It is common in bacterial genomes of the integration of prophages. As an important participant of the vital movement of their hosts, prophages affect closely the biological properties of the hosts. Therefore, if we want to comprehend a bacterial genome fully, it is essential to recognize and understand accurately prophages in it. This article is a compendious review about the classification, distribution, identification, evolution of prophages and the interaction with their hosts.

Objective To evaluate the application of ZEEK thrombus aspiration catheter in treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in elderly patients. Methods The 52 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plus thrombus aspiration by using ZEEK thrombus aspiration catheter (ZEEK group), and 42 STEMI patients were treated only with PCI (control group). The regression rate of ST segment, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), incidence of no-reflow and mortality were followed up after PCI during hospitalization. Results No-reflow occurred in 5 (11.9%) patients and 1 (1.9 %) patient in the control group and ZEEK group, respectively. And 2 deaths were encountered only in the control group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusions AMI treatments with PCI and application of ZEEK aspiration thrombus catheter are safe and effective. The two methods could lower thrombosis burden, may improve distal myocardium perfusion and cardiac function after the procedure.

Objective: To investigate the rural middle school students' mental health and explore its determinants. Methods: 989 rural middle school students in Jiangxi province were investigated with SCL-90, Social Support Rating Scale and the Chinese versions of EMBU. Results: The major problem of mental health were interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive, depression, hostility and paranoid ideation. There was remarkable difference between boys and girls, senior and junior high school students. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the major determinants of the rural middle school students' mental health were subjective social support, usage of social support, father's and mother's rejection and denying, father's over-protection, mother's punishment and rigidity, different sex, grades and only children or non-only children. Conclusion: The students in rural middle school, especially in senior high school, had severe mental health problems, social support and parental rearing patterns have a significant influence on mental health.

Objective To study the alterations in neurobehavior of rats with diffuse axonal injury(DAI) and to evaluate the potential role of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF). Methods A weight-drop device was employed to build the DAI model.An injection of bFGF subdurally and subcortically was given to the bFGF therapeutic group(n=60).Besides,normal control(n=20) and injured control group(n=60) were established.The elevated walkway test,prehensile traction test,sensorimotor integration test and the Morris' water maze test were adopted to examine the motor and memory abilities.After the implantation of skull electrodes,P3-like potential was explored in rats before and after injury. Results After DAI,the scales of the elevated walkway test,prehensile traction test,sensorimotor integration test and the Morris' water maze test were decreased,and the rats in the bFGF therapeutic group presented a better behaviour in the early stage.The latency of P3-like potential prolonged significantly in rats with DAI,with the P3-like potential in the injured control group longer than that in the bFGF therapeutic group(P

Objective To study the alterations in pathology and immunohistochemistry in rats with diffuse axonal injury(DAI) and the effects from basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF). Methods A weight-drop device was employed to produce DAI in rats.In the treatment group(n=60),bFGF was injected subdurally and subcortically.Besides,normal control group(n=20) and injury-control group(n=60) were also established.The pathological changes were observed by light microscopy and electromicroscopy,and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),growth associated protein-43(GAP-43) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) were also examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Typical pathological changes were observed in the basal portion of pons,corpus callosum and white matter of cerebral hemisphere in the rats with DAI.And an upregulation of GFAP,GAP-43 and BDNF was also found.In the treatment group,better outcomes of pathological changes were observed.bFGF increased the expression of BDNF and GAP-43,while inhibited the immunoreactivity of GFAP. Conclusion Topical application of bFGF can improve brain tissue regeneration and speed function recovery in rats with DAI,though its long-term effect warrants further study.

