By making a comparative analysis of the changes in the indexes of total floor area, the floor areas of seven faeihties and their proportion to the total floor area, and some other parts that have been made with regard to the construction of general hospitals, the paper argues that the revised construction standards embody a kind of comprehensive service that is patient-centered, comfortable, fast, and convenient; a kind of medical environment wherein the first importance is attached to people, scientific management is stressed, and the buildings have been designed with the patients in mind; and a desire to keep up with the times and meet people's needs for medical and health care. It is suggested that the scale of construction be moderate, the average floor area of beds be gradually increased, the number of storeys be mainly multiple and low high-rise, the number of parking spaces be gradually increased to match the number of beds, the scale of each nursing unit be moderate, the number of beds per thousand people be gradually raised, and the idea of separated sectors and streamlining design be stressed.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of spiral CT pulmonary angiography(SCTPA) for pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods SCTPA scans were performed in 25 patients with PE,the contrast-enhanced SCT scans of the pulmonary arteries were performed,MPR,MIP and SSD were performed simultaneously.Results The 29 SCTPA scans were performed in 25 patients, including the central type in 23 cases(92%) and the peripheral type in 2 cases(8%).The rates of the main,the sinistral and dextral,the middle lobular,the lobular and the lingular pulmonary artery displayed were 100%,the rates of the segmental pulmonary artery displayed were 97.77% and the rates of the subsegmental pulmonary artery displayed were 68.00%.The lobular and segmental pulmonary artery were mainly embolized,the rates of PE were between 46.58% and 75.00%.Conclusion SCTPA has great value in earlier and clear and definite diagnosis of PE.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; analysis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism

Objective To observe the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) in the cerebral tissue following hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) in newborn rats and explore the machanism of inosine in protecting against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Sixty-six newborn rats aged 7 days were divided into sham,control and experimental groups.HIE models were made by clamping the right cervical artery and making hypoxia for 2 hours.The rats in experimental group began injecting inosine,at 1 day before experiment,and the rats in the sham and control groups saline solution with same dose.The samples were made at the given time,and expressions of VEGF and COX-2 were investigated by immunohistochemical technique.Results The cerebral tissue had no expression of VEGF and COX-2 in sham group.From 2 hours on cortex and striatum after HIE in control and experimental groups,expressions of VEGF and COX-2 increased rapidly,peaking at 12-24 hours,and then decreased gradually.Expressions of VEGF and COX-2 were higher in experimental group(All P

In the experiments we used T_6 medium prepared by ourselves and mixed with diferent concentrations of human serum albumin or mother's serum, from which we prepared follicular flushing medium, insemination medium and growth medium. Clomiphene citrate and HCG were used for inducing superovulation. The semen was obtained through masturbation and artificially capacitated. A mature ovum and 2-3 drops of capacitated semen were incubated together in insemination medium in the culture box containing 5% CO_2 in air atmosphere at 37℃. The ovum was aspirated and transferred into the growth medium and incubated for 16-17 hours. By this time the ovum was already fertilized with the appearance of 2 pronuclei. About 30 hrs, it normally developed into two-cell stage, 40-44 hrs, it cleavaged into 4-cell stage. After 72 hrs, the fertilized ovum grew into morula. Up to June, 1986 twentythree ova in vitro fertilized and cultured were transfered into 14 mothers, uteri at the four-cell stage. The details of fertilization and the early embryo development in vitro were described.

Objective To observe the effect and significance of high-expression HOXB4 in controlling proliferation and cycle of human cartilage endplate stem cells (CESCs).Methods CESCs were divided into adenovirus-mediated HOXB4 delivery group (Group A),empty virus delivery group (Group B) and blank control group.Gene and protein expressions of HOXB4 in Group A were detected by PCR and Western blot respectively; cell proliferation among those groups were determined using cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) technique; cell cycle among those groups was measured by propidium iodide (PI) assay and flow cytometry.Results (1) Over-expressed HOXB4 virus was transferred to CESCs successfully; (2) Real-time quantitative PCR results showed 3.6 times higher expression of HOXB4 in Group A than in blank control group.Western blotting indicated HOXB4 protein in Group A was 3 times the level in control group; (3) HOXB4 promoted CESCs proliferation (P ＜ 0.05) and blocked the cells at phase S.Cells at phase S in Group A was increased from 29.27 to 30.28 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Over-expressed HOXB4 accelerates proliferation of CESCs and increases cell population at phase S,indicating that HOXB4 hindering CESCs degeneration may be an approach to treat lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.

