Burns, Chemical ; Humans ; Phenols ; adverse effects

A total of 23 new cancer medicines or indication expansions were approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Among these, 12 are new molecular entities (NMEs)--new chemical or biological drugs approved for the first time for oncologic use--and 10 of these NMEs are molecular targeted agents. Among the 10 targeted agents, 4 are anti-angiogenesis agents and 2 are Bcr-Abl pathway inhibitors, targeting well established targets validated by previously approved agents such as bevacizumab (Avastin) or imatinib (Gleevec). Despite this progress, several questions remain: Do these newly approved agents provide sufficient treatment options to manage the broad spectrum of cancers we deal with in the clinic? Where will the next wave of new cancer drugs come from? Where should R&D efforts be invested to continue improve cancer treatment and management, especially for tumor types uniquely prevalent in China? This editorial and the review articles in this special issue of Chinese Journal of Cancer provide an in depth review of the progress and challenges in developing targeted cancer therapies, as well as an outlook of new research areas where near term breakthroughs are expected to overcome some of these challenges.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; China ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Discovery ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoplasms ; therapy

Functional gastrointestinal diseases(FGIDs) mainly include functional dyspepsia (FD),irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),functional constipation (FC) and functional abdominal pain syndrome (FAPS).In gastroenterology outpatient,42%～61% FGIDs patients have psychological factors,mostly depression and anxiety.The personality of these patients are almost introvert.Negative life events can be an incentive to lead to depression and anxiety which can aggravate the functional gastrointestinal symptoms.Clinical manifestations include long-term abdominal discomfort,abdominal pain (some with no fixed position),abdominal distension,anorexia,change in bowel habits,retrosternal and upper abdominal burning pain or overlapping symptoms.Some have obvious emotional performance.Dyspepsia symptom score of FD patients with mental disorders are higher than those who have no emotional performance and the gastric emptying decrease greatly than the latter.FGIDs treated by systemic therapy but with no improvement in symptoms may have somatization,compulsion,interpersonal tension,depression,anxiety and other psychological disorders.So psychological evaluation should be carried out to make early recognition for refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Objective To discuss the correlation between the expressions of high mobility group protein box 1(HMGB1),VEGF-C/D and lymph node metastasis in colon cancer.Methods Forty-five colon cancer samples were stained by immunohistochemical method for VEGF-C/D,HMGB1.The correlations of VEGF-C/D,HMGB1 expressions and lymph node metastasis were analyzed statistically.Results Positive HMGB1 expression was in 33 specimens,lymph node metastasis was in 27 specimens with 23 specimens of positive HMGB1 and non-lymph node metastasis was in 18 specimens with 10 specimens of positive HMGB1.Positive VEGF-C expression was in 27 specimens with 20 in lymph node metastasis.The expression of HMGB1 was consistent with VEGF-C expression,and HMGB1 and VEGF-C expressions were closely correlated with lymph node metastasis,but not with age,sex,cellular differentiation.Conclusion HMGB1 and VEGF-C expression may become predictor to the prognosis of colon cancer patients.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect on treating hysteromyoma with compound acetic acid gossypol tablets.Methods 50 patients who are diagnosed with hysteromyoma take compound acetic acid gossypol tablets 20mg after supper every day for 3 months. Then Monitor the size of uteruses and tumors of the patients,hemoglobinuria routine、liver function、blood sugar、blood ester、follicle stimu- lating hormone、luteinizing hormone、lactation hormone、progestogen hormone、androsterone hormone using B-ultrasound waves before and after treatment.Results patients will have amenorrhea during treatment and the symptom will disappear.The tumor will dwindle in size by 54.66%(P＜0.01)on average.The Hysteromyoma will dwindle by 50.66%(P＜0.05)on average.Also hemoglobin,Hb returns to nom- al.As a result,the blood sugar and lactation harmone reduce a lot than that before treatment.And other monitoring quality doesnt change obviously.Conclusions There is of great effect using compound acetic acid gossypol tablets to treat hysteromyoma and it has no side effect.It is an available conservative treatment.

Immunotoxin consists of the antibody, which can specifically recognize relative antigen on the surface of leukemic cell, and intact ricin, which kill cell. It is very profitable to eliminate leukemic cell from bone marrow for prophylaxis of leukemia relapse after bone marrow transplantation. In the study, we reported that clongoenic leukemic cell (Nalm-6) were eliminated by two different immunotoxins (with CD9 and CD10). The inhibiting effect of immunotoxins in useful dose on the proliferation of hemopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-mix, BFU-E and CFU-GM) was not obviously.It is probably that immunotoxins will be used in autologous bone marrow transplation.

Looking back to the history of the 20th century contributes to the rise of bioethics and the unification of international law on the present age.In the times of rapid scientific and economic development,it is either a core issue of bioethics or a starting point of international law that how humans should survive and establish a relationship with the nature.And a series of common behavior criteria for human being are being or will being established to seek a co-existent path between peoples as well as between human being and nature.

Objective To explore the effect of pregnancy outcome with cervical cold knife conization in pa -tients with early stage cervical cancer .Methods 23 patients with cold knife conization and 21 patients with radical trachelectomy were collected .The pregnancy outcome and perinatal infants between the two groups were compared . Results The pregnancy rate was 82.6%in the observation group,71.4%in the control group,there was statistically significant difference(χ2 =8.654,P=0.002);the section rate was 37.5% in the observation group,30.8% in the control group,there was statistically significant difference (χ2 =9.645, P =0.000 );10 cases of term delivery (62.5%)and birth weight was(3.27 ±1.15)in the observation group,term delivery(69.2%)and birth weight was (2.81 ±0.96)in the control group,proportion and birth weight were statistically significant differences (χ2 =11.671, P=0.000)(t =9.683,P=0.000);there were statistical significance in the outcome of pregnancy (Fisher P=0.036)and perinatal infants(Fisher P=0.034)among patients with different cervical conization height;the relapse rate was 4.4% in observation group,9.5% in the control group,the relapse rate of the two groups had significant difference(Fisher P =0.039).Conclusion Compared with radical trachelectomy ,patients treated by cold knife conization has high pregnancy rate and high cesarean section rate ,which can influence the outcome of pregnancy and perinatal infants .

Objective To understand cerebral edema and development procedure of different time windows.Methods To analyze their prognosis through image document and operation findings of 52 cerebral trauma patients which were confirmed cerebral edema by CT and operation.Results he light cerebral oedema patients have a better prognosis,10 patients died and 1 patient became a plant man in 11 malignant brain dilatation patients.Conclusion The infernal circle of high brain pressure-cerebral ischemia,cerebral anoxia-cerebral edema result in cerebral edema-brain dilatation-malignant brain dilatation after cerebral trauma which leads to unremitting aggravated pathogenefic condition.So effective means should be used to interrupt the unremitting heightening ICP.