The head injury patients is very common in clinic and it is complicated to cure them.Furthermore,many ethical questions are involved during the treatment,which are discussed in the article.The aim is to be helpful to protect both patients'and medical staff's right,reduce medical disputes and form a good relationship between doctors and patients from the view of ethics.Accordingly,the patients of head injury will acquire better treatment.

Objective: To explore the personality traits in the people at high risk for schizophrenia.Methods: 188 individuals at high risk for schizophrenia,and 321 normal controls were assessed by Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire(SPQ).Results: The score of negative schizotypal dimension in SPQ in the individuals at high risk was higher than in the normal controls.Conclusion: The people at high risk for schizophrenia have negative schizotypal personality traits which may represent a genetic endophenotype for schizophrnia.

Objective: To study the right hemisphere function state of NLD children. Methods: Adapting tachistoscopic vision and Benton Revised Visual Retention Test (VRT), three groups involving 20 children each were studied. Results: Under the tachistoscopic vision, NLD children achived poorly in recognition of nonverbal stimulus; and they do worse also in VRT test, with more errors of omission and distortion. Conclusion: Compared with normal children, the function of NLD children's right hemisphere is relatively weaker.

ObjectiveTo assess different treatments on nonspecific low back pain.Methods246 subjects were assigned to 3 groups, a control group(n=82), a home exercise group(n=82) or a strengthening exercise group(n=82). Follow-up data were obtained at 1 months, 3 months and 6 months after the treatment. Primary outcome measures were modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire for disability and Numeric Pain Rating Scale for pain.ResultsThe home exercise and strengthening exercise groups experienced greater improvements in disability than the control group 6 months after the treatment. The strengthening exercise group demonstrated greater change than home exercise group.ConclusionActive rehabilitation therapy may benefit nonspecific low back pain patients.

ObjectiveTo prospectively study the safety and feasibility of sedation with propofol plus fentanyl for cirrhotic patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE).MethodsA total of 50cirrhotic patients and 50 control subjects without liver diseases referred to UGIE were assigned to the cirrhotic sedation group and the non-cirrhotic sedation group,respectively.Patients of both groups received sedation with propofol plus fentanyl.Meanwhile,30 cirrhotic patients underwent conventional UGIE.Vital signs of all subjects were recorded before sedation and procedure,five minutes,ten minutes and one hour after the procedure.Number connection test A (NCT-A) and line tracing test (LTT) were completed for all patients before sedation or procedures and 4 hours after endoscopy procedures.Occurrence of sedation-related complications was measured.ResultsIn the cirrhotic sedation group and the non-cirrhotic sedation group,blood pressure,heart rate,respiratory rate and saturation of pulse oximetry decreased of different degrees after secation (P ＞ 0.05 or P＜ 0.05),but returned to normal one hour after endoscopy procedures ( P ＞ 0.05).The total complication rates differed significantly between the cirrhotic sedation group and the non-cirrhotic sedation group [ 36％ (18/50) v.s.14％ (7/50),P ＜0.05 ].However,the rate of such complications as hypotension,bradycardia and hypoxemia in both groups was of no statistical difference (P ＞0.05 ).No cirrhotic patient developed overt hepatic encephalopathy after procedures.In addition,the NCT-A and LTT times before and after sedation in the cirrhotic sedation group and the cirrhotic non-sedation group were longer than those before and after procedure in the non-cirrhotic sedation group ( before sedation or procedure:(55.1 ±22.1)s,(58.6±23.1)s v.s.(36.9±7.0)s,(98.6±33.1)s,(89.5±15.6)s v.s.(81.4±13.6)s,P＜0.05; four hours after procedure:(54.4 ±21.6)s,(58.3 ±22.4)s v.s.(36.3 ±6.3)s,(88.4 ±30.6)s,(80.2 ±15.9)s v.s.(71.8 ± 12.0)s,P＜0.05,while there was no difference between cirrhotic sedation group and cirrhotic non-sedation group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Within-group comparison showed NCT-A did not change ( P ＞ 0.05 ),whereas,LTT was obviously shorter than pre-sedation or pre-procedure ( P ＜ 0.05) due to learning effect.The differences in the NCT-A and LTT times before and after sedation or procedure were not significant among the three groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionSedation with propofol plus fentanyl is relatively safe in cirrhotic patients during UGIE,which will not precipitate hepatic encephalopathy or cause irreversible complications.

Objective To design a set of quality control management platform of ECG monitor in order to evaluate the quality of ECG monitor quickly and objectively and monitor and record the whole course of quality control.Methods The quality control platform was designed with the existing ECG monitor quality control methods, the existing detection devices, database technique and digital recognition technique based on neural network.Results The platform could be used for the intelligent data acquisition, data recognition, data analysis and statistics of ECG monitor quality control.Conclusion The platform may enhance the quality control of ECG monitor greatly.