Objective To investigate the relative risk factors of glucose metabolism disorder in newborn infants.Methods Clinical information of 791 newborns suffered from glucose metabolism disorders who had been hospitalized in NICU from Jan.2004 to May 2007 were analyzed retrospectively.Four hundred and thirty-nine cases presented with hypoglycemia,275 cases presented with hyperglycemia,and 77 cases presented with both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.Data of risk factors were processed with both ?2 test and multiple Logistic regression analysis.Results The statistic analysis showed that low birth weight[258 cases(58.77%)],asphyxia[217 cases(49.43%)],acidosis[146 cases(33.26%)],hypothermia[128 cases(29.16%)],maternal gestational hypertension[83 cases(18.91%)],pneumonia[63 cases(14.35%)],anomaly of placenta[35 cases(7.97%)],maternal diabetes[17 cases(3.87%)] and septicaemia[10 cases(2.28%)]were significant hypoglycemia risk factors(according to the level of morbidity).Pneumonia[98 cases(35.64%)],asphyxia[129 cases(27.23%)],hypoxemia[61 cases(22.18%)]and septicaemia[24 cases(8.73%)]were significant hyperglycemia risk factors.Acidosis[33 cases(42.86%)],pneumonia[27 cases(35.06%)]and maternal diabetes[6 cases(7.79%)] were significant risk factors for neonates with both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.Conclusion Dynamic monitoring of blood glucose concentration and reasonable adjustment is recommended for neonates with risk factors to lower morbility and mortality.

BACKGROUND:The embryonic epicardium can differentiate into myocardial cells and the cardiac stem cells with the potential of vascular smooth muscle cells, and it can differentiate into cardiac three-line cells which provide a new cellsource for the regeneration of cardiac injury. But the directed differentiation mechanisms and regulatory factors are stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To establish the in vitro culture model of epicardial cells of mouse embryonic heart. METHODS:Embryonic hearts were dissected from the mice at pregnant 10.5-11.5 days, and the pulmonary veins, atrial tissue and left ventricle were cut off, then the embryonic hearts were transplanted into the 6-wel plates (or 35 mm dish) for culture. After cultured for 24 hours, the embryonic heart tissues were removed and cultured continuously. Phase contrast microscope was used to observe the growth characteristics of embryonic epicardial cells;the immunofluorescence technique was used to stain the specific antibody Wt-1 and Tbx18 of embryonic epicardial cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The embryonic epicardial cellmonolayers grew from tissue block edge with cobblestone-like and extended outwardly around the tissue blocks. After removed the embryonic heart, the cells grew continuously with rapid proliferation, and got fusion at 34 days. Al the embryonic epicardial cells could positively express the specific antibody Wt-1 and Tbx18 of embryonic epicardial cells. The results indicate that embryonic epicardial cells have the characteristics of rapidly growth and uniform morphology, and can express the embryonic epicardial cellspecific antibody with high purity. The successful y constructed in vitro culture models of embryonic epicardial cells provide new idea for the molecular mechanisms of directed differentiation.

Objective To determine the diagnostic and assessment value of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) level in septic patients.Methods Totally 82 septic patients in the Department of Intensive Care Unit of The First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-Sen University were prospectively analyzed from June 2013 to March 2014.Another 29 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and 15 healthy subjects served as controls.Septic patients were divided into sepsis group (n =27),severe sepsis group (n =27) and septic shock group (n =28) according to the severity,and there was no significant difference in age and sex among these groups.Measurement of plasma suPAR,serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels,and calculation of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were performed.Comparison of group differences for continuous variables was done by oneway ANOVA or nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.Spearman rank correlation analysis was applied to establish the relation between variables.Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was created and area under curve (AUC) was calculated to determine the diagnostic value of these variables in sepsis.Results The levels of plasma suPAR in SIRS group,sepsis group,severe sepsis group,septic shock group,and healthy control group were (8.22±0.61),(11.45±1.12),(12.99±1.28),(15.75± 1.23) and (4.65 ±0.30) ng/mL,respectively.Plasma suPAR levels in SIRS group and sepsis group were higher than that in healthy control group (P ＜ 0.01),and elevated plasma suPAR was accompanied by increased severity of sepsis (P ＜ 0.05).PCT levels of sepsis group (17.66 ± 8.42) ng/mL,severe sepsis group (9.67 ±3.56) ng/mL and septic shock group (29.19 ± 10.78) ng/mL were greater than that in SIRS group (1.10 ± 0.78) ng/mL,P ＜ 0.01.CRP levels elevated in all groups,but there were no significant differences among them.When suPAR and CRP were applied to distinguishing sepsis from SIRS,the AUC values from suPAR and combination of suPAR and PCT were 0.817 (P ＜ 0.01,95 ％ CI:0.714-0.921) and 0.927 (P＜0.01,95％ CI:0.870-0.985),respectively.Using9.52 ng/mL suPAR as the best cut-off to distinguish sepsis from SIRS,there were 71.93％ sensitivity and 95.46％ specificity.The levels of plasma suPAR positively correlated with PCT levels (r =0.326),APACHE Ⅱ score (r =0.492) and SOFA score (r =0.386),P ＜ 0.01.Conclusions Plasma suPAR levels significantly elevated in septic patients and correlated with the severity of sepsis.Sepsis and SIRS may be discerned by plasma suPAR levels.Joint use of suPAR and PCT could greatly increase the specificity of diagnosis of sepsis.