Objective:To explore the oral health status of population in Gansu Province and get scientific information for oral diseases prevention. Methods: An equal-sized stratified multi-stage random sampling design was applied in the investigation. According to standard and method used in the third national oral health epidemiological investigation, the oral health investigation was made in 3 158 people aged 5 years, 12 years, 35-44 years and 65-74 years with a gender ratio of half to half in Gansu. Results: The caries prevalence rate was 55.80%, 19.09%, 61.95% and 78.63% and the caries-filling rate was 3.11%, 10.76%,10.34% and 4.60% in the four groups respectively. Detection rates of gingival bleeding and dental calculus were 82.81%, 93.55%, 85.34% and 69.66%, 99.37%, 92.54% in 12, 35-44 and 65-74 groups respectively. Detection rates of periodontal pocket and diseases of oral mucosa were 60.94%, 62.20% and 6.32%, 7.71% in 35-44 and 65-74 groups respectively. The most denture-prosthesis was removable partial dentures and irregular fixed bridge. Conclusion: The prevalence of caries is serious but better than the average results of the nation in 2005 and the results of Gansu in 1995. The prevalence of periodontal disease is more serious than the results of the nation in 2005. It is essential to strengthen oral health education and oral health service, especially in rural area in Gansu, so as to ensure the oral diseases be treated in time and effectively.

The study compared the traditional medical microbiology experimental teaching with a new experimental teaching pattern,with the students majoring in anaesthesia as the research object. The new pattern mainly deals with the cultivation of the students' creativity by reforming and exploring the plan,the content,the method of experimental teaching and the ways of checking the students' work, adding general and designing experiment,and working out the PPT of the experiments.The result shows the new experimental teaching pattern contributes to the cultivation of the students'abilities of performing experiment, the ways of thinking, creativity and comprehensive analysis. It's better than the traditional experimental teaching pattern.A new medical microbiology experimental teaching systerm which is suit to the students majoring in anaesthesia has been established.

Gardeniae Fructus contains volatile ingredients, however, the species and proportions in different processed products of Gardeniae Fructus are different. In this experiment, volatile ingredients were separated by steam distillation with content of 1.2, 1.0, 0.9, 0.7 µL · g(-1) in Gardeniae Fructus, fried Gardeniae Fructus, stir-baked Gardeniae Fructus, Gardeniae Fructus fried into carbon respectively. One hundred and twenty-four kinds of volatile components were identified by GC-MS. Fifty-three kinds of volatile ingredients consisted in Gardeniae Fructus accounting for 93.85%, 54 kinds in fried Cardeniae Fructus accounting for 92.01%, 32 kinds in stir-baked Cardeniae Fructus accounting for 91.59% and 43 kinds in Gardeniae Fructus fried into carbon accounting for 90.81%. In this paper, analysis of Gardeniae Fructus by GC-MS provides a scientific basis for elucidating the mechanism of different processed products.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; chemistry

Processed Chinese medicine is the core of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industry chain,which directly affects the clinical efficacy and. safety of Chinese patent medicine and clinical formula Decoction pieces. Studied the variation of effective substance in vivo Chinese medicine processing before and after processed, clarifying the effective substance and processing principle is a top priority of the development of Chinese medicine processing. The traditional research method chiefly focus on the variation about chemicals in vitro of processed Chinese medicine, it cannot reveal that the integrity and complexity of processed Chinese medicine efficacy changes, so the change process is the focus of future research in vivo on the base of effective substance of TCM This paper described the research on the base of effective substance of TCM and Processed Chinese medicine research status in vitro, discussed the analytical methods (plasma chemistry, pharmacokinetics, metabonomics) of the dynamic process in vivo about processed Chinese medicine, and pointed out development and related problems in process in vivo on the base of effective substance of TCM, which could provided research ideas and methods for in-depth interpretation of Chinese medicine processing mechanism.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

To develop Students' Practical Ability according to the teaching requirement and culture aim of preventive medicine major,the teaching plan,teaching content,teaching methods,and experimental check-ing methods were explored and the experimental teaching pattern of medical microbiology adapted to pre-ventive medicine major was constructed.The investigation showed that the experimental teaching pattern helped to cultivate the students' operating ability,thinking of scientific research and ability of aggregate and solving analysis.Moreover,it helped to develop the students' co-operative consciousness and team spirit.It indicated that the new pattern was superior to the traditional experimental teaching.

Bilingual teaching is adapted to the development of higher education in china.Based on actual fact of college,teaching mode,evaluation and effect of bilingual teaching on medical microbiology were studied,which started with necessity of bilingual teaching to use original edition teaching material in English. The result would provide some gist to choice the suitable pattern of bilingual teaching for other subject of our college.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of SHENG MAI ZHUSHEYE on the movement parameters and viability of human sperm in vitro.

METHODSWe collected sperm samples from 33 normal fertile men, divided each into two, and cultured them in vitro with SHENG MAI ZHUSHEYE + Hams-F10 and Hams-F10 alone, respectively. Then we measured the straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP) and the amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) of the sperm by computer-aided semen analysis at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h. And the sperm viability was detected.

