8 counties(districts)was 89.96,ranged from 85.42 to 92.90.The coverage rate of iodized salt of household was 100.00%(2328/2328),rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.98%(2281/2328).and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt reached 97.98%(2281/2328).The goiter rate of children aged 8-10 was 0.91%(33/3620),median urinary iodine was 235.85μg/L,and 1.50%(12/800)of child's urinary iodine was less than 50μg/L.The rate of passing a knowledge questionnaire survey of the fifth-grade students and women was 92.33%(1 131/1225)and 9413%(397/421),respectively.Conclusions Ya'an city in Sichuan province has reached the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency.disorders,but there is a coexist trend of IDD and iodine excess.They should pay attention to the daily consumption of iodized salt in the future;sustained elimination of IDD can be reached only by iodine supplementation scientifically.

To establish a spectrophotometric method for detecting selenium in drinking water,some subjects,such as the features of absorption spectrum of the reacting product of selenium and diaminonaphthalene,disturbance of other coexisting ions,detection range,detection limit,precision and accuracy were studied.The results showed that:the maximum absorption wavelength of the reacting product of Se4+and 2,3-diaminonaphthalene was 377 nm,the detection limit,molar absorptivity (ε377) and linear range of this method was 0.018 μg/50 ml,2.7×104 L/(mol·cm)and 0.2～10 μg/50ml respectively.The regressive equation was A＝0.077C＋0.014 with a correlation coefficient r value of 0.9999.The relative standard deviation (RSD) and recovery rate were ＜54.7% and 96.5%～106% respectively.This method was simple,sensitive and accurate,could meet the requirement of the routine monitoring of selenium in drinking water.

Objective:To study the influence of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of IL-10 promoter (-1 082, -819 and -594) on acute rejection after renal transplantation in a donor-recipient paired mode. Methods: Three IL-10 promoter SNPs of 52 donor-recipient pairs were genotyped and phenotyped by PCR using sequence-specific primers (SSP). Recipients were followed up for 1 year after transplantation, and acute rejection episodes were observed. Incidences of rejection were compared against pair patterns and differences were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Results: No genotype of high producer was found in any donor and recipient in this study. Forty-nine recipients were followed up for over 12 months. Of them, 18 recipients (36.7%) had acute rejection and 7 recipients (14.3%) had multiple rejection(MR). The relationship between donors with intermediate producer and acute rejection and MR tended to be statistically significant (P=0.076, P=0.051).The MR rate increased significantly in the pair of donor intermediate producer/recipient low producer (P=0.036). Conclusion: It is preferable to take donor’s IL-10 SNP into consideration in study of IL-10 SNP and renal transplantation. Donor intermediate producer can increase the risk of acute rejection. The combination of donor intermediate/recipient low producer can increase the risk of MR.

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations and differential diagnosis of benignity and malignancy of appendiceal mucocele.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 31 pathologically confirmed appendiceal mucocele were analyzed retrospectively,in which simple mucocele and mucinous cystadenoma were devided into benign group;low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm(LAMN) was devided into borderline group;mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was devided into malignant group.The CT manifestations were analyzed and compared statisticallyl in size(long diameter and short diameter), cyst wall(thickness, evenness, smoothness), intra-cystic contents(mural nodules, septum, calcification, intra-cystic fliud density), periappendiceal fat stranding, intraperitoneal free fluid and pseudomyxoma peritonei.Sensitivity and specificity values were calculated if single or multiple CT manifestations were used.Results Of the 31 cases of mucocele of the appendix, 11 of them were in benign group (including 8 cases of simple mucocele and 3 cases of mucinous cystadenoma);14 cases in borderline group (LAMN) and 6 cases in malignant group (mucinous cystadenocarcinoma).CT findings including evenness and smoothness of cyst wall, mural nodule, intraperitoneal free fluid and pseudomyxoma peritonei showed statistically significant difference among three groups (P<0.05).When combined with any four of the five signs, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignant mucocele were 83% and 88% respectively.But no significantly difference were found among the three groups(P>0.05) in long diameter and short diameter of mucocele, attenuation of intraluminal contents, maximal wall thickness, calcifications, internal septa and periappendiceal fat stranding.

Objective To establish the quality standard of Fufang-Shiwu-Zhixue powder. Methods The microscopical identification was adopted to analyze charred typha pollen and cuttlebone. TLC was used to identity rhubarb and radix notoginseng. UV-HPLC was used to determine the contents of notoginsenosides R1, ginsenosides Rg 1, ginsenosides Rb1. Results Microscopic identifications shower the characteristics of harred typha pollen and cuttlebone. The identified characteristics of rhubarb and radix notoginseng by TLC were distinct and the spots were clear. Notoginsenosides R1, ginsenosides Rg 1, ginsenosides Rb1 showed good linearity in the range of 0.16-1.58 μg (r=0.9998), 0.58-5.81 μg (r=0.9999), 0.33-3.29 μg (r=1.0000), respervtively.The average recoveries were 98.51% (RSD=1.81%), 97.80% (RSD=2.04%), 98.22%(RSD=1.45%). Conclusions The method is accurate, simple and repeatable, which could be used for the quality control of Fufang-Shiwu-Zhixue powder.

Objective To determine the changes of gene expression profile in small intestinal allograft in rats after cold preservation/reperfusion and investigate the mechanism of allograft injury. Methods Heterotopic segmental small bowel transplantation in rats was performed with a modified technique. Total RNAs was extracted from the allografts (experimental group) and normal intestines (control group) 1h after cold preservation /reperfusion, and then purified to mRNA. Equal mRNAs of the two groups were as then reversely transcribed to cDNA and to prepare hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray . After high-stringent washing, the fluorescent signals on cDNA microarray were scanned and analyzed . Results Among the 4096 target genes, 82 differentially expressed genes were identified between the two groups. There were 18 novel genes and 33 expression sequence tags. 31 genes reported and differentially expressed could be related to the preservation/reperfusion injury of grafts. Conclusions Abnormal adhesion between polymorphonuclear cells and microvascular endothelial cells, and failure in energy, glucose and protein metabolism of grafts may contribute to cold preservation/reperfusion injury of small intestinal allografts.