Objective To study the pathological features of two huge spontaneous tumors in Wistar and GK rats. Methods Forty Wistar rats and 40 GK rats were included in this study. Among those rats, two huge spontaneous tumors were observed in a Wistar rat at 14 months of age and in a GK rat at 22 months of age. The growth and survival status of the tumor?bearing rats were recorded. The tumors were surgically removed, and their pathological features were examined using HE and immunohistochemical staining (vimentin, CK19, α?SMA, CD31, CD34, S?100, NF及Ki?67). Results Both the two tumors were completely resected by surgery without much difficulties, and both host rats survived well after the operation. The weight of the two huge tumors was 502 g and 119 g, which corresponding to 64% and 24% of the body weight of their host rats, respectively. The tumors surface had a complete capsule, with a clear boundary separating from the normal surrounding tissues, and no vascular pedicle structure was found. According to the results of immunohistochemical staining, both the two tumors were diagnosed as benign fibroma. Conclusion This type of huge spontaneous tumors is benign fibroma. Besides the impact on the activities of the rats, the tumors have no significant impact on the living conditions in the hosts.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; secondary ; surgery ; Anal Canal ; chemistry ; pathology ; surgery ; Anus Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin-20 ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; analysis ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; metabolism ; secretion ; surgery ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; secretion ; surgery

Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastrectomy ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective:To determine berberine and palmatine in Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and its granules.Methods: The reversed-phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) was used and the validation of the method was tested.The chromatography condition was with Lichrospher C18 column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m), mobile phase was ACN∶25 mmol/L NaH 2PO 4∶25 mmol/L SDS(2∶1∶1),flow speed was 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 345 nm,and temperature of column was 25℃,Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and its granules were extracted with methanol solution of hydrochloric acid.Results: The theoretical plate number of berberine and palmatine were 14 906 and 14 847,the resolution were 2.33 and 2.86,the tailing factor were 1.09 and 1.06,respectively; all the parameters were suitable for determination.The calibration curves were linear in the range of 40-500 ng,Y=698 278X-3 846,r=1.000(berberine) and 20-250 ng, Y= 536 632X- 7 738, r=0.999 9,r=0.999 4(palmatine).The intra-day and inter-day precision(RSD) at low,middle and high injection amount was all less than 2.5%(berberine) and 1.5%(palmatine).The stability(RSD) was 0.66%(berberine) and 0.70% (palmatine) in 48 h.The recurrence(RSD,n=5) was 0.11%(berberine) and 0.12%(palmatine).The limits of detection was 2.0 ng(berberine) and 1.0 ng(palmatine).The recoveries were 100.4% (RSD=0.12%,n=3) for berberine and 99.80%(RSD=0.22%,n=3) for palmatine.The contents of berberine and palmatine in 3 batch of Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and 5 batch of its granules were determined.Conclusion: Our method can be used for determination of berberine and palmatine in Phellodendron chinense Schneid.and its granules, which is simple and reliable.

BACKGROUND: It is still controversial whether antibiotic-loaded bone cement can prevent wound deep infection in the primary hip arthroplasty. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively observe the effect of antibiotic-loaded bone cements in primary hip arthroplasty. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was performed for the patients undergoing primary hip arthroplasty at Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital from February 2004 to January 2007. PARTICIPANTS: 227 consecutive patients (233 hips) underwent primary hip arthroplasty with the same antibiotic-loaded bone cement, including 69 male and 115 female, and 184 cases (191 hips) were followed up for 3-46 months. METHODS: Fifty-four patients over 71 years old with femoral neck fracture were treated with bipolar femoral head replacement. 130 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty. Seventeen patients with massive acetabular bone defect were reconstructed with impaction autogenous and heterogenous bone grafting plus mesh; 3 patients underwent acetabular structural bone grafting. Both acetabular and femoral side prosthesis were antibiotic-loaded bone cements (Refobacin~-Palacos~R 40 or Cemex~ Genta). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Deep infection after operation. RESULTS: 227 patients (233 hips) did not develop early deep infection after surgery. 184 cases (191 hips) did not occur deep infection during the follow up. However, 15 cases developed swelling on the affected site or skin temperature increase, or pain surrounding joint, and underwent blood sedimentation and C-reactive protein examinations; 12 cases had normal blood sedimentation and 3 had increased blood sedimentation including 1 with rheumatoid, 1 with senile chronic bronchitis, and 1 with undetermined cause. All the 3 patients restored one month later. Fourteen patients had C-reactive protein within normal scope, and 1 with increased C-reactive protein caused by rheumatoid arthritis, but restored 6 weeks later. CONCLUSION: Antibiotic-loaded bone cements in primary hip arthroplasty can reduce incidence of deep infection.

