Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in children. Nowadays, the functional disturbances of the immune system, both humeral and cell-mediated immunity, have been detected more often in patients with epilepsy than in normal individuals, which include changes of cytokine, autoantibody and immunoglobulin in humoral immunity, and changes of lymphocyte subset, lymphocyte hyperpalsy zone and nature killer cell in cellular immunity. Not only the peripheral blood of the patients is abnormal, but also the cerebrospinal fluid can be found unusual. Some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can exert an effect on the function of immune system as well. Elucidation of connections between epileptogenesis, immunology and effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs therapy is to be explored.

Voltage-gated ion channels play an important role in cell's excitability.HCN is short for hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, and Kv4 family is the main ingredients of transient outward potassium current (IA) produced by hippocampal neuron, both of which belong to voltage-gated ion channels.HCN channel and its mediated Ih current could influence the resting potential of cell membrane, control the excitability of neurons, synaptic potential and synaptic transmission.They also participate in cardiac pacing and rhythmic activity of some neurons.IA is the main ingredients of outward potassium current in the early period of action potential repolarization, which mainly takes part in regulating the synaptic input and counterpropagation of action potential.Kv4 channel could reduce the excitability of neurons.Studies indicate that mutations of these two channels lead to epilepsy.This article focuses on the structure、 distribution and function of HCN and Kv4 in epilepsy.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periarthritis ; therapy ; Shoulder Pain ; therapy

Objective:To improve the understanding of brucellar spondylitis (BS) and to further improve the diagnosis and treatment ability of BS patients.Methods:The epidemiological and clinical data of 74 cases of BS misdiagnosed in Department of Orthopedics, Zhangye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University from January 2014 to December 2019 were analyzed.Results:The average age of BS onset was 34-71 (54.1±4.5)years old. The incidence rate of female was higher than that of male. The morbility of rural individual farmers were higher than that of herdsmen. These patients were infected mainly through browsing and breeding beasts. It was very common that two adjacent lumbars vertebrae were invaded. It took about mean (10.1±2.2)months to diagnosis and (7.1±1.9)times to visits doctors. All patients were misdiagnosed as lumbar disc herniation, spinal tuberculosis and so on.Conclusions:There are characteristic features in clinical epidemiology of BS.It tends to be misdiagnosed as spinal tuberculosis and lumbar disc herniation in early clinical stage. It can be diagnosed as early as possible according to its epidemiology, clinical symptoms and imaging examination.

Objective To investigate the attitude of clinical nurses to the practice of holistic nursing and provide basis for establishing harmonious relationships between patients and nurses.Methods primary nurses were randomly selected and underwent investigations on quality check of nursing work quarterly by serf-designed inventory.Results 24 nurses considered it necessary to carry out holistic nursing but 70 of them were reluctant to undertake it.They thought it boring because of the high requirement of holistic nursing and much literal document in practice.Conclusion Nursing services calls out seeking truth and dealing with concrete matters at present.The holistic nursing is not equipped with professional title since serious shortage of nursing staff.The emaphasis should be focused on the health education according to different situations in hospitals.Besides we should practice holistic nursing step by step instead of by the modality.

Objective To explore the relationship between obesity levels and adipocytokines like leptin,adiponectin and resistin in children.Methods One hundred and ten patients aged 2-6 years with simple obesity were selected into obesity group,which included 40 cases of slight obesity (slight obesity group),40 cases of medium obesity (medium obesity group) and 30 cases of severe obesity (severe obesity group).Forty cases of healthy children with normal bodyweight were included in control group.Their serum leptin,adiponectin and resistin levels were tested and compared.Results Serum leptin and resistin levels in obesity group were remarkably higher than those in control group (P < 0.01),whereas adiponectin level was much lower than that in control group (P< 0.01).Serum leptin and resistin levels in medium obesity group were remarkably higher than those in slight obesity group [(14.3 ±1.9) μg/L vs (7.8 ± 1.5)μg/L and (14.6±2.2) μg/Lvs (13.1 ±3.0) μg/L](P< 0.01),whereas adiponectin level was much lower than that in slight obesity group[(6.7 ± 3.0) mg/L vs (9.1 ± 3.5) mg/L](P< 0.01).Serum leptin and resistin levels in severe obesity group [(20.4 ±4.7),(18.3 ±3.2) μg/L]were remarkably higher than those in medium obesity group(P< 0.01),whereas adiponectin level [(5.1 ± 1.2) mg/L]was much lower than that in medium obesity group (P< 0.01).Conclusion The levels of adipocytokines are closely correlated with obesity level in children,especially for abdominal obesity.