Pressed biscuits were fortified with gelatin encapsulated VA powder, VC phosphate Mg and VB2 tetrabutyrate. The biological effects of these vita-rains were examined by human experiments. In 7 days of the experimental period, the subjects of the 1st group (10 male adults) took the fortified biscuit freely which contained 7500 IU VA powder, 5.16 mg B2 tetrabutyrate ( = 3mg VB2) and 308mg VC phosphate ( = 140 mgVC) in 750 g. The 2nd group took 250 g biscuit freely containing the same amount of vitamin and unfortified pressed biscuit. The 3rd group took only the unfortified ones freely. 5 days before or after fhe experimental period the subjects ate vitamin restricted diets. The nutritional status of VB2 was estimated by 24 hrs. urinary VB2 values, that of VC by urinary and fasting plasma VC levels, and that of VA by fasting plasma VA values.The urinary levels of VB2, VC and plasma values of VC of group 1 and 2 at the end of the experimental period were significantly higher than those of the pre-experimental period. They were also higher than those of group 3. On the 5th day of the post-experimental period, the status of VB2 and VC of group 1 and 2 was still better than that of group 3. Because the subjects were not in VA deficiency, the plasma levels of VA were kept steady.The stabilities of these vitamins in the fortified pressed biscuit were compared with those of ordinary vitamins. Stored in 85% RH 32℃ for 20 months, encapsulated VA powder retained 76%, VC phosphate 84%, but the ordinary VA only 14%, VC 29%. Stored in room temp. 75% RH for 2 years, the VA encapsulated powder retained 73%, VC phosphate 96%, but ordinary VA only 8%, VC 22.3%. In room temp. for 2 years, encapsulated VA powder retained 87%, VC phosphate almost did not lost, but ordinary VA retained 8%, VC retained 25% only. The stability of the VB2 tetrabutyrate was almost the same as that of VB2. It was shown by the guinea pig growth experiment that VC phosphate in pressed biscuit stored 20 months possessed the same biological effect as VC crystal.

Objective: To observe the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on proliferation, cell cycle and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: HUVECs were culturedin vitro at the concentration of (1×105/ml) and the cells were divided into 2 sets of groups:CSWT group, the cells were treated by different energy of (0.03, 0.09, 0.18, 0.24) mJ/mm2 respectively and corresponding Control group, in which the cells had no CSWT. HUVEC proliferation was detected by CCK colorimetric method, cell cycle was measured by lfow cytometry, mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1 were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively. Results: Compared with Control group, (0.09 mJ/mm2) CSWT group had promoted HUVECs proliferation,P<0.05 and the other CSWT groups were similar to corresponding Control groups,P>0.05; (0.09 mJ/mm2) CSWT group showed decreased proportion of G0/G1 stage and increased S and G2/M stages, allP<0.05; while (0.03 mJ/mm2) CSWT group only increased the proportion of G2/M stage,P<0.05 and the other CSWT groups were similar to corresponding Control group,P>0.05. Compared with Control group, (0.09 mJ/mm2 ) and (0.03mJ/mm2) CSWT groups showed increased mRNA expression of ICAM-1 (9.27±0.95) vs (1.02±0.27),P<0.001 and (7.08±0.60) vs (1.02±0.27),P<0.01; (0.09 mJ /mm2) CSWT group had elevated protein expression of ICAM-1,P<0.05. Conclusion: ESWT especially at (0.09 mJ/mm2) may accelerate cell cycle transition from G0/G1 stage to S and G2/M stages, promote HUVECs proliferation and increase ICAM-1 expression which may play important roles in ESWT facilitated angiogenesis in vitro.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that extracorporeal shock wave therapy is an effective, safe, and non-invasive treatment for ischemic heart disease, which can improve angiogenesis in the ischemic myocardium. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research advances in promotion of angiogenesis for ischemic myocardium by extracorporeal shock wave therapy. METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed database and CNKI database was performed for relevant articles published between 1998 and 2014 with key words of “shock wave, ischemic heart disease, angiogenesis, cytokine, stem cel” in English and Chinese, respectively. Articles related to the promotion of angiogenesis for ischemic cardiovascular disease by extracorporeal shock wave were selected. Repetitive articles were excluded. According to inclusion criteria, 51 literatures were selected in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy can improve angiogenesis in the ischemic myocardium by mobilizing proliferation and differentiation of stem cels into vascular endothelial cels, and by enhancing the expression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Moreover, the extracorporeal shock wave therapy can create a local favorable microenvironment for angiogenesis by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis and by regulating components of the extracelular matrix. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy plays an important role in the angiogenesis of ischemic myocardium and displays a good clinical prospect in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. However, the specific mechanism requires further studies.