Objective: To investigate the proliferation of three subtypes of odontogenic keratocysts(OKC), namely simple(not recurrent),recurrent and basal cell naevus syndrome(BCNS) associated lesions. Methods: Ki 67 expression was studied in 34 odontogenic keratocysts(simple, n =10;recurrent, n =12;syndrome, n =12)by biotin streptavidin method using Ki 67 monoclonal antibody after microwave treatment. Ki 67 positive cells were counted manually and related to the area of epithelial lining as determined by computer image analyzer. Results: Ki 67 positive cells per mm 2 in simple odontogenic keratocysts ①, recurrent odontogenic keratocysts ② and BCNS ③ were 1 812.29?606.47, 2 393.88 ?997.08 and 3 983.17?858.92 respectively(① or ② vs ③ P 0.05). Conclusion: The basal cell naevus syndrome associated OKC has a higher rate of epithelial proliferation than non syndrome OKC, the increased epithelial proliferation is correlated with increased recurrence potential. Ki 67 may be an alternative method to differentiate syndrome and non syndrome OKC.

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of falls efficacy among older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) .Methods A total of 218 older patients with T2DM were investigated by the modified falls efficacy scale(MFES) and Morse Fall Scale (MFS) ,questionnaire and observation were both used .Results The average score of falls efficacy was 8 .15 ± 2 .91 .The scores were lowest in the items of walking up and down stairs and going to bed and getting out of bed ,and highest were in the items of dressing and sitting down and standing up from a chair .The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that dura‐tion of diabetes ,diabetic complications and fall history were the main factors influencing their falls efficacy .Conclusion Falls in eld‐erly T2DM patients were in the medium level ,and it′s closely related with duration of diabetes ,its complications and fall history .

s:Objective To explore the anatomical distribution characteristics of pelvic endometriosis lesion, size of the cyst, tissue ad-hesion degree and the correlation with the pain symptoms in patients with ovarian endometriosis cyst. Methods 342 cases of patients with o-varian endometriosis cyst who has underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgical treatment in our hospital were selected as the research objects. According to the pain symptoms, they were divided into the pain group (195 cases) and the painless group (147 cases). The influence of cyst growth area and size on the pain symptoms were compared, and whether there were cyst adhesion and the relationship between adhesion area and pain were analyzed. Results The operation time of pain group was longer. The average operation time was 81. 2 min in pain group while it was 62. 1 min in painless group. The bleeding volum was 74. 3 mL in pain group which was higher than 56. 2 mL in the painless group. The average diameter of cyst was 11. 26 cm in the Pain group, and it was 6. 10 cm painless group. Rate of adhesions in patients of pain group was significantly higher than that of the painless group. Adhesion occured most frequently in ovary, followed by the fallopian tubes. Conclusion Pain symptoms have a close relation with cyst diameter and degree of surrounding tissue adhesion. As the cyst diameter get larger and the surrounding tissue adhesions grow broader, the pain symptoms would be more significant in patients .

The objective of this study was to describe the differences in physical activity with socio-demographic factors and its association with cardiovascular risk factors. It was a cross-sectional study among selected urban and rural Malays communities in Kuching and Samarahan. Physical activity data was obtained using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors was based on blood pressure, fasting cholesterol and glucose and body mass index (BMI). Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. A total of 223 participated with higher response from rural areas (60.1%) and females (61.9%). More than half of the respondents (58.5%) were overweight and obese, with a mean BMI of 25.9 kg/m2 (SD=4.9). About 25% of the respondents were found to have blood pressure in the at-risk range. The prevalence of at-risk blood glucose was 52.3% with a mean value of 7.3mmol/L (SD=3.46). The prevalence of at-risk cholesterol were lower with 31.8%, mean value of 3.5 mmol/L (SD=2.94). There were more active respondents living in rural area (p=0.02). Logistics regression analysis showed that urban area (OR=1.988 95% CI 1.082 to 3.652), systolic blood pressure (OR1.020 95% CI 1.003 to 1.037) and blood cholesterol (OR0.884 95% CI 0.785 to 0.996) were associated with physical activity level. Change of physical activity due to urbanization can increase the risk of obesity and other chronic diseases. Efforts to include physical activity in intervention programme should be more intensified, with more provision of suitable built environment.