Objective: To study the effect of cytochrome P-450 4F2 (CYP4F2, rs2108622) gene polymorphisms in patients with warfarin for initial doses in 7 days.
Methods: A total of 271 patients treated by warfarin were studied. The CYP4F2 gene polymorphisms were assessed by real-time PCR, the average initial warfarin doses in 7 days and the time of international normalized ratio (INR) ifrst arrived to therapeutic range were recorded. The differences of initial warfarin doses and the time of INR ifrst arrived to therapeutic range among CYP4F2 gene polymorphisms of CC, CT and TT genotypes were analyzed by statistical method.
Results: The average initial warfarin doses among CYP4F2 polymorphisms of TT and CT/TT were higher than CC, P<0.05. The times of INR first arrived to therapeutic range in TT genotype was higher than CC genotype, P<0.05. With adjusted gender, age, body height and weight, CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms, conditions of disease and medication, the effect of CYP4F2 gene polymorphisms on initial warfarin doses in 7 days were still with the statistic meaning (regression coefifcient=0.21, P=0.003).
Conclusion: CYP4F2 polymorphisms inlfuenced the initial warfarin doses in 7 days in relevant patients.

Objective To observe the efficacy,toxic side effects, survival time and quality of life (QOL) of vinorelbine and vinorelbine plus carboplatin in elderly patients with stage Ⅲ b/Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Eighty patients aged 65 years or over with stage Ⅲ b/Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups.One group was treated with vinorelbine (vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 iv d1,8, repeated every 21 days), the other group was treated with vinorelbine plus carboplatin(vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 iv at day 1 and 8 and earboplatin AUC5 iv at day 1, repeated every 21 days).Results The response rate(RR), median survival time(MST) and 1-year survival rate were 35.0%, 9.0 months and 35.0% in vinorelbine group and were 42.5%, 10.0 months and 37.5% in vinorelbine plus carboplatin group respectively.There was no significant difference between two groups(χ2 =0.296,P=0.586).The incidences of Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree granulocytopenia (χ2 =7.168,P=0.014), Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree thrombocytopenia (χ2 = 5.165,P=0.048)and Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree nausea and vomiting (χ2 =6.275, P =0.025) were significantly higher in the combined chemotherapy group than in the vinorelbine treatment group.The scores of lung cancer symptom scale (LCSS) of appetite loss(χ2 =2.600,P=0.011), fatigue(χ2 =3.169,P=0.002) and pain(χ2 =2.257,P=0.027) were more higher in the vinorelbine treatment group than in the combined chemotherapy group.Conclusions Vinorelbine regimen is effective, well tolerated and more favorable for the elderly NSCLC patients.

OBJECTIVE: To study signal transduction pathways in cultured rat hepatocytes in the high nitric oxide (NO) environment of hepatitis. METHODS: NO levels were assessed by measurement of its stable oxidative products nitrite (NO2(-)) and nitrate (NO3(-)) using the Griess method with or without thiols (GSH or L-Cys). Rat hepatocytes were incubated with Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) to produce a high NO environment and the intracellular cGMP and s-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) in the culture media were measured using radioimmunoassay or with the MTT assay absorbed at 334nm respectively. RESULTS: After incubation of 1.543 mmol/L SNP for 30 minutes 0.63+/-0.06 mmol/L and at 25 minutes 0.98+/-0.11 mmol/L of NO was released in containing 25 mmol/L GSH and L-Cys condition. The levels of both cGMP and GSNO were significantly increased (compared with control P<0.05) in a dose related manner. CONCLUSION: Signal transduction of cultured rat hepatocytes in a high NO environment could be a cGMP-dependent as well as a non-cGMP-dependent pathway.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Reproduction ; physiology ; Social Behavior ; Tupaiidae ; physiology

Objective To determine effect of endurance training on the expression of fatty acid translocase FAT/ CD36 in skeletal muscle of rats and the correlation between the expression and insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups:training group(T,n=13) and control group (C, n=10). Rats in group T were trained on treadmill six days a week for 7 weeks. Fat pads around testes and kidneys were weighted for calculating the percentage of fat pads vs body weight. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG),nonesterified fatty acids(NEFA) and fasting insulin(FINS) were measured. Western blot was used to detect FAT/ CD36 protein expression in quadriceps homogenate. The relation of FAT/CD36 expression to the ISI was analyzed. Results Markedly lower body weight,percentage of fat pads, TC,NEFA, and FINS were seen in group T after 7-week endurance training comparing to that in group C(P<0.01 ,P<0.01 ,P<0.01 ,P<0.05,and P<0.05,respectively). The FAT/CD36 protein expression and ISI were significantly higher in group T than in group C(P<0.01and P<0.05). A significant correlation between FAT/CD36 and ISI were found in group T(r=0.823,P<0.01 ),nut not in group C. Conclusion Seven-week endurance training improved insulin sensitivity and up-regulated the expression of FAT/CD36 for adapting the requirement of fatty acid transportation in skeletal muscle induced by enhanced lipid catabolism after endurance exercise.