By researching the relevant papers at home and abroad, the principles of preparation, drug release mechanism, existing problems and so on were analysed and summarized on prodrugs triggered by colon bacteria-releasing enzymes (PTCBE). Compared with ordinary drugs, PTCBE was degraded by colon bacteria-releasing enzymes on colon-targeted treatment. PTCBE have the drug release characters of specificity, accuracy and so on for the colon-targeted treatment and can reduce the adverse drug reactions. Thus PTCBE have the good prospects of applications.

Aim:To develop a method for rapid and sensitive simultaneous determination of the hydrophilic and lipophilic active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza tablets. Methods:RP-HPLC condition was established to separate danshensu,salvianolic acid B,cryptotanshinone and tanshinone ⅡA from each other on the Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm ID,5 μm)column with the mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.5% formic acid in gradient elution. Results:The four active components had good linearity. The average recoveries ranged between 96.63% to 100.3% with RSDs of less than 2%. Conclusion:The method appeared to be precise and accurate for the simultaneous determination of the four active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge tablets within 35 min.

Objective To summerize the experience in diagnosis and surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma in recent years.Methods 86 consecutive cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma were surgically treated in this hospital from Jan. 1992 to Oct. 1998. Results The tumor resection rate was 37%(32/86) in this series. The postoperative morbidity and mortality rate were 47% and 7% respectively. The median survival time in palliative resection group was 16 months and the 1-year, 3- year, 5-year survival rate was 63%,21%,15% respectively. For curative resection,the median survival time was 19 months and the 1-year, 3- year, 5-year survival rate was 80%,35%,25% respectively( P =0 038). For drainage group, the median survival time was 5 months and the 1-year, 3- year, 5-year survival rate was 28%,8 4%,5% respectively.Conclusion Early diagnosis, improvement of patients′ general preoperative condition and the surgical expertise may help in increasing the curative resection rate and reducing postoperative morbidity and mortality rate, which are keys to prolong patients′ survival.

AIM: To elucidate the effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on eosinophil activation and the action of dexamethasone or theophylline during this process. METHODS: Eosinophils (EOS) from the peripheral blood of normal subjects were isolated. The hypodense eosinopil (HE) and normodense eosinophil (NE) were studied with electron microscopy. The effects of PAF on eosinophil activation and the action of dexamethasone or theophylline during the above process were measured. RESULTS: Hypodense eosinophil had significantly smaller individual granules than normodense eosinophil had. PAF induced eosinophil peroxidase release, and generated. Eosinophils incubated with 10~(-8) mmol/L PAF and 10~(-5) mmol/L dexamethasone released (101.17?10.32) mg/L eosinophil peroxidase (P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Liqifuwei oral liquid for prophylaxis of chemotherapy induced-constipation through a randomized controlled trial.Methods Cancer patients who met the inclusion criterias were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group by random number table.Liqifuwei oral liquid was prescribed 20 ml per tid from the first day of chemotherapy in the treatment group,the control group accepted the conventional treatment.Incidence and degree of chemotherapy inducedconstipation,degree and duration time of abdominal distension,anorexia and diarrhea were compared by criteria of NCI-CTC 3.0.Results A total of 100 patients were eligible,including 50 patients in the treatment group and 50 patients in the control group respectively.Incidence rate of chemotherapy induced-constipation was 48 ％ (24/50) and 98 ％ (49/50) (P ＜ 0.000 1),all patients were grade 1-3 constipation,no grade 4 and grade 5 constipation (P =0.036).Incidence rate of abdominal distension was 36 ％ (18/50) and 70 ％ (35/50)(P =0.001 3),abdominal distension degree (P =0.033),duration time of abdominal distension was (2.22±1.48)days and (3.43±1.60) days (P =0.01).Incidence rate of anorexia was 56 ％ (28/50) and 90 ％ (45/50)(P ＜ 0.000 1),there was no significance different of anorexia degree (P =0.818).One patient in treatment group underwent mild diarrhea.Conclusion The prophylaxis of Liqifuwei oral liquid for chemotherapy induced-constipation and abdominal distension is effective,which deserves large-sample studies and clinic application.

