Objective To provide guidance for patients and enhance their trust in the hospital by achieving openness and transparency in medical fees. Methods The modular structure of the three-tiered process was employed and various information machines, inquiry devices and doctors' workstations were connected to the Hospital Information System to form an integrated inquiry system of hospital-wide coverage. Results The Hospital Information System, with its versatile functions, easy operation, strong compatibility and good reliability, could provide patients with accurate information and more convenience. Conclusion The Hospital Information System can meet different needs of all patients.

·AIM: To detect the effect of CTGF on the apoptosis in the diabetic retina with small interfering RNAs (siRNA) targeting with CTGF. ·METHODS: A total of 60 rats were divided into six groups including control group, diabetic 4,8,12,16 weeks group, and interference group. Diabetic rats were induced by STZ intra-peritoneal. At 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks after diabetic setting up, retinas were obtained from control, diabetic rats and diabetic animals treated by intravitreal injection of CTGFsiRNA to suppress the expression of CTGF mRNA. Retinal cells apoptosis was detected by Tunnel staining and mRNA expression of CTGF was analyzed by RT-PCR.·RESULTS: The levels of CTGF and the apoptosis in the retinas of diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the controls. Apoptosis occurred at 4 weeks after a diabetic model setting up, became serious with the diabetes developing, while CTGF elevated at 8 weeks. The cell apoptosis counts increased to 25.8cells/mm2 at 24 weeks of diabetes. SiRNA-mediated inhibition of CTGF mRNA resulted in a significant decrease in apoptosis. Significant correlations were found between CTGF and apoptosis in the retina.·CONCLUSION: These results suggest that CTGF might be involved in retinal cells apoptosis which is a characteristic of early diabetic retina. siRNA targeting CTGF seems to have the advantage of ameliorating retinal cells lost.

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a fatal,neurovisceral lipid storage disease,neuropathologically characterized by cytoplasmic sequestration of glycolipids in neurons,progressive neuronal loss,neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formation,and axonal spheroids (AS).Cytoskeletal pathology including accumulation of hyperphosphorylated cytoskeletal proteins is a neuropathological hallmark of the mouse model of NPC (npc mice).With a goal of elucidating the mechanisms underlying the lesion formation,we investigated the temporal and spatial characteristics of cytoskeletal lesions and the roles of cdc2,cdk4,and cdk5 in lesion formation in young npc mice.Cytoskeletal lesions were detectable in npc mice at three weeks of age.Importantly,concomitant activation of cdc2/cyclin B 1 kinase and accumulation of a subsequently generated cohort of phospho-epitopes were detected.The activation of cdk4/cyclin D1 and cdk5/p25 kinases was observed during the fourth week of life in npc mice,and this activation contributed to the lesion formation.We concluded that the progression of cytoskeletal pathology in npc mice older than four weeks is accelerated by the cumulative effect of cdc2,cdk4,and cdk5 activation.Furthermore,cdc2/cyclin B1 may act as a key initial player one week earlier.Targeting cell cycle activation may be beneficial to slow down the NPC pathogenesis.

Crystallization ; Eosinophils ; enzymology ; Fascioliasis ; pathology ; Granuloma ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Lung ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Lung Diseases, Parasitic ; pathology ; Lysophospholipase ; metabolism ; Paragonimiasis ; pathology

