Galectins can recognize and specifically bind to β-galactosidase,and regulate the transformation and survival of tumor cells,and promote the migration and metastasis of tumor cells,etc.Galectins correlate with tumor diagnosis,progression and prognosis.Galectias also can serve as immunoregulatory molecules to regulate the survival,activation,proliferation and differentiation of immune cells,and are components of tumor immune microenvironment.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of ursolic acid ( UA) on cholesterol metabolism in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and mouse hepatocyte AML-12. Methods HepG2 and AML-12 cells were treated with different concentrations of UA (0,10,20,40 μmol·L-1)for 24 h, then the mRNA and protein expression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and intracellular cholesterol level was detected by RT-PCR、Western blotting and enzymatic method, respectively. Results Compared with 0 μmol·L-1 UA, 20 μmol·L-1 and 40 μmol·L-1 UA significantly increased the expressions of CYP7A1 mRNA and protein(P<0. 05), and decreased intracellular cholesterol level in HepG2 and AML-12 cells (P<0. 05). Conclusion A certain concentration of UA can reduce the level of cholesterol in HepG2 and AML-12 cells. CYP7A1 may be involved in the regulation process.

Intervening animals by pathogen of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to establish animal model is the most common and easiest method to determine syndrome attribute of an animal model. However, the underlying prob-lem of this modeling method is that the concept of wind, cold and dampness in the nature are confused with the syn-drome of wind-cold-dampness summarized by abnormal appearance of clinical patients. The typical animal model establishment are through the methods of wind blowing, low temperature freezing, cold water immersion, environmen-tal humidity increasing. Modern medical modeling methods, such as chemicals, organ resections, are also used in the establishment of animal models. Then, the syndrome-attribution of modeling animal is evaluated by physicochemical indexes of modern medicine which is one of modeling methods that have been used by academia in early times. But animal model established by this method is a kind of disease model which is lack of sufficient theoretical and clini-cal evidences. Therefore, the syndrome-attribution should be reappraised among this kind of animal models.

Objective To establish the method for simultaneous determination of epimedium glycoside and other 4 kinds of active ingredients in Xianling Gubao Capsules by three wavelength switching method. Methods An Waters Atlantis T3 C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used with the mixture of acetonitrile-0.05％ formic acid solution as the mobile phase in gradient elution (0–5 min, 12％–20％ A; 5–15 min, 20％–55％ A; 15–35 min, 55％ A;35–55 min, 55％–76％ A; 55.1 min, 12％ A; 55.1–60 min, 12％ A). Detection wavelength was as follow: 0–30 min, 212 nm; 30–42 min, 246 nm; 42–60 min, 270 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. Results The calibration curves of asperosaponin Ⅵ, psoralen, angelicin, epimedin C, and icariin were in good linearity among the ranges of 101.6–3048 ng, 8.7–261 ng, 7.9–237 ng, 117.2–3516 ng, 78–2340 ng, respectively. In the instrument precision test, stability test, repeatability test, the RSD was less than 3％. The average recoveries were 99.83％, 100.35％, 100.59％, 100.60％, 99.72％, respectively, and all the RSD were less than 3％. Conclusion The method is sensitive, accurate, and separation effect is good, which can provide a basis for quality evaluation standard of Xianling Gubao Capsules.

Recent researches of the association between helicobacter pylori (Hp) and colorectal adenocarcinoma have found that Hp infection rate is higher in the patients with colorectal cancer and other related colorectal adenoma,which suggest that Hp probably influence on local and distant intestinal mucosa epithelial cells achieve carcinogenesis by its own virulence and the role of elevated serum gastrin levels.Hp infection may be a potential risk factor of colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Propranolol ; therapeutic use ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Objective: To study the effects of deguelin on proliferation and apoptosis of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. Methods: After treatment with 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 μmol/L of deguelin for 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours, the proliferation inhibition rate of MCF-7 cells was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay. Apoptosis rate of MCF-7 cells was detected with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining by flow cytometry and the apoptotic morphology was observed under a transmission electron microscope. After treatment with 0, 1 and 5 μmol/L of deguelin for 6 hours, 5 proteins involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: Deguelin at doses of 5, 10, 15 and 20 μmol/L inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. There was a significant difference in each group compared with the control group (P<0.01). The inhibitory effect was more marked with increasing concentration and duration of treatment. There were statistical differences (P<0.05) among 5, 10, 15 and 20 μmol/L groups. However, 1 μmol/L of deguelin had no obvious effects on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours, showing no significant difference compared with control group (P>0.05). Deguelin at doses of 5, 10, 15 and 20 μmol/L induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells at 6 hours. There were significant differences (P<0.01) in the early and late apoptosis rate between the treated groups and the control group. The typical apoptotic MCF-7 cells were observed under the transmission electron microscopy. However, 1 μmol/L of deguelin had no apparent effect in inducing apoptosis of MCF-7 cells at 6 hours. After treatment with 5 μmol/L of deguelin for 6 hours the expression of phosphorylated phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) (Ser380), phosphorylated 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) (Ser241), phosphorylated Akt (Thr308) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) (Ser9) proteins were significantly reduced in MCF-7 cells, while there was no significant change in the expression of total Akt protein. However, after treatment with 1 μmol/L of deguelin for 6 hours, there was no apparent change in the expression of these 5 proteins. Conclusion: Deguelin can inhibit the phosphorylation of GSK-3β (Ser9) via inhibition of the phosphorylation of PTEN (Ser380) and PDK1 (Ser241) pathway, thus inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of MCF-7 cells.

