Despite the immense achievement in the field of IVF in recent years, many patients still suffer from recurrent implantation failure. Therefore, much attention has been drawn to its etiology and treatment. Chromosomal abnormality, sperm DNA damage, zona hardening, and inappropriate culture conditions are important factors that lead to recurrent implantation failure. Results of studies suggest that preimplantation genetic screening does not improve the rate of implantation or live birth. Comparative genomic hybridization array and single nucleotide polymorphism array could offer a more comprehensive screening of chromosomes. Assisted hatching may help to solve the problem of zona hardening in some situations. Co-culture and blastocyst transfer could be conducive to the improvement of the rates of implantation and pregnancy. Cytoplasmic transfer may give a solution to ooplasmic composition anomalies.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Coculture Techniques ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Treatment Failure

Objective: To investigate the application of a novel degradable biomaterial-short chitin fiber reinforced polycaprolactone (PCL) as a chest wall prosthesis, so as to assess its feasibility in clinical chest wall recomstruction. Methods: Two kinds of chest wall defects models (10 cm×10 cm) were established in the present study, namely, group I with simple rib resection (n=2) and group II with full-thickness resection (the ribs, rib periosteum, intercostal muscle, parietal pleura, n=8). The defects in both groups were repaired with short chitin fiber reinforced PCL plates. The implanted chest wall prosthesis and the regeneration of the chest wall tissue were dynamically observed postoperatively by X-ray, CT scanning, and histological examinations. Results: No operative/peri-operative death was observed in both groups; flail chest and paradoxical movement were not found in dogs. In group I neogenetic bone tissues were found growing along the surface of chest wall prosthesis and new ribs appeared between prosthesis and parietal pleura. In group II artificial chest wall prosthesis integrated tightly with chest wall ribs and muscle tissues around. Conclusion: Degradable chitin fiber reinforced PCL has fine biocompatibility and can provide effective support for chest walls, making it a promising biomaterial for chest wall reconstruction.

Objective To investigate the application of a novel degradable biomaterial artificial chest wall as a chest wall prosthesis and explore the feasibility of its use in chest wall reconstruction. Methods A full-thickness chest wall defect of 10?10 cm was created in 8 dogs and then repaired with short chitin fiber reinforced polycaprolactone (PCL) plate. The situation of the implanted chest wall prosthesis and the progress of the regeneration of the chest wall tissue were observed dynamically postoperatively by X-ray, CT and histological examinations. Results No operative and peri-operative deaths were observed, no flail chest and paradoxical movement, no infection and severe complications occurred. Artificial chest wall prosthetic integrated tightly with chest wall ribs and muscle tissue around. New bone tissue obviously regenerated around both resection ends of the ribs in 4 months. The chest wall prosthesis was tightly enveloped by thick fibrous tissue in 6 months. Conclusion Degradable chitin fiber reinforced PCL biomaterial has excellent properties such as fine biocompatibility, optimal mechanical properties, fine flexibility and elasticity and translucent to X-rays. It is a prospective material for chest wall reconstruction.

Objective To design and prepare a new prosthesis of chest wall by selecting and integrating the appropriate biodegradable materials,and to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the prepared prosthesis in order to explore the feasibility of reconstruction of an extensive chest wall defect.Methods Three types of chest wall prostheses,polydioxanone(PDO)mesh,chitin fiber reinforced polycaprolactone(CFRP)plate and CFRP strip,were designed and prepared to fulfill the function of chest wall.A canine model of the chest wall resection and reconstruction was reproduced to evaluate these porstheses.15 adult mongrel dogs were subjected to extensive resection of anterior-lateral chest wall and reconstruction with chest wall prosthesis.Chest wall stability,the degradative process of the prosthetic materials and regeneration of the chest wall tissue postoperatively were recorded dynamically by macroscopic inspection and histopathologic examinations,so as to provide valuable scientific data for improving chest wall prosthesis.Results The implanted PDO mesh was well integrated with autogenous connective tissue 8 weeks after operation,degraded gradually and reabsorbed completely within 24 weeks.It provided adequate support to the chest wall and achieved satisfy cosmetic and functional repair.CFRP plate was the best in chest wall stabilization among the three groups,and paradoxical respiratory movement was efficiently relieved with CFRP rib,and it had a better biological compatibility.There was no obvious morphological change in the CFRP material after it was implanted for 24 weeks.Conclusion The synthetic prostheses developed here showed excellent biocompatibility,and they fulfilled the function in providing chest wall stabilization.Each prosthesis has its respective favorable properties in chest wall reconstruction,and all of them are valuable in clinic application in the management of complicated chest wall defects.