Objective To investigate the value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 20 patients with DAI who received MRI examination at day 3 post-injury.MRI sequences included T1WI,T2WI,fluid attenuated inversion recovery ( FLAIR),diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and SWI.There were 15 patients with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score≤8,three with GCS score of 9-12 and two with GCS of 13-15.The location and quantity of hemorrhage focus were counted.The area of hemorrhage focus was measured on each MR sequence.Differences of detection rate of hemorrhage focus on each sequence were compared by using X2 test.The correlation between DAI related bleeding area and GCS score was analyzed. Results DAI related hemorrhage focus showed a larger number in superficial cerebrum than that in posterior cranial fossa and in deep cerebrum.The detection rate of hemorrhage focus on SWI was the highest,as compared with other sequences ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Bleeding area and GCS score showed a negative correlation (r =-0.921,P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion SWI is very sensitive in detection of the intracerebral hemorrhage focus in the acute period of traumatic DAI.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of detachable balloons,detachable coils and intracranial covered stents in management of intracranial giant aneurysms.Methods From April 1998 to March 2006,20 patients with a giant or very large aneurysm were treated by parent artery occlusion(PAO), coils embolization and covered stent,in which 9 aneurysms were treated by PAO,8 by coils embolization and 3 by covered stent at initial management.Two recurrent aneurysms treated by coils embolization were performed by covered stent.Follow-up 9-83 months,mean 41.1?25.3 months.Immediate postprocedural angiographic outcomes were categorized as complete occlusion(100%),subtotal occlusion(95%-99%),and incomplete occlusion(＜95%)of the aneurysms;and follow-up angiographic outcomes were categorized as stable, thrombosis,and recanalization.Clinical outcomes were graded according to a modified Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).Results Endovascular treatment was technically feasible in all aneurysms without procedural-related complications.Immediate postprocedural angiograms showed complete occlusion was achieved in 11 aneurysms, subtotal occlusion in 7 and incomplete occlusion in 2.One patient with incomplete occlusion died on the seventh day with a rebleeding.The final angiographic findings in nineteen survival patients confirmed a complete occlusion in 15 aneurysms,subtotal occlusion in 3 and incomplete occlusion in 1,in which 10 parent arteries were successfully preserved.No rebleeding occurred during the follow-up period.The clinical evaluation performed at final follow-up in 19 patients revealed that the symptoms disappeared in 11 patients and improved in 8 in the modified GOS.Conclusions Treatment of giant intracranial aneurysms with coiling was associated with a low complete occlusion rate and a high recanalization rate.Treatment with endovascular parent artery occlusion remains practical,but this technique may result in damage to the parent artery and cause cerebral ischemic events.The use of an intracranial covered stent proved to be a relatively simple and safe procedure and maintained the pateney of the parent artery.

The aim of the present study was to gain an insight into the thiopurine methytransferase (TPMT) genotyping assay, which was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), allele-specific PCR, restriction digestion of PCR products, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and SNaPshot sequencing and in combination with direct DNA sequencing. Among the f our methods to test TPMT genetic SNPs based on PCR, allele specific PCR was not able to differentiate wild type from varied type. BsiYI, MwoI and AccI to digest PCR products were used so that SNP in TPMT exon 5, 7 and 10 tested. It showed that there were no differences between the results of digestion of PCR products and those of DNA sequence analysis. Therefore, this method was reliable. But some other methods were still needed to look for a compensation, because no restriction map changing resulted from the 2 SNPs in TPMT promotor was found. As to the results of DHPLC, those for the screening of TPMT exon-5 and -10 for SNPs were the same as restriction analysis of PCR products and direct DNA sequencing. But the variation of the heterozygotes in exon-7 was high, which was different from the results of direct DNA sequencing. After changing the Tm of DNA step by step, It was found that all the samples showed single peak when the temperature was 54 degrees C. But this result was unbelievable because a heterozygote in exon 7 as positive control could not be found. Therefore, it was necessary to test the sensitivity and accuracy of DHPLC, though DHPLC could be used as an effective method of SNPs screening. The results of the SNaPshot sequencing were also same as those of restriction analysis of PCR products and direct DNA sequencing. And the results showed that the bases of TPMT promoter -91 and -168 were G, instead of A and T. The results of the four methods to detect TPMT genetic SNPs based on PCR showed that SNPs analysis technique should be a combination of the techniques above-mentioned. One technique alone could not satisfy the need in clinics and research. The compensation of each other was very important.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Exons ; Humans ; Methyltransferases ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of polydatin on apoptosis induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rat myocardium and to explore the underlying mechanism. Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control, I/R and polydatin (50 mumol/L) groups. On the Langendorff apparatus, isolated rat heart was subjected to 30-min global ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion. TUNEL labeling and flow cytometric techniques were used for the measurement of apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in cardiomyocytes of rat. The results showed: (1) Compared with those in the control group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells and apoptosis rate were increased in I/R group; (2) Compared with that in the I/R group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells was significantly decreased in the polydatin group [(18.1+/-4.0)% vs (35.1+/-5.4)%, P<0.01]; (3) Apoptosis rate assayed by flow cytometry in I/R group was significantly higher than that in polydatin group [(15.43+/-4.55)% vs (8.66+/-3.18)%, P<0.01]; (4) Expression level of Bax protein was higher in I/R group than that in polydatin group (P<0.05), while the level of Bcl-2 protein and Bcl-2/Bax ratio were higher in polydatin group than those in I/R group (P<0.05, P<0.01), respectively. The results obtained suggest that polydatin exerts an inhibitory effect on I/R-induced apoptosis through increasing Bcl-2 protein expression and decreasing Bax protein expression in myocardium of the rat.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo suppress the expression of CCR5 and CXCR4, the co-receptors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1), and thus inhibit HIV-1 from entering cells.