Objective To discussed the relationship between multiple sclerosis(MS)and the genepolymorphism of HLA hoping that these results would be useful for further pathogeny studies,diagnoses,therapy and prognosis estimation of MS.Methods HLA-Ⅱ alleles in 32 patients with MS,36 nonimmunological neurological disease controls and 30 healthy controls,were identified by polymerase chain reaction-specific sequence primers(PCR-SSP)methods.Results The gene frequency of HLA-DR16 (7/32,1/36,0/30),DR11(7/32,3/36,1/30)and DQB1*0502(10/32,6/36,4/30)in patients with MS were higher than those in the 2 control groups.The gene frequency of DQB1*0601(8/32,12/36,17/30)in the patients with MS was lower than the controls.However,only the HLA-DR16 had significant difference (χ2=7.398,RR=17.94,P=0.011;χ2=5.52,RR=9.8,P=0.022).Conclusion HLA-DR16 alleles may be associated with the susceptibility to MS in Guizhou Province.

Objective:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of acid-suppressive therapy including proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) and compare with those of placebo or blank control in the postoperative patients with stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) to provide evidence-based reference for clinical practice.Methods:The Cochrane library,Medline,Embase,CBM,CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang Data,clinicaltrials.gov,ISRCTN Register and WHO ICTRP were searched.Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acid-suppressive therapy compared with placebo or blank control for postoperative stress ulcer bleeding were selected with bleeding rate,mortality,adverse drug reactions,gastric juice pH and length of stay as the indices.After the quality evaluation and data extraction,Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata12.0 statistics software.The results were expressed as relative risk(RR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval(CI).Funnel plot and Eggers test were used to determine the publication bias;and then Grade approach was applied to assess the confidence in the evidence for each outcome.Results:Totally 15 trials enrolling 971 patients were selected,and acid-suppressive therapy was more effective than placebo or blank control in reducing the risk of stress ulcer bleeding,overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding and clinical important bleeding(RR 0.29,95% CI:0.19-0.45;RR 0.25,95%CI:0.10-0.64;RR 0.36,95%CI:0.17-0.77)(moderate),however,there was no statistical significance in the incidence of occult bleeding,mortality and adverse drug reactions (RR 0.79,95%CI:0.41-1.50;RR 0.49,95%CI:0.17-1.38;RR 0.78,95%CI:0.33-1.85,very low confidence).The subgroup analysis of drug classification,operation types and administration juncture showed that the incidence of SUB using PPI (RR=0.27) was lower than that using H2RA (RR=0.33);that of heart surgery (RR=0.20) was lower than that of general surgery (RR=0.31) and neurosurgery(RR=0.37);that of postoperative administration (RR=0.26) was lower than that of preoperative administration (RR=0.23).Conclusion:Acid-suppressive drugs seem to be more effective than placebo or blank control in reducing the risk of bleeding without significant increase of the risk of mortality or adverse drug reactions.The robustness of the conclusion is limited because of the low quality of the trial methodology,incomplete outcome indicators and lack of safety indices for pneumonia and clostridium diffcile-associated infection.Trials with high-quality and larger sample size are still needed to verify its clinical effects.

Objective:To establish a method for isolating tumor infiltrating dendritic cells(TIDC)from mice models of Lewis lung cancer by positive selection using anti-CD11c magnetic beads.Methods:A total of 1.0?10~6 Lewis lung cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into a C57BL/6 mice at the lateral abdominal wall to establish the mouse model of lung cancer.TIDC were isolated positively using anti-mouse CD11c magnetic beads;they were labeled by anti-mouse CD11c,and then the purity of the isolated cells was tested by FACScan flow cytometer.The cells were also double labeled by PE-conjugated MHC-ⅡmAb and FITC-conjugated CD83 mAb or FITC-conjugated CD86 mAb to analyze the phenotype of cells by FACScan flow cytometer.Results:The positive selection using anti-CD11 c magnetic beads isolated(1.73?0.31)?10~6 TIDC from each gram of Lewis lung cancer tissue,which accounted for(2.18?0.29)%of the cells in the tumor tissues.The purity of TIDC was 96.49%.Electron microscope showed that the isolated TIDC had the typical character of DC cells.The positive rates of MHC-Ⅱ,CD83 and CD86 molecules in TIDC surface were(51.25?4.21)%, (3.48?0.34)%and(3.07?0.65)%,respectively.Conclusion:The positive selection using anti-CD11c magnetic beads is highly effective,simple,and economic,and is worth popularizing.