The Ⅳ stage esophageal cancer refers to exist regional lymph nodes and distant organs in patients with metastases. Palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the primary treatment. With the deepening of the clinical study,radiotherapy and chemotherapy are no longer single treatment,chemotherapy combined molecular targeted drugs,chemo-radiotherapy and some new treatment methods have been gradually recognized, and especially molecular targeted drugs began to establish its position in the treatment of tumor. Application of various methods individual or combined treatment can effectively prolong survival and improve the quality of life.

Objective To investigate and analyze structure of risk perceived by people using HIV voluntary counseling and testing services and related factors.Method Two hundred and sixty eight VCT users were selected from 2 CDCs and 2 hospitals in Beijing and their perceived risks in the process of VCT were assessed by using self-administered question- naires.Factor analysis was performed to understand the relationship between different perceived risks,and risks perceived by different users were evaluated.Results Six factors were obtained from the factor analysis which included:fear of priva- cy disclosure,embarrassment,concern over the reliability of HIV tests,cost & time consumption,the tragic outcomes of HIV positive tests,and potential medical expenditures in the future.And the risks perceived by low and high income users were much higher than those perceived by middle income users.Conclusion There are clear structure of risks perceived by people using HIV voluntary counseling and testing,and people with different incomes have different levels of perceived risks.

Objective To study the relationship between Bcl-2/Bax protein expression and the degree of malignancy of astrocytoma.Methods Bcl-2/Bax protein expression positive rate and apoptotic cell rate were determined using immunohistochemical technique and TUNEL, in 10 normal human brain tissues and 80 human astrocytoma specimens of differently malignant degrees confirmed by pathology separatively. Results Bcl-2/Bax protein positive expression was not found in normal human brain tissues, and apoptotic cell rate was only (0 6?0 1)%. The differences of Bcl-2/Bax protein expression positive rate and apoptotic cell rate were statistically significant in the differently malignant degrees(P

Objective To understand the sanitary quality of the blood dialysate in hospitals in Hu'nan and its influential factors. Methods Pyrogen,total count of bacteria,22 physical and chemical indexes including calcium,chloride,fluoride,zinc,sodium and other indexes in the blood dialysate samples collected from blood dialysis rooms in 99 hospitals distributed among 14 cities and states in Hu'nan were measured according to the Sanitary Standards of Drinking Water and the Sanitary Standards for Disinfection Technology. The data of analysis were evaluated based on the standards for the blood dialysate ruled by ASAIO and AAMI. The questionnaire on the status operation and maintenance of the water purification system for blood dialysate was performed simultaneously. Results The sanitary quality of the blood dialysate samples from 31 hospitals were completely accorded with the related standards with a qualified rate of 32%. The qualified rates were 44.4%,71.7%,90.9%,97.0%,99.0%,99.0%,99.0% for pyrogen,total count of bacteria,calcium,chloride,fluoride,zinc,sodium in the blood dialysate samples respectively. The blood dialysate from the water treatment system established and put into production during 2000-2003 showed higher qualified rate(45.1%)compared with that during 1995-1999(16.7%),?2=9.293,P

Objective To understand the effect of the organic extracts of tap water deeply treated with O3-BAC on DNA damage. Methods During June to July 2005, water samples were collected from 6 sites in waterworks A treated with O3-BAC, the raw water, the pre-chlorination water, the filtration water, the post-ozonation water, the BAC water and the tap water respectively and 4 sites in waterworks B treated by general treatment, the raw water, the pre-chlorination water, the filtration water, and the tap water respectively. The test was carried out on extracts of water sample from waterworks A with dosage(7.00, 3.00, 1.50, 1.00, 0.75, 0.38 L/plate)and waterworks B with dosage(7.00, 3.00, 1.00 L/plate)using S.typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test, Comet assay were used on extracts of water sample from waterworks A with dosage(3.00, 1.50, 0.75, 0.38 L/plate). Human embryo lung fibroblast (KMB17 strain) p53 ELISA were used with dosage(3.00, 1.00, 0.3 L/plate). Results Ames test showed that in the waterworks A, at the dose of 7.0 L, the revertants of the raw water, pre-chlorination water, the filtration water on TA98-S9 and 7.0 L, 3.0 L/plate, the revertants of the raw water, pre-ozonation water, filtration water on TA98+S9 were twice more than that of solvent control; in waterworks B, at the dose of 7.0 L/plate, the revertants of the raw water, pre-chlorination water, filtration water on TA98-S9 and 7.0 L, 3.0 L/plate the revertants of the tap water on TA98-S9, and 7.0 L/plate pre-chlorination water on TA98+S9 were twice more than that of solvent control. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test showed that in waterworks A, at the dose of 3.0 L/plate, the micronucleus rates of the raw water, filtration water were significant high than that of solvent control(P

