Objective: To evaluate the quality of gentiana macrophylla from different origins in Gansu by determination the content of gentiopicroside.Methods: HPLC method was used.Results: The calibration curve of gentiopicroside was linear within 0.52-5.2?g(r=0.9991),the average recovery rate was 99.2%(RSD=1.23%,n=5).Conclusion: The content of gentiopicroside among gentiana macrophylla from different origins in Gansu are different,and all of them are higher than the standard of China Pharmacopoeia.Gentiopicroside content in planting gentiana macrophylla is higher than that of wild gentiana macrophylla.It provides a scientific basis of cultivating gentiana macrophylla and protecting wild gentiana macrophylla.

Objective To explore a simple and effective way of establishing a 30 % small-forsize liver transplantation in rats. Methods SD rats were selected as the donors and recipients. Smallfor-size orthotopic live transplantation was performed using Kamada's two-cuff method. Donor's liver was flushed via abdominal aorta and hepatectomy in situ was done. Animals were divided into 3 groups (40 pairs of rats in each): group Ⅰ , median lobe was used as graft; group Ⅱ, right of median lobe and right lobe were used as graft; group Ⅲ, median and right lobes were used as graft. The body weight of the donor was the same as the recipient in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ , but 100～ 120 g less than in group Ⅲ. The operating time, 7-day survival and technical complications were compared among these 3 groups. Results The operating time of hepatectomy was shorter in group Ⅲ than in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (8. 8±0.7 vs 11.5± 1.1 vs 10.1 ±1.0 min, P＜0.01). The cold ischemia time of graft, the anhepatic time, the operating time of recipient and the transplanting successful rate showed no significant difference among the 3 groups. Compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ , the incidence of bleeding,bile leakage and IVC stricture was significantly decreased in group Ⅲ (P＜0. 05). Other complications after operation showed no significant difference among the 3 groups (P＞0. 05). Group Ⅲ had more 7-days survivors and longer median survival time, but there was no significant difference among the 3groups. Conclusion Small for donor body weight with median and right lobes as graft was a more effective and simple way of establishing a 30 % small-for-size liver transplantation in rats with shorter hepatectomy time and less complications after operation.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected patients in Beijing and investigate the associated factors.Methods:The clinical data of patients with HIV infection who were treated in HIV/AIDS designated hospitals (Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Ditan Hospital and Beijing Youan Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 11 572 patients were finally included in the study, among whom 532 patients (4.6%) were co-infected with HIV and HBV. Most of the co-infected patients were young male adults (28~48 years old), accounting for 85.9%. The main transmission route was homosexual behavior (74.8%). There were 87.4% co-infected patients treated with two anti-HBV drugs, including lamivudine (3TC) and tenofovir (TDF). From 2013 to 2018, the annual prevalence of HIV and HBV co-infection decreased gradually, with the rate of 6.37%, 4.55%, 3.92%, 4.68%, 4.24% and 2.74%, respectively. In our study, The main influencing factors of HIV and HBV co-infection were age older than 28 years old versus<28 years old ( OR=2.807, 95% CI 1.241-6.345) and marriage status (married versus unmarried, OR=1.259, 95% CI 1.004-1.579). Conclusions:The proportion of HBV infection in HIV-infected patients is 4.60% (532) in our cohort. From 2013 to 2018, the prevalence of HIV and HBV co-infection in Beijing shows a decreasing trend. The risk of co-infection is higher in married young adults (28~48 years old).

Objective To optimize the producing area and parts of Gardenia roots. Methods Oleanolic acid 3-acetate was hydrolysed into Oleanolic acid in Gardenia roots from 10 different origins, and root, stem, leaf of Gardenia from Liuyang Hunan, and the content was determined by HPLC. Results The content of oleanolic acid 3-acetate in Gardenia roots of different origins from high to low was:Shaodong, Liuyang of Hunan>Anji of Zhejiang, Guiyang of Hunan>Ningxiang, Anhua of Hunan, Zhangshu of Jiangxi>Liling, Pinjiang, Youxian of Hunan. The content in root was 2 times of that in stem and leaf. Conclusion Experimental data were provided for the optimization of producing area and part of Gardenia roots.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in the bile duct epithelium,it is the second most common malignant tumor of the liver and bile duct after hepatocellular carcinoma.Imaging examination is an important method to detect bile duct cancer;the purpose of imaging is to determine the location of the tumor,and the extent of invasion and distant metastasis.Different imaging methods have their advantages and disadvantages,so they should be chosen based on the condition of patients,or be optimized as the combined detection.

Objective To study the characteristics of ocular trauma inside of the tank after being bit by the antitank bombs to provide experimental evidences for defense- and-treatment of ocular trauma. Methods A total of 48 health sheep were divided into 3 groups and put into a tank separately. The three different caliber antitank bombs were used to shot the tank forearmor: large high-energy bomb for Group I, intermediate armor-piercing explosive fire bomb for Group Ⅱ, small armor-piercing fire bomb for Group Ⅲ. After the hit, the harmful gases, temperature, blast overpressure within the cabin and the injury situations of eyes were checked. Results After fire, harmful gases and blast overpressure were increased, but the temperature was not obviously changed. Each bomb explosion caused obvious reaction in blood vessel of uvea and retina, edema and degeneration as well as the changes of ultrastructure in retina. Conclusion The ocular trauma inside of the tank are complex and serious and related to the weapon calibre, class, and wounding effect. Closed ocular trauma has the characteristics of slight wound outside and serious wound inside as well as obvious reaction in blood vessels of uvea and retina.

Objective To investigate neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rat following conditioned fear stimulus.Methods 24 adult male rats were randomly divided into conditioned fear stimulus group and control group,and all rats were intraperitoneally injected bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)3 days before conditioned fear stimuli.Animals in conditioned fear stimulus group were given monotone matching foot shock and made conditioned fear stimulus model,animals in control group only give monotone.Freezing time was detected before stimuli and 7th,14th days after stimuli,then rats were sacrificed 7th or 14th day after fear conditioned stimulus,and immunohistochemistry for Brdu was detected.Results Behavioral assessment showed that the percents of freezing time in conditioned fear stimulus group 7th,14th days after conditioned fear stimulus were significantly high(88.68%,91.33%)than those in control group(11.18%,14.23%,P<0.01)and before stimulus(24.11%,16.11%,P<0.01).Compared to control group(1567±28,580±5),Brdu positive cells in dentate gyrus of rat in conditioned fear stimulus group(1364±21,296±22)were decreased,and it reached to a statistical significance on 14th day (P<0.05).Conclusion The decreased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rat following conditioned fear stimuli may have relation to fear and other emotion memory.

Objective To explore the methods and effects of specialty training for wound care. Methods Fourteen nurses working and studying in the wound care center received specialty training of wound care. Their current knowledge and train-ing needs were assessed through writing test and symposium before the training. Then,the training contents and plan were de-signed. The training duration was identified as 3-6 months. The open teaching method was applied in the training directed by the entrostomal therapists(ET). According to the evaluation index,the nurses were asked to finish a reading report in the first month,a case report in the second month,and group discussion on a case of complicated wound care the third month. In ad-dition,they needed to finish the exam of wound care theory and skills every three months. The correlations between perfor-mance in the examination and the nurses' age,years of working experlence,educational level,professional title,duration and times of training by correlation analysis. Results The times of training was significantly correlated with the performance in the examination(r=-0.49,P<0.05),especially with the performance of case report,reading report,and group discussion on compli-cated wound care(r=0.51,-0.60,P<0.05). There was no correlation between the performance with nurses' age,years of working experience,educational level,professional title and duration of training. Conclusion One time of specialty training at least 3 months can achieve good effect. The times of training is correlated with the training effect,especially in case report,reading report and group discussion on complicated wound care.

Objective To elucidate the effects of thalidomide on proliferation of human renal cell line 786-0 and the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in this cell line. Methods Cell was treated with different doses of thalidomide(6.25 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml) respectively or normal saline as control; cell survival rate was analyzed by MTT assay. The mRNA level of bFGF was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). bFGF protein expression in 786-0 cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). Results Thalidomide, ranging from 6.25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml, suppressed the proliferation of 786-0 cell line in vitro significantly. After application of thalidomide for 48 and 72 hours, the IC50 was 46.42 μg/ml and 19.56 μg/ml respectively. Apoptosis rate increased from 12.43 % to 30.30 %, accompanying with reducing expression of bFGF. Application of thalidomide (25 μg/ml) induced the most significant inhibition to the bFGF in the cell line. Conclusion Thalidomide down-regulates bFGF expression, inhibit the proliferation, and induce apoptosis in 786-0 cell line.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum TPSA, the ratio of free PSA(FPSA)and TPSA(F/T) and PSAD in prostate cancer(PCa).Methods The serum TPSA and PSAD levels and the ratio of F/T of 467 patients with BPH,116 patients with PCa and 50 healthy men as normal control were determined, analyzed and compared. Results Serum TPSA of PCa (53.26±33.10) were significantly higher than that of BPH (8.12±9.70) (P ＜0.01), and normal control (1.51 ±1.17) (P ＜0.01); Serum PSAD of PCa[(1.59±1.46) ng·ml-1·cm-3] were significantly higher than that of BPH [(0.14±0.17) ng·ml-1·cm-3] (P ＜0.01),and normal control [(0.08±0.07) ng·ml-1·cm-3] (P ＜0.01); F/T of PCa (0.22±0.16) was significantly lower than that of BPH (0.27±0.15) and normal control (0.36±0.14) (P ＜0.01). When TPSA was limited specificity at 4 ～10 ng/ml, F/T of PCa (0.18±0.13) were significantly lower than that of BPH (0.27±0.14), (P ＜0.05), PSAD of Pca [(0.21 ±0.07) ng· ml -1· cm -3] were significantly higher than that of BPH [(0.11 ±0.06) ng· ml-1· cm-3], (P ＜0.001). When F/T was 0.16, PSAD used 0.15 as the critical value, the sensitivity, specificity of diagnostic value and positive prediction value were 81.6 ％, 78.2 ％, 96.1％ and 53.8 ％, 76.9 ％, 97.9 ％, respectively;And the diagnostic efficiency was the highest. ConclusionF/T and PSAD have valuable role as the diagnose marker of PCa. When PSA level between 4 ng/ml and 10 ng/ml, F/T ratio and PSAD are of significant value to differentiate PCa from BPH patients.