Objective To validate the performance of a PMA-based assay for detection of INH-resistant mutations in MTB and investigate the mutation characteristic of INH-resistance.Methods The MTB standard strain H37Rv was from National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory,1 wild-type strain and 1 katG S315T ACC mutant strain were from Xiamen CDC,7 MTB INH-resistant strains with known INH resistance mutations were from Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control,Henan CDC,No.309 Hospital of PIA and Xiamen CDC.707 MTB clinical isolates were from Xiamen CDC,Xiamen No.1 Hospital and Zhangzhou CDC,126 sputum samples were from Xiamen Tongan CDC.The genomic DNA of the MTB standard strain H37Rv,7 MTB INH-resistant strains and 833 clinical samples,were extracted with Xiamen Zeesan Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isoniazid-resistance Mutation Test Kit using the thermal lysis method.The genomic DNA of 1 wild-type strain and 1 katG S315T ACC mutant strain were extracted with AxyPrep Bacterial Genomic DNA Miniprep Kit.The mutations were discriminated by the △Tm between the samples and wild type control in katG315 codon,inhA promoter -17 to -8 region,ahpC promoter region -44 to -30 and - 15 to 3,and inhA94 codon.A 10-fold dilution series of MTB DNA from 3 × 105 to 300 copies/ reaction obtained from a wild-type strain and a katG S315T ACC mutant strain,respectively,were prepared to determine the analytical sensitivity.Seven MTB INH-resistant strains with 9 predetermined mutations were used for the analytical specificity assay,and 5 mutants of which were used for the repeatability assay.The clinical detection performance of PMA assay were confirmed by the sequencing method in 833 samples.Results Results could be obtained within 3 hours from DNA extraction to PMA assay,including 46 samples in a standard 96-well real-time PCR instrument simultaneously.The analytical sensitivities of PMA were 300 copies/reaction for both the wild-type strain and katG S315T ACC mutant strain.Nine INH-resistant point mutations could be discriminated and 5 of which had standard deviations of melting temperature less than 0.5 ℃.Fully concordant results of mutant locus between PMA assay and sequencing were obtained in all 162 mutant samples.INH-resistant mutations in the four loci were found in 19.4％ (162/833) samples by PMA assay in Xiamen and Zhangzhou.Among the 14 lNH-resistant mutant types detected,katG S315T ( AGC→ACC),inhA promoter - 15C→T and katG S315N (AGC→AAC) accounted for 83.3％ (135/162) of the overall mutations.

The electroencephalography (EEG) has a wide range of content, complex graphics and abstract theory. Meanwhile, there are differences in professional level, learning ability and subjective initia-tive among refresher doctors. In order to improve the quality of teaching, and to better serve the refresher doctors, the following strategies have been applied in the teaching process. We not only make the training target according to the actual condition of every refresher doctors, but also make them take a correct atti-tude towards study and follow the teaching arrangement. Besides, we not only orient at the operational skills training, including electrode installation, EEG evoked test, Point-of-Care test to eliminate the interference, but also promote the refresher doctors to seek the law of the diagram in the actual interpretation process with longitudinal development view and horizontal comparison perspective. Furthermore, we not only stan-dardize their report, but also broaden their view.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of CT myocardial perfusion combined with serum cystatin C (CysC) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) for coronary heart disease (CHD) and its correlation with coronary artery disease.Methods:The clinical data of 126 patients with CHD (CHD group) and 126 patients with suspected CHD but excluded CHD by coronary angiography (control group) in Shanxi Provincial General Hospital of Armed Police Force from May 2018 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. CT myocardial perfusion myocardial imaging was performed in both groups, and blood perfusion (BF) and mean transit time (MTT) were calculated. The serum Gal-3 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent method, and the serum CysC was detected by immunoturbidimetric method. The changes of indexes in 2 groups and in CHD patients with different degrees of coronary artery stenosis and number of diseased branches were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of CHD; Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between BF, MTT, CysC, Gal-3 and the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the number of diseased branches in patients with CHD; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the effectiveness of each index in diagnosing CHD was analyzed. The area under curve (AUC) was compared by DeLong test, and the combined diagnosis was performed by Logistic binary regression fitting.Results:The BF in CHD group was significantly lower than that in control group: (102.30 ± 9.25) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (119.97 ± 12.08) ml/(100 g·min), the MTT, CysC and Gal-3 were significantly higher than those in control group: (17.23 ± 3.04) s vs. (5.38 ± 1.29) s, (0.98 ± 0.24) mg/L vs. (0.73 ± 0.18) mg/L and (55.27 ± 16.42) ng/L vs. (16.93 ± 5.75) ng/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis result showed that BF, MTT, CysC and Gal-3 were the influencing factors of CHD ( P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the AUC of BF, MTT, CysC combined with Gal-3 in the diagnosis of CHD was the largest (0.879), with a specificity of 84.92% and a sensitivity of 80.95%. In patients with CHD, with the aggravation of coronary artery stenosis and the increase of the number of diseased branches, the BF decreased gradually, the MTT, CysC and Gal-3 increased gradually, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that the BF had negative correlation with the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the number of diseased branches in patients with CHD ( r=-0.592 and -0.573, P<0.01), and the MTT, CysC and Gal-3 had positive correlation with the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the number of diseased branches (MTT: r = 0.695 and 0.674, P<0.01; CysC: r = 0.546 and 0.519, P<0.01; Gal-3: r = 0.628 and 0.609, P<0.01). Conclusions:CT myocardial perfusion imaging indexes (BF and MTT), serum CysC and Gal-3 levels are related to the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the number of diseased branches in patients with CHD. The combined detection of various indicators can improve the diagnostic value and provide a certain basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment and disease monitoring.

Objective To explore the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT on the assessment of chemotherapy response in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed before and after 4 cycles of chemotherapy( R-CHOP or CHOP protocol) in 53 patients with DLBCL. The patients were divided into 3 groups: complete response group, partial response group and no response group. The therapeutic response was assessed by comparing post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT with pre-treatment PET/CT. Complete remission (CR) rate at the end of chemotherapy was calculated. χ2 test was performed with software SPSS 13.0. Results CR rates of complete response group, partially response group and no response group were 88.5% (23/26), 73.3% (11/15) and 8.3% (1/12), respectively (χ2=23.548, P=0.000). CR rates of the complete and partially response groups were significantly higher than those of no response group (χ2=22.656, P=0.000; χ2=11.407, P=0.001). Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT may be useful for the assessment of chemotherapy response in DLBCL.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect of ginsenoside compound K (CK) on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic mellitus mice and the potential molecular mechanism.Methods A total of 36 mice were randomly divided into normal group,diabetic mellitus group,CK treatment groups (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight),dimethyldiguanide group and p38MAPK pathway agonist P79350 group,with 6 mice in each group.Diabetic mice were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin combined with high-fat diet,and CK with different doses was administrated by gastric lavage for consecutive 8 weeks.The levels of fasting blood-glucose,triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein (HDL C),fasting serum insulin were measured,and the insulin sensitive index (ISI) was calculated in different treatment groups.Glucose tolerance was detected by oral glucose tolerance test.The protein levels of ASK1,p-ASK1 and p38,p-p38,was detected by Western blot.The mRNA expression of apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1 (ASK1) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Results The fasting blood-glucose,TG,TC,HDL C,fasting serum insulin and ISI were (28.31 ± 3.40),(1.90 ± 0.28),(5.00 ± 0.72),(0.50 ± 0.08),(9.01 ± 1.70) mmol/L and-6.42 ± 0.76 in diabetic mice,respectively.The corresponding values were (12.02± 1.81),(0.97 ±0.09),(2.90 ±0.49),(0.91 ±0.08),(15.12 ± 1.93)mmol/L and-4.33 ± 0.46 in 200 mg/kg CK treatment diabetic mice,and were (12.87 ± 2.61),(1.09 ± 0.11),(3.08 ± 0.27),(0.87 ±0.08),(14.97 ± 1.27) mmol/L and-4.42 ± 0.35 in dimethyldiguanide group.All of the fasting blood-glucose,TG and TC in CK treatment groups were significantly lower than those of diabetic mellitus group (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01),but the fasting serum insulin and ISI in CK treatment groups were significantly higher than that of diabetic mellitus group (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).There were no significant difference between 200 mg/kg CK treatment group and dimethyldiguanide group.The mRNA levels of ASK1 in normal group,diabetic mellitus group and 200 mg/kg CK treatment group were 1.00 ± 0.07,2.52 ± 0.14 and 1.25 ± 0.08,respectively.The mRNA levels of ASK1 in diabetic mellitus group and 200 mg/kg CK treatment group were significantly up-regulated than that of normal group (P＜0.01),but there was no significant difference between 200 mg/kg CK treatment group and diabetic mellitus group in the mRNA levels of ASK1.There was no significant difference in the protein expression levels of ASK1 and p38 among normal group,diabetic mellitus group and 200 mg/kg CK treatment group,but the protein expression levels of p-ASK1 and p-p38 were significant higher in diabetic mellitus group than that in normal group (P＜0.05 or ＜0.01),and were significant lower in 200 mg/kg CK treatment group than that in diabetic mellitus group (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01),and were no significant difference between 200 mg/kg CK treatment group and normal group.Conclusions Ginsenoside CK effectively attenuates diabetic mellitus in mouse model,possibly by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ASK1-p38MAPK signaling pathway.