Objective To discuss the correlation between tyre bursting and traffic accidents on highways. Methods A retrospective statistical analysis was carried out on traffic accidents resulted from tyre bursting on the Guangzhou-Shenzhen highway from 1998 to 2000. Results During three years, there occurred 2 484 cases of traffic accidents on the Guangzhou-Shenzhen highway, of which 848 cases resulted from tyre bursting, accounting for 34.14% (848/2 484). During a day, incidence from 10:00 to 16:00 was 55.54% (471/848), which was higher than that in any other time, and the highest incidence was at 14:00, accounting for 9.67% (82/848). During a year, incidence from April to September was 56.84% (482/848), higher than that in any other months. Considering the tyre factor, accidents resulted from burst of single right posterior tyre were 398 cases, occupying 46.93% (398/848) of the total, which was more than those resulted from burst of any other tyres. The second dangerous burst position was on the left posterior tyre, from which accidents reached 295 cases occupying 34.79% ((295/848)) of the total. Of all, 848 cases of tyre bursting accidents resulted in 12 deaths and 200 injuries, which accounted for 22.55% of the total death and wound (212/940). There were 58 cases of craniocerebral trauma, 32 chest trauma, seven abdominal injuries, 25 spinal cord injuries, four pelvic injuries, 52 branches injuries, 127 soft tissue injuries all through the body and 106 combined injuries. Conclusions Tyre bursting is a vital factor for traffic accidents on highways of South China. In order to effectively reduce traffic accidents on the highways, we must prevent overspeed driving, strengthen the regular check of the tyres and normalize corresponding management.

Objective To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of group A/C meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine.Methods The double-blind,randomized,parellel controlled,single central clinical trial was carried out to evaluat safety and immunogenicity of MCV-A/C.Results 4-fold rise rate of antibody to group A,C and A/C were more than 90 percent after MCV.The GMTs of antibody serogroup A and C were more than 1:150 in four trial groups aged 3-5 months,6-23 months,2-15 years and 16-30 years,for which the susceptive subjects seroprotected.There were no significant differences between MCV and the control group in the systemic and local reactions rates.The systemic and local reactions rates after the first,second and third dose of MCV were low.And no severe systemic and local reactions.Conclusion Group A/C MCV was safe and immunogenic for the population≥ 3 months old.Registration National Food drugs Surveillance administrative bureau,Medicine Clinical Experiment Written Directive from a superior" number:2006L04776.

OBJECTIVE To explore the infection situation of surgical operation and enhance postoperative(observation) and rational use of antibiotics.METHODS Totally 11 208 cases after surgical operation were(investigated)(retrospectively).The diagnosis standard was based on the Diagnosis Standard of Hospital(Infection)(Draft) published by Ministry of Health,the People′s Republic of China in Jan 2001. RESULTS There were(11 208) cases after surgical operation from Jan 1,2000 to Dec 31,2004 in our hospital and 275 cases suffered(incision)(infection,) there(infection) rate was 2.45%.The pathogenic bacteria of incision infection were confirmed as G~-(bacilli)(72 strains,78.26%),and G~+ cocci(20 strains,21.74%).CONCLUSIONS The key points of prevention of incision infection are sterile operation,protection of operation field when incising cavity organ,inside(sterilization),flushing of abdominal cavity and incision,change of contaminated apparatus,gloves and dressing promptly,(selection) of suture line and suture technique,besides the serious operation preparedness and skin(sterilization).

Aim To study the mechanism of curcumin induced U251 cell apoptosis. Methods U251 cells were treated with 20～100?mol?L~ -1 curcumin for 24 h and the growth inhibition rates of U251 cells were measured with MTT method. MTT method was used to measure the caspase inhibitors effect on curcumin too. Cell apoptosis was inspected with flow cytometry (FCM) and observed using electron microscope. The protein levels of FAK in U251 cells were observed by SP immunocytochemistry. The activity of caspase-3 was measured by spectrofluorometry. Results Curcumin inhibited the proliferation of U251 cells,induced apoptosis of U251 cells. At the same time the protein levels of FAK in U251 cells decreased and the activity of caspase-3 increased significantly. The apoptosis of U251 cells was partially reversed by caspase inhibitors. Conclusion Curcumin induced apoptosis via inhibition of expression of FAK and activation of caspase-3.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the changes in expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and interferon-α (IFN-α) in patients with different clinical outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), and to explore the relationship between the expression of TLR3 and IFN-α with the clinical outcomes of HCV infection. Methods A total of 149 HCV infected patients who received initial treatment were selected from Hainan General Hospital between September 2020 and August 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: chronic hepatitis C (CHC) group (n=129) and liver cirrhosis (LC) group (n=20). Additionally, 28 volunteers were selected as the control group during the same period. All patients with HCV infection were first treated with Sofosbuvir/Vipatavir tablets for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected at 0, 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks after treatment. Liver function indicators were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while TLR3 mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRCR), IFN-α was detected by Luminex multiplex cytokine assays. Measurement data subject to normal distribution were represented by x±s, and t test was used between groups. Compare differences between groups. Results TLR3 mRNA in CHC group was higher than that in LC group and control group at baseline (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of DAAs treatment, TLR3 mRNA in CHC and LC groups was significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). TLR3 mRNA in the CHC group was gradually down-regulated to the level of the control group at 12, 24, and 48 weeks. In addition, IFN-α expression gradually increased with prolonged treatment, while it decreased in the LC group. The liver inflammation indicators in both the CHC and LC groups partially recovered after treatment with DAAs. Conclusions TLR3 is involved in viral clearance and chronic inflammatory response. The expression difference of TLR3 in patients with different clinical outcomes of HCV infection after DAAs treatment may be related to the severity of the disease.