Objective To explore the relation between single umbilical artery with other malformations and pregnancy outcome,and to provide evidence for pregnancy counseling and diagnosis.Methods The outcomes of 92 fetuses with single umbilical artery diagnosed and delivered in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from September 2007 to July 2009 were followed up and retrospectively analyzed with Chi-square test.Results Among 25 292 pregnant women,92 cases were finally diagnosed as single umbilical artery giving the incidence of 0.36％,among which 57.6％ (53/92) of newborns survived without malformations,15.2％(14/92) survived with malformations and 27.2％ (25/92) died during perinatal period.There were 36 fetuses (39.1％,36/92) with single umbilical artery complicated with other malformations,among which 29 had single malformation (80.6 ％ ),and seven ( 19.4 ％ ) had multiple malformations.The incidence of heart defects was the highest among the complicated malformations,and then followed by central nervous system,digestive system,motor system and urinary system.Thirty-three fetuses with single umbilical artery accepted karyotype analysis.Chromosome abnormality was diagnosed in three subjects (9.1％,3/33).Twenty-three fetus (25.0％,23/92) associated with small for gestational age,and among which 18 fetuses (78.3％,18/23) died with a higher mortality than that (4.0％,24/597) of small for gestational age patients without single umbilical artery (x2=181.71,P＜0.01).Conclusions Single umbilical artery is likely to be complicated with congenital anomalies.After single umbilical artery was diagnosed by routine ultrasound,fetal ultrasonography,echocardiography and amniocentesis for karyotype analysis is suggested.Fetal growth restriction is an important indicator of fetal adverse outcomes.

Objective To investigate different factors related to fetal growth restriction (FGR) and to find out the possible causes of FGR with unclear etiologies. Methods Sixty-three women who were suspected of FGR during pregnancy between March 2002 and March 2003 were included in this study. Their age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, and gestational weeks were recorded at the time when they were first diagnosed . Haemoglobin levels, haematocrit (HCT) ,TORCH, anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) , 50 gram glucose challenge test (50g GCT) , 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test (75g OGTT) , leptin levels, systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio by color doppler monitor and chlamydia trachomatis (CT) were detected and urine culture was done in these groups during the same period. The gestational week, birth weight, body length and the gender were recorded at the delivery period. The FGR group was then divided into two subgroups according to the birth weights: study A group whose birth weights were lower than 10th% of the birth weights at the given gestational weeks (29 cases) and study B group whose birth weights were beyond 10th% (34 cases). The chromosome, leptin, C-peptide, insulin and TORCH of umbilical blood were measured at delivery. The other 25 normal pregnant women were included as control and the same tests were performed accordingly. Results The fasting glucose and the third hour's glucose of 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test of study A were( 3. 8 ?0, 6) mmol/L and (4. 5 ?1. 1) mmol/L. The fetal lepin, C-peptide, and insulin were (7.3 ? 5. 2) ng/ml, (0. 5 ? 0. 3) nmol/L and (2. 3 ? 1. 3 ) mU/L The S/D ratio of umbilical artery, maternal and fetal infection rate of CMV, positive rate of ACA-IgM and the rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria were 3.06, 20.7%, 24.1%, 44.8% and 62.1% respectively. The fasting glucose and the third hour's glucose of 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test of study B were (4. 4 ? 0. 7) mmol/L and (4. 6 ? 1. 1 ) mmol/L. The fetal lepin, C-peptide, and insulin were ( 13. 2 ? 11. 3 ) ng/ml, (0. 7 ? 0. 4) nmol/L and (4.3 ? 3.3) mU/L The S/D ratio of umbilical artery, maternal and fetal infection rate of CMV, positive rate of ACA-IgM and the rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria were 2. 63, 2. 9% , 0% , 5.9% and 44. 1% respectively. The fasting glucose and the third hour's glucose of 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test in control were (4. 3 ? 0. 7) mmol/L and (5. 3 ? 1.2) mmol/L. The fetal lepin, C-peptide, and insulin were( 20. 5 ? 12. 0) ng/ml, (1. 0 ? 0. 4) nmol/L and ( 6. 3 ? 4. 0) mU/L The S/D ratio of umbilical artery, maternal and fetal infection rate of CMV, positive rate of ACA-IgM and the rate of the asymptomatic bacteriuria were 2. 80, 0, 0, 0 and 24. 0% respectively. All these items were significantly higher in study A than those in the control (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between amniotic fluid glucose concentration, amniotic fluid volume and neonatal birth weight in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Two hundred and fifty-five singleton, normal term pregnant women were divided into three groups: GDM, gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) and normal pregnancy according to the results of a 50 g, 1 hour glucose challenge test (GCT) or of a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). There were 85 study subjects in each group. All women had GCT at 24-28 gestational weeks. When they had a positive GCT, in which glucose level was ≥7.8 mmol/L,and 0.05), but was significantly higher than that in normal group, (12.7?3.2)cm (P0.05). (4) Among women with GDM, AFG was significantly correlated with AFI (r=0.330, P=0.002), NBW (r=0.347, P=0.001), MFG (r=0.589, P