Objective:To explore the seizure recurrence and prognosis of epilepsy in relapse after anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) withdrawal, and the influencing factors for these conditions.Methods:From December 2009 to August 2018, patients from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University who relapsed after AEDs withdrawal were collected and followed up for at least 18 months. The seizure recurrence and prognosis of these patients were prospectively observed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. The associated risk factors of the second relapse in the enrolled patients were analyzed by multivariate Cox analysis. The included patients were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to whether they had achieved seizure freedom for at least one year after the first relapse. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors affecting their prognosis.Results:A total of 56 patients with epilepsy in relapse after AEDS withdrawal were collected. The average follow-up period was 46.23 months (18-120 months) from the initial time of seizure recurrence, and 21 patients (37.5%) had the second seizure recurrence. The relapsing risk in patients who continued to be observed without adding AEDs was higher than those who were treated immediately with drugs [9/16 vs 30.0% (12/40)], but without statistically significant difference (χ2=2.220, P=0.071). The results of univariate analysis showed that focal seizures, seizure frequency more than once per month before remission and poly-drug therapy before AEDs withdrawal were associated with high risk of the second relapse. Poly-drug therapy was an independent risk factor for the second relapse by multivariate Cox analysis ( HR=3.383, 95% CI 1.257-9.105). Of the 56 patients with epilepsy in relapse after AEDs withdrawal, 47 patients (83.9%) had a good prognosis without seizure for at least one year, and of 33 patients who were followed up for three years or more, 26 (78.8%) had no seizure for at least two years. Between the group retreated immediately after the first recurrence and the group without immediate treatment [87.5% (35/40) vs 12/16],there were no statistically significant differences on the proportions of good prognosis (χ2=2.333, P=0.258). Univariate analysis showed that the course of epilepsy>6 months before initial treatment, the frequency of seizures>1/month before remission, symptomatic epilepsy and poly-drug therapy were associated with the poor prognosis. However, none of independent risk factors was found for the poor prognosis through the multivariate analysis. Conclusions:The prognosis of patients with epilepsy in relapse after AEDs withdrawal is well, and about 2/3 patients with epilepsy in relapse after AEDs withdrawal have no more seizure recurrences. The poly-drug therapy before AEDs withdrawal may be an independent risk factor for the second seizure relapse.

This paper analyzed the characteristics and statistics of children with disabilities, explored the framework and approaches of habilitation/rehabilitation in light of ICF, and discussed the implementation of habilitation/rehabilitation for children with disabilities at community setting.

Objective To explore if Ulinastai reverses hepatofibrosis in rats.Method Rat hepatofibrosis models were induced by TAA subcutaneously injection.18 rats with hepatofibrosis were divided into 2 groups,Ulinastai treatment group (9 rats),normal saline control group (9 rats).AST,ALT,HA,SOD,MDA,LN level were measured and compared between the 2 groups and that of healthy rats (3 rats).Rats liver morphology was observed using HE,Masson stain and type-B ultrasonic.TGF-β1、caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry.Result After 3 weeks Ulinastai treatment,elastic index and SSS score in Ulinastai group decreased significantly compared to pretreatment (t =2.472,P ＜0.05).ALT,AST,SOD,MDA,HA and LN level significantly improved (F =3.862,5.774,3.442,4.157,4.173,3.674,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with NS treatment group HE and Masson staining showed fewer inflammatory cells infiltration in central vein,ballooning degeneration of liver cells,collagen proliferated,hepatic lobules degradation and pseudolobule arise after 3 weeks intervenion.Also in Ulinastai group,TGF-β1、caspase-3 positive cells were much less than that in NS treatment group.Conclusions Ulinastai can reverse rat hepatic fibrosis and alleviate fibrosis degree and collagen fiber deposit.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism through detecting methylation status in esophageal carcinoma and Barrett's esophagus.Methods The methylation-specific PCR was employed to detect the expressions of RASSF2 in esophageal carcinoma tissues,adjacent tissues from 27 patients after surgery and Barrett's esophagus tissues from 18 patients after gastroscopic biopsy.Results The rate of RASSF2 methylation was much higher in esophageal carcinoma (66.7 ％,18/27) than that in adjacent tissues (22.2 ％,6/27) (P ＜ 0.05),and was more frequently than that in Barrett's esophagus (33.3 ％,6/18) (P ＜ 0.05).However,no significant difference of methylation status was observed between Barrett's esophagus and adjacent tissue (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The hypermethylation of RASSF2 may be the molecular mechanism in the development of esophageal carcinoma,and more samples should be used for further experiment in Barrett' s esophagus.

Blood samples were detected by 24 blood-glucose meters using glucose oxidase and another 18 glucose meters using glucose dehydrogenase. The plasma glucose was detected by the auto-chemistry analyzer as control. According to ISO1 5197 and EF9-A2, the bias of results from both glucose meters 100% fall in the range of ±0. 56 mmol/L( ＜4. 2 mmol/L) and ≥99. 7% in the range of ±20% ( ≥4. 2 mmol/L), predicted bias were all less than the true bias(Bc). As κ＞0. 6, the results from both glucose meters were in accordance with the results from autochemistry analyzer in judging hyperglycemia ( ＞6. 11 mmol/L) and hypoglycemia ( ＜ 3.89 mmol/L). Between the results from the two blood-glucose meters, κ＜0. 6. The accuracy of both glucose-meters are accepted for the purpose of clinical diagnosis and treatment.