RESULTSVCL was significantly higher at 8 h (P < 0.05) and very significantly higher at 12 h (P < 0.01) in the SHENG MAI ZHUSHEYE + Hams-F10 group than in the Hams-F10 group. VSL, VAP and ALH were significantly increased in the former group at 4, 8 and 12 h as compared with the latter (P < 0.05). The sperm viability was significantly decreased in the Hams-F10 group at 12 h (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHENG MAI ZHUSHEYE can improve sperm movement parameters and increase sperm viability in vitro.

Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects

BACKGROUNDAlmost all reported fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) kits for prenatal diagnosis use probes from foreign (non-Chinese) countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability of domestic (Chinese) FISH probe sets to detect aneuploidies of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y related to prenatal diagnosis in 4210 cases.

METHODSCytogenetic karyotyping was carried out as a standard prenatal diagnostic test, and amniotic fluid cell interphase FISH analysis was performed using two sets of probes (centromeric probes for chromosomes 18, X, and Y, and locus-specific probes for chromosomes 13 and 21) provided by GP Medical Technologies, Beijing, China. Then we compared the two results and found the performance characteristics for informative FISH results of aneuploidies by the domestic kit probes.

RESULTSIn 4210 cases, 4126 cases generated karyotype results and 133 abnormal karyotypes (including 97 aneuploidies) were found. The FISH results of 98 cases (among them, 31 cases gave normal cytogenetic results) were uninformative. The rate of abnormal cases was 3.2% (133/4126). For the abnormal karyotypes, the rate of aneuploidy was 72.9% (97/133). Among the 97 aneuploidies, there were 58 cases of trisomy 21 (58/97, 59.8%), four cases of trisomy 13, 23 cases of trisomy 18, and 12 cases of sex chromosomal aneuploidies. The total concordance of the two methods was 97.9% (95/97; two cases were mosaics that had a low percentage of abnormal cells), and the concordance of trisomy 21, 13, and 18 by the two methods was 100%.

CONCLUSIONSThe two sets of the domestic FISH kit probes are reliable for prenatal diagnosis. The results demonstrate that FISH is a rapid and accurate clinical method for prenatal identification of chromosome aneuploidies.

Amniotic Fluid ; cytology ; Aneuploidy ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUNDGenetic factors are the main cause of early miscarriage. This study aimed to investigate aneuploidy in spontaneous abortion by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using probes for 13, 16, 18, 21, 22, X and Y chromosomes.

METHODSA total of 840 chorionic samples from spontaneous abortion were collected and examined by FISH. We analyzed the incidence and type of abnormal cases and sex ratio in the samples. We also analyzed the relationship between the rate of aneuploidy and parental age, the rate of aneuploidy between recurrent abortion and sporadic abortion, the difference in incidence of aneuploidy between samples from previous artificial abortion and those from no previous induced abortion.

RESULTSA total of 832 samples were finally analyzed. 368 (44.23%) were abnormal, in which 84.24% (310/368) were aneuploidies and 15.76% (58/368) were polyploidies. The first was trisomy 16 (121/310), followed by trisomy 22, and X monosomy. There was no significant difference in the rate of aneuploidy in the advanced maternal age group (≥ 35 years old) and young maternal age group (<35 years old). However, the rate of trisomy 22 and the total rate of trisomies 21, 13, and 18 (the number of trisomy 21 plus trisomy 13 and trisomy 18 together) showed significantly different in two groups. We found no skewed sex ratio. There was no significant difference in the rate of aneuploidy between recurrent miscarriage and sporadic abortion or between the samples from previous artificial abortion and those from no previous artificial abortion.

CONCLUSIONSAneuploidy is a principal factor of miscarriage and total parental age is a risk factor. There is no skewed sex ratio in spontaneous abortion. There is also no difference in the rate of aneuploidy between recurrent abortion and sporadic abortion or between previous artificial abortion and no previous induced abortion.

Abortion, Habitual ; genetics ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; genetics ; Adult ; Aneuploidy ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sex Ratio

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-NST) and its related technologies in hematological malignancies. 26 patients with hematological malignancies (acute leukemia 10, chronic myeloid leukemia 14, multiple myeloma 2) received allo-NST following conditioning regimens with fludarabine/cyclophosphamide/ATG in 14 cases or busulfan or melphalan/cyclophosphamide/ATG in 12 cases prior to infusion of 2 or 3 collections of G-CSF (600 microg/d) or G-CSF (300 microg/d) plus GM-CSF (300 microg/d) mobilized blood stem cell on the fifth day. A combination of cyclosporine A (CsA) and methotrexate (MTX) was administered for GVHD prophylaxis. Patients were eligible for donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) (or donor stem cell infusion (DSI)) given in graded increments according to the chimeric formation and clinical feature. Generally, the dose of the first infusion was 1 x 10(7)/kg in 4th week post-transplantation. The engraftment analyses included the detection of microsatellite short tandem repeats (STRs), bcr/abl fusion gene, Philadelphia chromosome, HLA-locus analysis, sex chromosome and ABO blood type or blood subtype. The results showed that out of 26 patients, 22 (84.62%) were engrafted, 18/22 were full donor chimerism (FDC) up to now. Acute GVHD occurred in 3/26 (11.54%), while chronic GVHD was diagnosed in 6 out of 26 (23.07%) patients. The incidence and degree of infection and hemorrhage were low and slight. It is concluded that NST is a safe and effective therapy for hematological malignancies, whereas related technologies such as adaptation selected, conditioning regimen and transplantation immunotherapy should be studied further.
Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; epidemiology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods