Objective:To investigate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hemodialysis patients.Methods:One hundred and fifty hemodialysis patients were tested for HCV-RNA using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and for anti-HCV IgG using an enzyme-linked mmunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result:The positive rate of anti-HCV IgG was 24%.The positive rate of HCV-RNA was 26.7%;the total positive rate of HCV markers was 35.3%.Conclusion:HCV infection rate in hemodialysis patients is higher than that of general population.The first-class risk factors for HCV infection is transfusion of blood,while the cross using of dialyzer and dialysis pipe-line is also one of the risk factors.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Comet Assay ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Micronucleus Tests ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Vincristine

Objective To explore the expression of cyclooxygenase-1 in ovarian cancer and its significance. Methods Expression of COX-1 and CA125 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 37 cases of ovarian cancer and 31 cases of ovarian cyst. The serum level of COX-1 and CA125 was tested in 40 cases of ovarian cancer and 31 cases of ovarian cyst and 60 healthy volunteers by ELISA. Results The positive expression of COX-1 and CA125 was 78% and 57% in ovarian cancer and 3% and 7% in ovarian cyst,respectively. The expression of COX-1 and CA125 was 65% and 93% at the serum level. Conclusion Expression of COX-1 could act as an auxiliary diagnostic criterion in ovarian carcinoma.

Objective To compare the applicability of different occupational health risk assessment methods in small furniture manufacturing industry. Methods American EPA inhalation risk model, Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model of occupational exposure to chemical substances and Australian Occupational Health and Safety Risk Assessment model, were used to assess the occupational health risk in a small furniture manufacturing industry from a city of Zhejiang Province. Results The results of American EPA model showed that the workers who exposed to benzene and formaldehyde had low risk of carcinogens, and who exposed to benzene and xylene had very high risk of non-carcinogens. According to Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model, there were low and medium health risk caused by toluene and xylene, and high risk caused by wood dust in preparation and polishing jobs. Similar to the results of other models, Australia qualitative risk assessment model showed that there were medium health risk caused by toluene and xylene, and high risk caused by benzene, wood dust and noise. All of the three methods could found the key risk control point in furniture manufacturing industry. The risk ratios of the three methods were higher than the toxic work classification ratio (P<0.01), and the risk ratio of EPA model were higher than the results of Singapore model and Australia model (P<0.05) . Conclusion All of the three methods can be applied to assess the occupational health risk in furniture manufacturing industry, and the combined application of multiple risk assessment methods can be used as one of the risk assessment strategies.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the know gene types of main wild type measles virus strains and take measures to control measles in Jilin Province.

METHODSGenetic characterization of 9 measles viruses isolated from 72 throat swabs or urine specimens of measles patients using CDW(150) cells line was studied in Jilin Province in 2005.

RESULTSSequence analysis of 450 nucleotides of COOH-terminal of nucleoprotein (N) genes of 9 isolates indicated that all were members of H(1) genotype, in which there are 7 strains of H1a and 2 strains of H1b, the H1a subgroup differed from H1b by 2.0% approximately 3.5% at the nucleotide level in the COOH-terminal of the N gene.

CONCLUSIONSThe H(1) genotype of wild-type measles viruses should be the main epidemic strain and main pathogen that caused measles outbreaks and sporadic cases in Jilin Province.

China ; Genes, Reporter ; Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Measles ; epidemiology ; virology ; Measles virus ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Viral Structural Proteins ; genetics

Background and purpose:One of the reasons why cancer cells are resistant to chemotherapy is the existence of cancer stem cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemoresistance of CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells to cisplatin and its mechanisms.Methods:Siha cells were cultivatedin vitro. The CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells were sorted out by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) andin vitro proliferation was detected by MTT assay after treatment with the different concentrations of cisplatin. The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry after 10 μg/mL cisplatin acted on CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells for 24, 48 and 72 h. The relative mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2, Oct-4 and ABCG2 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Results:The survival rates of CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells treated with different concentrations of cisplatin (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 μg/mL) were higher than those of their parental Siha cells [(88.42±1.51)%vs (92.87±1.5)%, (79.94±1.05)%vs (84.72±1.09)%, (69.78±0.81)%vs (75.13±2.86)%, (58.97±0.70)%vs (65.79±2.71)%, (49.60±0.88)%vs (52.10±0.52)%, (45.13±0.69)%vs (48.84±1.02)%,P<0.05]. Compared with their parental Siha cells, the apoptosis rates of CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells were lower after 10 μg/mL of cisplatin acting on them for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively [(3.05±0.16)%vs (5.17±0.27)%, (17.94±2.02)%vs (32.60±4.28)% and (40.14±3.01)%vs (56.62±5.32)%,P<0.05]. The results from both qRT-PCR and Western blot indicated that Oct-4, ABCG2 and Bcl-2 were highly expressed on CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells. A significant difference was found in Oct-4, ABCG2 and Bcl-2 expression between CD44+/CD24+Siha cells and their parental cells (P=0.015<0.05).Conclusion:CD44+/CD24+ Siha cells could be resistant to apoptosis induced by cisplatin and expressed high levels of cancer stem cell markers such as Oct-4 and ABCG2. This study lays the basis for useful isolation and further targeted therapy of cervical cancer stem cells.