Objective To study the effect of oral administration of activated charcoal and mannitol on removing toxicant after acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP). Method A total of 41 patients with severe AOPP were randomly divided into experiment group (activated charcoal used as adsorbent and mannitol used as cathartics, n =21)and control group (without adsorbent and cathartics, n = 20). Patients of both groups received routine treatment for AOPP after admission to hospital. The differences in duration of atropinization, the length of hospitalization and the success rate of treatment were compared between two groups. Results There were significant differences in duration of atropinization, the success rate of treatment and hospitalization time between the two groups. Conclusions The combination of activated charcoal and mannitol is more effective than the conventional gastric lavage on removal of organophosphorus pesticides from G-I tract, shorting the duration of atropinization time and hospital stays, and enhancing the success rate of rescue as well as improving the outcome of patients after organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.

Medical service utilization monitoring of county areas residents is one of the important contents of health policy management and research.Traditional service utilization monitoring, such as National Health Services Survey (NHSS), residents healthcare treatment (clinical) data from medical insurance, had problems of high cost, large deviation, slowly updating monitoring indicators, out of time in health management decisions.The data convergence and re-architecture of multi-source data provide a new idea for the monitoring of residents'' service utilization.Different linking data-sources would come true with the tools of Microsoft Access database administration and Excel programming techniques.At the same time, a new database would be accessed with the indices of residents'' annual medical service utilization, preference in medical services, unconscionable service utilization, and lead to the promotion of medical service utilization monitoring research development.

Objective To research the best extracting technology of simiaoyongan decoction.Methods As the total contents of chlorogenic acid and harpagoside to be evaluation indicator, adopted L9 (34 ) orthogonal design to select out the best extraction.The main determination was by HPLC method.Results Accounted by the total contents of the two composi-tions, the influential effects of the experimental results were extraction solvent >reflux times >the volume of extraction>the circumfluence time.Conclusion The best extracting technology is adding 10-fold times of 50% alcohol, percolating 1 hours, and three times.