BACKGROUND:For a long time, the myocardium of adult mammalians is the terminal y differentiated tissue with no regeneration capacity. If damaged, myocardial cells wil be replaced by fibrous connective tissue. OBJECTIVE:To rediscover the myocardial cells and to do a review for cardiac stem cells, in order to define the existence of myocardial cells. METHODS:A computer-based online research of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed to col ect articles published between 2003 and 2014 with the key words of“cardiac stem cells, stem cells, cardiac regeneration”in Chinese and English, respectively. There were 82 articles after the initial survey, and final y 40 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cardiac stem cells exist in the heart, and some surface markers of cardiac stem cells have been discovered. Cardiac stem cells for some diseases with myocardial cellinjury have opened up a new way. Because of the smal number of myocardial cells, how to purification, culture, identification and proliferation wil be further studied to meet the need for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Cardiac stem cellresearch wil open a new approach for cardiac tissue engineering.

Objective To in ve stigate quantitatively the expression of pituitary transcription activator (Pit) -1 mRNA in different types of human pituitary adenomas by RT-PCR. Methods Samples were obtained from 35 patients who had unde rgone therapeutic surgery for pituitary adenomas. The type of pituitary adenomas was determined according to serum hormone levels and clinical features, and the grade and the stage of pituitary adenomas were depended on imaging and operatio n observation. Expression of Pit-1 mRNA of pituitary adenomas was assayed by RT -PCR. Results Thirty five patients with pituit ary adenomas consisted of 13 cases with PRL adenomas, 6 cases with GH adenomas, 2 cases with GH/PRL mixed adenomas, 11 cases with clinically non-functioning ad enomas and 3 cases of ACTH adenomas. Pit-1 mRNA was expressed in all PRL, GH an d GH-PRL mixed adenomas and in some non-functioning adenomas (9/11). No Pit-1 mRNA expression was found in ACTH adenomas. Pit-1 mRNA levels in PRL, GH or GH /PRL mixed adenomas were similar and all higher than that in non-functioning ad enomas (all P

BACKGROUND: Exercise affects glucose transport 4(Glut4) protein levels in the skeletal muscle, but different intensions of exercise effects are unknown to people. OBJECTIVE: To explore effects of different intensity exercise on Glut4 protein expression in the skeletal muscle of rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized control animal experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Liaoning Normal University from September to October 2007. MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy SD rats weighing (200?16) g of both genders were used in the following study. METHODS: Rat models of diabetes mellitus were created and divided into six groups: a normal control group, a diabetes mellitus control group and a diabetes mellitus group including 15 m/min group, 20 m/min group, 25 m/min group and 30 m/min group. Each group consisted of 10 rats. The exercise groups did the running exercise each day for 50 minutes, 6 days in a week, lasting for 6 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Western bolt analysis was used to determine Glut4 protein on cell membrane of the skeletal muscle. Different intensions of exercise effects on body weight, blood glucose and insulin levels were observed in rats from each group. RESULTS: Compared with the diabetes mellitus control group, Glut4 protein contents enhanced up to 44.2% and 48% (P

Objective To investigate the effect of puerarin on preeclampsia-like rat placental tissue hypoxia inducible factor (hypoxia-inducible factor,HIF)-1αexpression and study the mechanism of protective effects in rats.Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,drugs intervention groups(low-dose,middle-dose,high dose)and model group.The rats in drugs intervention groups and model group were adopted endotoxin for induction of preeclampsia model.On the basis of the model group,low,medium and high dose groups were given 20.0,40.0,60.0 mg/kg puerarin by intraperitoneal injection,respectively.The blood pressure of tail artery,urine protein concentration were observed at different points and the expression of HIF-1αwere detected by PT-RCT in each group.Results The systolic blood pressure ,urine protein and HIF-1αprotein in model group were higher than control group(P<0.05 );serum NO concentration was lower than control group (P<0.05 );after the puerarin intervention,systolic blood pressure and urine protein concentration in drugs intervention groups were lower than model group (P<0.05 ),plasma NO concentration was higher than model group (P<0.05 )and HIF-1αprotein was lower than model group (P<0.05 );the placenta weight,weight and body length of newborn rats in drug intervention group were higher than model group (P<0.05 ).Conclusion Puerarin can reduce systolic blood pressure and urine protein levels,promote the level of NO in plasma and reduce HIF-1αlevel in placenta of rats.Puerarin can offer protection to rats with preeclampsia by decreasing the expression of HIF-1αin placental.