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Bushen-Yiqi-Huayu capsule in the treatment of vascular dementia.Methods 58 cases who diagnosed with vascular dementia,Chinese Traditional Medicine fine for the gas deficiency and blood stasis,Tanzu patients were randomly divided into two groups:observation group with 30 patients(oral Bushen-Yiqi-Huayu capsule); control group with 28 cases (oral Piracetam tablet),Treatment course three-months. Results The total effective rate was 86.7 percent,compared with the control group (total effective rate 60.8%), and the difference was significant (P

Objective To investigate the effect of nursing ward rounds with doctors on cognition disease of primary caretakers of asthmatic children . Methods According to the admission sequence, 82 asthmatic patients and their primary caretakers were set as the control group, 76 asthmatic patients and their primary caretakers were set as the observation group. The control group adopted the traditional method of separating ward rounds between doctors and nurses. The observation group used the method of nursing ward rounds with doctors. Then their differences were compared in terms of cognition of disease and medical compliance of these two groups′primary caretakers. Result The observation group was significantly better than the control group in terms of the cognition of disease and medical compliance (P<0.01). Conclusions The method of nursing ward rounds with doctors can improve the cognition of disease and medical compliance of the asthmatic patients′ primary caretakers. It can effectively monitor and manage the asthmatic patients and control the disease recurrence. As effective ward rounds, it is worth in clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the effect of combination of HANS (Han's Acupoint Nerve Stimulator) and diazepam(D) or tramadol(T) on labor pain and influence on mother and infant. Methods Two-hundred and seventy normal term pregnancy and primipara with single vertex presentation were randomly divided into six groups, HANS+D ((HANS plus diazepam 10mg, iv), HANS, D(diazepam 10 mg, iv), HANS +T (HANS plus tramadol 100mg, im), T (tramadol 100mg, im) and control group . Pain relief methods were given when the cervix dilated to 2~3 cm. Labor pain was evaluated by VAS (visual analogue scale) at different stage. Results The effective rate of analgesia for HANS+D was the highest, 90.5%, for HANS+T and HANS were 78.9% and 59.8%, respectively. The VAS of the groups combination of HANS and drugs at the time one hour after analgesia, cervix dilating 7~8 cm, second stage, were much lower than that before analgesia and that of control group (P

Objective To identify the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in expectant management of pregnant women with early onset severe pre-eclampsia (EOSP). Methods Totally, 136 gravidas, who were diagnosed as ESOP and received expectant management from January 2007 to June 2008 in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, were selected and divided into two groups; the favorable pregnancy outcome group (control, n=101)and the adverse pregnancy outcome group (n=35).The general clinical information, pregnancy outcomes, routine urine test, hemodynamic data, routine blood test, liver and renal function test on admission were collected and the risk factors for adverse outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.Results (1)General clinical information; more women complained of preeclamptic symptoms on admission in the adverse outcome group than in the control group (35.6% vs.57.1 %,P< 0.05).No significant differences was found between the two groups in the maternal age, times of previous pregnancies, prevalence of concurrent complications, pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI),proportion of women who had regular antenatal checks(P > 0.05).(2) Pregnant outcomes; the average duration of expectant management in the control group were similar to the adverse outcomes group [(6.5 ± 8.2) days vs.(6.8 ±10.0) days, P > 0.05].The main complications in the adverse outcome group included placental abruption (n=13), heart failure and pulmonary edema (n=10),hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet syndrome (HELIP syndrome, n=5),and no eclampsia was reported.However, none of these complications was reported from the control group.(3)Blood pressure and proteinuria; the gestation ages at the onset of EOSP and at delivery in the control group were earlier than those of the adverse outcome group [(31.3 ± 3.4) weeks vs.(33.0 ± 4.9) weeks, (32.1 ± 3.0) weeks vs.(34.0 ± 3.6) weeks, P< 0.05],the systolic blood pressure and urinary protein and the proportion of women with urinary protein of (+ + +)were also much higher in the adverse outcome group (all P<0.05).(4) Hemodynamics and routine blood tests; the blood viscosity in the control group was obviously lower than that of the adverse outcome group (P< 0.05 ).But there was no significant difference in the cardiac output, cardiac index, peripheral resistance and vascular compliance between the two groups (P >0.05).The adverse outcome group showed lower platelet(PLT) level and higher red blood cell(RBC) count and hematocrit compared with those of the control(all P<0.01).(5)Liver and renal function; the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in the adverse outcome group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05), but the plasma level of total protein (TP),albumin (Alb), uric acid (UA) and creatinine (Cr) were similar between the two groups(P>0.05).(6) Risk factor analysis: RBC count (OR =3.68, 95% CI: 1.90-7.13 ),PLT count (OR=0.99,95% CI:0.98-1.00) and the gestations at delivery (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.94) were the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes during the expectant management of EOSP.Conclusion Elevated RBC count, reduced PLT count and earlier delivery weeks are the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes during the expectant management of EOSP.