Underlying causes of most nutrition related problems are diverse, including biological, social, cultural, and economic factors. Qualitative approaches complement quantitative methods in identifying the underlying meanings and patterns of relationships involved in managing malnutrition. This study examined perceptions regarding malnutrition among health workers from 7 clinics (community and health clinics) in Tumpat, Kelantan. A total of 18 nurses and 2 doctors, who were involved in monitoring child health and nutrition, were included in the study. These health workers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire adapted from Sastry’s framework on malnutrition (Sastry, 1996). The questionnaire included biological, behavioral and environmental factors that influence child health and nutrition. All the health workers perceived that mothers/caregivers play the main role in improving the health of malnourished children. The quality of childcare was rated as moderately satisfactory by the health workers. Most of the affected families who were given the Food Baskets did not fully use all the items for the malnourished child. Child feeding practice was based on the needs of the whole family rather than according to the target child’s needs. Most of the mothers preferred processed cereals than rice porridge because the former is easier to prepare for the child. Although they were from a low socioeconomic background, most of the mothers were not earning additional income for the family. The qualitative methodology provided information that can be used as a basis for the designing of quantitative questionnaires to assess malnutrition among children. The induction characteristic of qualitative methods was used to gain an understanding of the underlying reasons or phenomena such as behaviours that are directly observable.
Health ; Child ; Malnutrition ; workforce ; Nutritional status

Introduction: Physical inactivity is the one of the leading causes of major non-communicable diseases in the world. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of an intervention program based on the stages of change, physical activity levels and health profiles of selected overweight and obese adults in Sarawak. Methods: This intervention study was carried out using selected overweight and obese adults in Sarawak. A total of 75 participants were placed in the intervention group, and 80 respondents were placed in the control group participated. Respondent-determined weekly aerobic exercise sessions were conducted for six months. The Malay version of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Transtheoretical model of change (TTM) questionnaire were used, together with anthropometric measurements and the collection of venous fasting blood profiles. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Results: The intervention group had significant better stage transitions compared to the control group (p<0.01). They also had significantly lower total cholesterol, although both groups showed significant results (difference= 0.53, p<0.01; difference= 0.38, p=0.01). The respondent-determined intervention program was effective in improving stage transition; however, an intervention of longer duration could provide more conclusive health outcomes. Conclusion: Physical activity plays a role in assisting overweight and obese adults to be more active and healthier.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Sarcoma ; pathology ; Spleen ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

Adult ; Burnout, Professional ; Female ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Professional Competence ; Work ; psychology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical features of subarachnoid hemorrhagic moyamoya disease and the therapeutic effect of encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS). Methods The clinical and imaging data of 38 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhagic moyamoya disease admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,the 307th Hospital of PLA from January 2002 to April 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-five patients underwent unilateral or bilateral EDAS (64-sides underwent EDAS,4 patients with aneurysms underwent endovascular embolization first),and 3 patients did not undergo any surgery. Results (1)Subarachnoid hemorrhagic moyamoya disease accounted for 10. 8%(38/353)of all the hemorrhagic moyamoya disease admitted in hospital over the same period,including 37 adults and 1 child. The male to female ratio was 1∶3. 22 (9/29),and the age of onset was 12 to 59 years. The mean age of patients was 39 ± 11 years. Four patients were combined with aneurysms. There were no significant differences in the distribution of Suzuki stage,anterior choroidal artery dilatation and posterior communicating artery dilatation in the remaining 34 patients without aneurysms between the bleeding sides and non-bleeding sides (P>0.05). (2 ) The patients were followed up for 13 -125 months (mean 51 ± 27 months ),two patients had rebleeding,one of them was intraventricular hemorrhage,the other was parenchymal hemorrhage. The postoperative modified Rankin score (mRS)was significantly lower in 35 patients whom were treated with EDAS. Compared with before surgery,there was significant difference (P<0. 05). The re-examination of positron emission tomography (PET)for 16 patients at 3 to 19 months after surgery showed that among the 23 surgically treated hemispheres,the cerebral metabolisms of 17 hemispheres were improved after surgery, and 6 did not have any change after surgery. The re-examination of whole brain digital subtraction angiography (DSA)at 5 to 30 months after surgery in 13 patients showed that revascularizations in 19 of 23 surgical hemispheres were effective. Conclusion Subarachnoid hemorrhagic moyamoya disease often occurs in adults,and women are more common. EDAS can achieve good revascularization effect and improve brain metabolism of patients,and thus relieve the symptoms of cerebral ischemia.

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution and antibiotic resistance of the isolated pathogens from children with infectious diarrhea in Guangzhou.

METHODSThe fecal samples of 2 409 children with infectious diarrhea between January 2006 and December 2007 were collected and cultured. Pathogenic bacterium were isolated and identified by biochemical and serological methods. The antibiotic susceptibilities were tested by the Kirby-Bauer method.

RESULTSA total of 448 isolates of pathogenic bacterium (18.6%) were obtained, including Shigella (n=159), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (n=141), Salmonella (n=76), Vibrion (n=11), fungus (n=41), and C jejuni (n=20). All of isolates of the three major pathogenic bacterium, Shigella, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella, were susceptible to imipenem and less than 10% of the isolates were resistant to the third generation cephalosporins and beta-lactamase inhibitors. However, the isolates showed a high resistance to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (>75%).

CONCLUSIONSShigella, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella were major pathogenic bacterium of diarrhea in children from Guangzhou. The major isolates were susceptible to imipenem, the third generation cephalosporins and beta -lactamase inhibitors, but were resistant to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.

Adolescent ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Female ; Fungi ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male