Objective To study the in vitro effects of different doses and different kinds of LMWH on CR, and to determine whether the CR test could be used to monitor LMWH. Methods The CR value was measured with different reagents ( glass beads, celite and kaolin ) in blood samples from twenty volunteer donors, which were spiked with increasing concentration of LMWH ( dalteparin, 0-1.8 IU/ml ). Then the CR test was performed again on the same blood samples spiked with the same concentration ( 0. 8 IU/ml ) but different LMWH ( dalteparin, enoxaparin and nadroparin ). Regression analysis was performed to establish a regression equation from corresponding LMWH levels. Results With the increasing of dalteparin dose, CR values were reduced gradually for all three reagents. When the concentration of dalteparin was 0-1.8 IU/ml,the value of CR was 20. 0-4. 5 IU/min for glass beads, 26. 1-6.6 IU/min for celite and 27. 2-7. 5 IU/min for kaolin. An exponential relationship was observed between the CR value and dalteparin concentration for three reagents( R2 = -0.796, -0.884, -0.921 ,P ＜0.01 ). All three kinds of LMWH with the same concentration (0.8 IU/ml ) induced a different change in CR. The value of CR was 7.4 IU/min with dalteparin,8. 5 IU/min with enoxaparin and 8.5 IU/min with nadroparin. Compared with the control group ( CR was 17.6 IU/min ), three kinds of LMWH had statistical significance ( t = 18.45, 12. 33, 14. 93, P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with the enoxaparin and nadroparin, dalteparin induced a higher CR value ( t = 2. 552,2. 924,P＜0. 05 ). Conclusions There is an exponential relationship between CR value and dalteparin concentration for three reagents. Three kinds of LMWH can significantly reduce the value of CR. CR test can be used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of LMWH.

Objective:To prepare compound fluconazole gel and to establish a method for its quality control. Methods: Flucon-azole and baicalin were the main ingredients in the gel, and their contents were determined by HPLC. Moreover, the drug release in vitro, irritation and stability of the gel were tested. Results:The fluconazole and baicalin had a good linear relationship within the range of 12. 5-150. 0 μg·ml-1 and 25. 0-175. 0 μg·ml-1, respectively. The average recovery rate was 99. 45%(RSD=0. 40%, n=9) and 99. 31%(RSD=0. 31%, n=9), respectively. The in vitro drug release of the gel was accordance with the first order release e-quation, and the cumulative release rate of fluconazole and baicalin in 12 h was 87. 6% and 80. 03%, respectively. The gel was stable without irritation. Conclusion:The formula, preparation technology and stability of compound fluconazole gel are promising and the quality standard is controllable.

Based on microfabrication technology and electrochemical modification method, a micro electrochemical sensor for nitrate ( NO-3 ) determination was developed. A micro sensor chip with working electrode and counter electrode was used as the signal convertor of the sensor. The area of the micro working_electrode was only 1 mm2 . As an electrocatalysis sensitive material, copper was electrodeposited onto the working electrode by square_wave pulse current electrodeposition method. The morphologies and components of freshly deposited materials were examined by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) and X_ray diffraction ( XRD) to explore key factors that affected the electrocatalytic ability of the deposited copper layer for reducing nitrate ions. The experimental results revealed that under the optimal conditions, the deposited copper layer was macroporous and had a larger effective surface area that could serve as a more effective electrocatalyst in facilitating nitrate reduction. Electrochemical response of the macroporous copper layer was characterized by linear sweep voltammetry in acidic supporting electrolytes ( pH=2 ) . The electroanalytical results showed that the modified microsensor had marked sensitivity for standard nitrate samples within the concentration range from 12. 5 to 3000 μmol/L (in the range of 12. 5-200 μmol/L yielded straight line:y1=-0. 1422x-10. 326, R12=0. 9976, while in the range of 200-3000 μmol/L yielded straight line: y2=-0. 0984x-22. 144, R22=0. 9927) with a detection limit of 2 μmol/L (S/N=3). The developed electrochemical microsensor was also employed for nitrate determination in water samples collected from lakes and rivers near the city of Beijing. The results were in good agreement with the data given by qualified water quality detection institute, with the deviations from 3 . 9% to 15 . 4%.

OBJECTIVEIntermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (IR-AML), which accounts for a substantial number of AML cases, is highly heterogeneous. We systematically summarize the latest research progress on the significance of gene mutations for prognostic stratification of IR-AML.

DATA SOURCESWe conducted a systemic search from the PubMed database up to October, 2014 using various search terms and their combinations including IR-AML, gene mutations, mutational analysis, prognosis, risk stratification, next generation sequencing (NGS).

STUDY SELECTIONClinical or basic research articles on NGS and the prognosis of gene mutations in IR-AML were included.

RESULTSThe advent of the era of whole-genome sequencing has led to the discovery of an increasing number of molecular genetics aberrations that involved in leukemogenesis, and some of them have been used for prognostic risk stratification. Several studies have consistently identified that some gene mutations have prognostic relevance, however, there are still many controversies for some genes because of lacking sufficient evidence. In addition, tumor cells harbor hundreds of mutated genes and multiple mutations often coexist, therefore, single mutational analysis is not sufficient to make accurate prognostic predictions. The comprehensive analysis of multiple mutations based on sophisticated genomic technologies has raised increasing interest in recent years.

CONCLUSIONSNGS represents a pioneering and helpful approach to prognostic risk stratification of IR-AML patients. Further large-scale studies for comprehensive molecular analysis are needed to provide guidance and a theoretical basis for IR-AML prognostic stratification and clinical management.

Genomics ; methods ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; pathology ; Mutation ; genetics ; Prognosis