METHODSDNA fragments encoding either CCR5 or CXCR4 were amplified from healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing was performed. Correct fragments were inserted into Shuttle plasmid inversely, which was recombined with backbone plasmid containing homologous adenoviral genome in E. coli BJ5183. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into 293 cells in which they were packaged and amplified. Recombinant adenoviruses containing antisense RNA of CCR5 or CXCR4 were obtained and identified by RT-PCR, and the titres of them were determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) method. The U937 and MT4 cells were infected by recombinant adenoviruses containing antisense RNA of CCR5 (multiplicity of infection, MOI = 100) and CXCR4 (MOI = 200), respectively. The expression of co-receptors on infected cell was measured by fluorescence activated cell sorter at 24, 48, 72 hours and 10 days after infection. In addition, the chemotactic activity and proliferation of infected cells were detected with Boyden chamber and 3H incorporation respectively.

RESULTSWe constructed the recombinant plasmids and obtained the recombinant adenoviruses which contained antisense RNA of CCR5 or CXCR4 and were designated as pAd-antiR5 and pAd-antiX4 respectively. The titers of recombinant adenoviruses pAd-antiR5 and pAd-antiX4 were 5 x 10" PFU/ml and 7 x 10(10) PFU/ml, respectively. The expression rate of CCR5 on U937 cells decreased from 82. 10% (blank control) to 1.12% (Ad-antiR5 infected) , and that of CXCR4 on MT4 cells decreased from 42% (blank control) to 1.03% (Ad-antiX4 infected) 24 hours later. The expression rates of CCR5 on Ad-antiR5 infected U937 cells were 1.02% , 1.26% , 1.23% at 48 hours, 72 hours, and 10 days later, respectively. The expression rates of CXCR4 on Ad-antiX4 infected MT4 cells were 1.13%, 1.17%, 1.22% at 48 hours, 72 hours, and 10 days later, respectively. Moreover, the recombinant adenovirus had no effects on chemotactic activity and proliferation of the cells.

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant adenovirus containing antisense CCR5 or CXCR4 can remarkably decrease the expression of co-receptors for HIV-1 on U937 or MT4 cells without affecting their chemotactic activities and proliferative abilities.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Proliferation ; Chemotaxis ; Down-Regulation ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; RNA, Antisense ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Receptors, CCR5 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection ; U937 Cells

OBJECTIVETo study MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression, and their association to invasion and metastasis of neuroblastoma (NB).

METHODSThe staining status was compared of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 in cryostat sections of tumor tissue in 35 NB patients by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSStrong expression of MMP-2 was detected only in 2 patients with early stage NB (group A without metastasis), but in 9 and 10 respectively with advanced stage NB (group B with local metastasis and group C with distant metastasis) (compared to group A, P < 0.01). Strong MMP-9 staining was found in 4, 8 and 11 patients for group A, B and C patients (group A vs group C, P < 0.05). The expression of TIMP-2 was the strongest in 4 group A patients, but it decreased with progression of the disease. There was no statistical difference in TIMP-1 expression among the three groups of patients.

CONCLUSIONMMP-2, MMP-9 expression may be related to metastasis and progression of neuroblastoma, while TIMP-2 may have an inhibitory effect.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neuroblastoma ; enzymology ; metabolism ; secondary ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Testicular Neoplasms ; enzymology ; metabolism ; secondary ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; metabolism ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; metabolism