Objective To evaluate the effects of metformin on transforming growth factor-betal (TGF-β 1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in and invasion of the human melanoma cell line 1205Lu.Methods In vitro cultured 1205Lu cells were divided into 3 groups to be treated with serumfree culture medium (blank control group),serum-free culture medium containing 5 ng/ml TGF-β 1 (TGF-β 1 group) and serum-free culture medium containing 5 ng/ml TGF-β 1 and 1 mmol/L metformin (TGF-β1 + metformin group),respectively.After 48-hour treatment,morphological changes of 1205Lu cells in the above groups were observed by using a microscope,and photos were taken at the same time.Transwell invasion assay was performed to estimate cellular invasive activity,Western blot analysis and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative RT-PCR were conducted to determine the mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9),respectively.Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) test.Results Compared with the blank control group,the stimulation of TGF-β 1 could induce the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like morphological changes in 1205Lu cells,while TGF-β 1 combined with metformin could reverse the EMT-like morpho-logical changes.The number of 1205Lu cells crossing the transwell Matrigel per high-power field (× 200) was significantly higher in the TGF-β1 group (412.2 ± 13.427) than in the blank control group (194.1 ± 8.295) and TGF-β1 + metformin group (175.3 ± 8.693).Compared with the blank control group and TGF-β1 + metformin group,the TGF-β1 group also showed significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin (mRNA:6.678 ± 0.043 vs.1.000 ± 0.000,1.035 ± 0.015;protein:1.963 ± 0.016 vs.0.603 ± 0.029,0.207 ± 0.009) and MMP-9 (mRNA:5.351 ± 0.604 vs.1.000 ± 0.000,0.930 ±0.130;protein:1.243 ± 0.027 vs.0.575 ± 0.009,0.629 ± 0.008).Conclusion Metformin can obviously inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT-like morphological changes in,the capacity to penetrate Matrigel-coated transwell chambers of and the mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin and MMP-9 in 1205Lu cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the clinical and pathological features of surgical treatment for primary bronchogenic carcinoma in adolescent patients.MethodsA retrospective review is presented of patients less than 30 years with surgical treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma between 1969 and 2008.There were59 patients (36 male and 23 female).Mean age was 23 years ( range 8-29 ) .The ratio of men to women patients was 1.7∶1.Forty-nine cases ( 83.0% ) were symptomatic at presentation and 18 cases(30.5% )were misdiagnosed as other diseases.Surgical procedures included radical resection in 46 cases,palliative resection in 3 cases,thoracotomy only for unresectable disease in 7 cases and VATS biopsy in 3 cases.The histological types were 18 adenocarcinomas,13 carcinoids,9 mucoepidermoid carcinoma,5 squamous cell carcimomas,4 small cell lung cancer,3 adenosquamous carcinoma and 4 others.On TNM staging,8 cases in stage Ⅰa,3 cases in stage Ⅰb,9 cases in stage Ⅱ a,12 cases in stage Ⅱb,15 cases in stage Ⅲa,8 cases in stage Ⅲb,4 cases in stageⅣ.ResultsThere were no operative death in radical group.Post-operative atelectasis in 3 cases.One case died from postoperative respiratory failure in explosive group,the postoperative five year survival rate was 27.0%.radical resection group 5-year survival was 35%.Univariate analysis identified TNM stage and surgical procedures as predictors of survival( P <0.05).factors that had no significant effect on overall survival included gender,histologic sbutype and postoperative chemotherapy (P > 0.05).The 5 year survival in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲa,Ⅲb + Ⅳ were 75.0%,33.3%,14.3% and 0,respectively.The 5 year survival in lobectomy,pneumonectomy and exporsive were 43.0%,18.2% and O,respectively.On multivariate analysis,TNM stage of disease was the only independent predictor of survival ( P =0.000) .ConclusionWe should pay attention to adolescent lung cancer and improve the diagnosis rate avoiding of delaying surgical treatment.The five year survival rate of radical resection for adolescent lung cancer was good.They should be treated with aggressive multimodality therapy and surgical resection is the first-line treatment for them.

Objective To compare the impacts of sustained and intermittent gradient pressure on perfusion disorders and myofiber injuries and to explore the mechanism by which intermittent gradient pressure helps treat deep tissue injury (DTI). MethodsTwenty Sprague-Dawley rats 10-12 weeks old were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.The tibialis anterior muscles of the experimental group received intermittent fluctuating pressure at 8.0-21.3 kPa while the control group received sustained pressure at 13.3 kPa.The contralateral notpressed muscles served as healthy controls.The experiment was terminated after 3 cycles of compression where each cycle involved 2 h of compression and 30 min of conpression release.The general condition of the rats'skin and muscles in the compressed region were observed and laser doppler perfusion imaging was used to detect blood perfusion of the skin of the compressed leg after 3 cycles of compression.Any pathomorphological changes in the tibialis anterior muscles of the compressed region were observed by phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) staining. Results Blood perfusion of the skin and muscle in the control group was significantly less than in the experimental group after compression,and blood flow velocity increased with time in both groups.However,perfusion was significantly more extensive in the experimental group.PTAH staining showed that muscle injury in the experimental group was significantly less severe than in the control group. ConclusionCompared to the sustained pressure,intermittent pressure cause significantly less severe DTI by reducing compression-induced ischemia and hypoxia.