BACKGROUND:Fluoride treatment of osteoporosis has been controversial.Literatures addressing the effect of fluoride on bone bio-mechanical parameters of femur in young rats are few.OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of fluoride on bone biomechanical parameters of femur in young rats.METHODS:Ninety 2-month-old SPF Sprague Dawley rats,half male and female,were randomly divided into 9 groups:control group(young,adult and long-time)and drug-administered group(young high-fluoride,young low-fluoride,adult high-fluoride,adut low-fluoride,long-term high-fluoride and long-term low-fluoride).Rats in the control group were orally administered with physiological saline,while in the drug-administered group were given orally with different dose fluoride at the corresponding times.After experiment,rats were sacrificed under anaesthesia.Three-point bending test was performed at the left femur.The effects of fluoride on maximum load and rigidity of femur were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with young control group,the maximum load and the rigidity of femur in the young high-fluoride group were decreased by 13.18%and 13.61%,respectively(P＜0.05),which had no dramatically difference in the young low-fluoride group.Compared with long-term high-fluoride group,the maximum load and the rigidity offemur in the young high-fluoride were decreased by 17.22%and 17.17%(P＜0.05),which were obvious increased in the long.term low-fluoride grou by 18.33%and 19.15%,respectively(P＜0.05).The maximum load and the rigidity of femur were strengthened in the adult high-fluoride and adult low-fluoride groups(P＜0.05).The results suggested that young rats are more sensitive to high-dose fluoride,which can reduce bone quality in rats.The negative effects on bone quailty of rats were gradually displayed as the prolongation of the period of fluoride.

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety of transfection green fluorescent protein plasmid to mouse cornea mediated by SonoVue and ultrasound.Methods Saline,plasmid+saline,plasmid+SonoVue and liposome+plasmid were injected respectively to mouse eye anterior chamber.Then the mouse eye of plasmid+saline and plasmid+SonoVue injection group were exposed to pulse wave ultrasound under 50 Hz pulse reDetition frequence,2 W/cm2 intensity and 10 minutes duration time.Fluorescence stereomicroscope was used to observe the expression of EGFP in the eye at the 1 st day,3rd day,7th day,14th and 21 st day after injection.Two mice were taken randomly from each group and were sacrificed at the 3rd day after injection.Their eyes were enucleated and made into frozen coronal sections.And fluorescence microscopy was performed to observe the type and distribution of EGFP positive cell.Tissue damage was observed in pathological section.Results EGFP was exDressed over the ocular surface in SonoVue and ultrasound group,and it obviously higher than only ultrasound exDosure group and liposome group.The expression of EGFP was not detect ed over the ocular surface in other groups.Pathological sections were not found any difference in each group.Conclusions SonoVue and ultrasound can successfully and safely transfer gene to ocular in vivo study.

BACKGROUND: More and more researches prove that cell apoptosis could be induced by glutamine, also there are more researches on studying the indirect and direct nervous-protective effects of insulin, but the nervous-protective effects of insulin on impairment induced by glutamine, as well as its mechanism still need further investigation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nervous-protective effects of insulin on impairment induced by glutamine in PC12 cells, and to explore its molecular mechanism.DESIGN: A prospective controlled study based on cells.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Hospital; Department of Neurology of Sun Yat-wen University Hospital.MATERIALS: The study was carried out at the Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital and the Experimental Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University from March 2002 to March 2003. PC12 cells were purchased from the same animal center.METHODS: Traumatic models were made in PC 12 cells by treated with 0.5 mmol/L glutamine for 20 minutes, and the insulin of different concentration were used for protection, after 24 hours, protective effects of insulin were assessed with MTT method, Hoechst33258 fluorescence staining, DNA agar gelatin electrophoresis, meanwhile the expression of PKB/Akt protein were also detected./Akt protein in experimental group.RESULTS: The A value of50 mU/L, 100 mU/L, 200 mU/L, 400 mU/L insulin groups were 0. 214 ±0. 062, 0. 234 ±0. 067, 0. 260 ±0. 076 and 0. 265 ± 0. 069, respectively, but the value of single glutamine group was 0. 201 ± 0. 079, statistical analysis indicated that compared with single glutamine group, there were no significant difference in 50 mU/L, 100 mU/L insulin groups( P > 0.05), but 200 mU/L, 400 mU/L insulin groups were found statistically different from single glutamine group(t=-2.398,-2. 716, P < 0.05); "DNA Ladder" could not be observed in 400 mU/L insulin group by electrophoresis;It was proved that Insulin could enhance the expression of PKB/Akt protein.CONCLUSION: Insulin has nervous-protective effects on impairment induced by glutamine in PC12 cells, furthermore it also has property of anti-apoptosis, and its protective mechanism might be associated with enhancement of the expression of PKB/Akt protein.