AlM: To investigate the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy ( DR) in type 2 diabetes patients.METHODS:A total of 380 cases of type 2 diabetes were selected from January 2014 to June 2014, divided into DR group (126 cases) and non-diabetic retinopathy ( NDR) as control group (254 cases), all patients were underwent medical history, physical examinations, laboratory and assistance examinations. The prevalence and single factor and multiple factors of DR were analysed by the logistic regression model.RESULTS: The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that DR was associated with diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low - density lipoprotein, urine protein, intraocular pressure, carotid intima - media thickness, peripheral neuropathy disease was the related risk factors for DR. ln multiple logistic regression analysis, only duration was the related risk factors for DR.CONCLUSlON:The occurrence of DR is the outcome of combined action of multiple factors, duration is an independent risk factor for occurrence of DR.

Following ideas are proposed for the development of library-holding resources with the need of users as its target according to the background and characteristics of big data, namely with the users-driving development of library-holding resources as its principle, with the users-satisfying resources acquisition method as its direction, and with the users-needing development of library-holding resources as its integration platform.

Detection of high-risk human papillomavirus ( HPV) gene is essential in cervical cancer screening.This paper presents some HPV detection methods according to different molecular techniques , mainly introducing the commonly used hybird capture Ⅱ, HybriMax and method based on fluorescent quantitative PCR , elaborates their advantages and shortcomings , and discusses the clinical applications in the future.

【Objective】 To examine the regeneration of NPY-immuno reactivity (IR) retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the effects of cholera toxin ( CTx) injected or/and peripheral nerve implanted on regeneration of NPY-IR RGCs. 【Methods】 16 adult golden hamsters were ramdomly divided into 4 groups. Optic nerve (ON) was transacted and a segment of autologous sciatic nerve (attached g raft, AG) was removed and sutured to the proximal stump of ON in regenerating co ntrol group (AG group). The animals in experimental groups were further treated with CTx injection or/and implantation of a short of segment sciatic nerve (SN) intravitrously. By using the retrograde labeling with fluorogold (FG) combined w ith fluorescent immunocytochemistry, the regenerated NPY-IR RGCs were observed and counted under fluorescent microscope. 【Results】 At 4 weeks after surgery, the mean number of regenerated NPY-IR RGCs per retina in AG group was 58±22 wh ich constitutes (3.36±0.65)% of the total regenerated RGCs. In AG+CTx, AG+SN and AG+CTx+SN experimental groups, the mean numbers of regenerated NPY-IR RGCs per retina were 143±47, 125±37 and 437±77 ordinally which constitute (5.15± 0.89)%, (5.34±0.37)% and (8.11±0.85)% of the total regenerated RGCs respec tively, which were increased significantly compared with those in AG group. 【Co nclusion】 The results show that the axotomized NPY-IR RGCs have th e capability of regenerating their axons into the attached PN graft, CTx and/or SN could enhance the regeneration of the NPY-IR RGCs.

Objective The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of cholera toxin(CTx) on promoting the regeneration of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) in hamster retina. Methods After optic nerve (ON) transection, an autologus sciatic nerve (attached graft, AG) was removed and sutured to the proximal stump of the ON. CT X was injected or (and) a small segment of sciatic nerve (SN) inserted intravitrously. Animals were separated into 5 groups:regenerating control group(AG groups and solution groups); AG+CT X groups; AG+SN groups; AG+CT X+SN groups; Effect and Dosage groups; Animals in the former 4 groups were allowed to survive for 2-6 weeks respectively. The regenerated RGCs were labeled retrogradely by granular blue, and the changes in number of regenerating RGCs in each retina were observed under fluorescent microscope. Results The mean numbers of regenerating RGCs in AG+CT X groups were increased and significantly higher than those in AG groups and solution groups at each time point( P

AIM: To explore the main risk factors related to the incidence of endophthalmitis in patients after cataract surgery in China and to provide evidence for prevention.METHODS: The results of 5 studies on the main risk factors of endophthalmitis in patients after cataract surgery were analyzed by Meta-analysis method.
RESULTS: The pooled odds ratio values and 95% CI of age(≥70), diabetes, vitreous overflow, operative time ( ≥ 10min ), common operating room and control of using time of topical anesthetic were 1. 81(95% CI: 1. 43-1. 69),3. 66 (95% CI: 1. 64 - 8. 16),2. 21 (95% CI: 1. 46 -3. 32),3. 54 (95% CI: 2. 47 - 5. 06),2. 77 (95% CI: 2. 07 -3. 72),2. 09(95% CI: 1. 53-2. 86).
CONCLUSION: The main risk factors of endophthalmitis were the age(≥70), diabetes, vitreous overflow, operative time(≥10min), common operating room and control of using time of topical anesthetic.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) in predicting severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by conducting a Meta-analysis.Methods Publications addressing the diagnostic accuracy of serum IL-8 in the diagnosis of SAP were selected from Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane library,CBM,Wanfang,VIP,and CNKI databases.Data analysis was conducted by STATA 9.2software.Results According to the inclusion criteria,five diagnosis tests were retrieved,including 299 SAP patients and 2956 healthy controls.Meta-analysis results showed that the pooled sensitivities of IL-8 were 65.8％and 70.9％ for days 1 and 2,respectively; the pooled specificities were 66.5％ and 91.3％ for days 1 and 2,respectively; the pooled positive predictive value were 54.7 and 86.2 for days 1 and 2,respectively; the pooled negative predictive value were 75.9 and 80.3 for days 1 and 2,respectively; the area under curve (AUC) were 0.73 (95％ CI:0.21-0.97) and 0.91 (95％ CI:0.85-0.92) for days 1 and 2,respectively; and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were 6.1 (95％ CI:2.8-13.2) and 23.4(95 ％ CI:8.1-63.7) for days 1 and 2,respectively.Conclusions Serum IL-8 on day 1 and 2 seems to perform high accuracy in predicting SAP,but diagnosis accuracy of serum IL-8 on day 1 was superior than that on day 1.Serum IL-8 might be an important tool for early prediction and diagnosis of SAP.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Patents as Topic ; Phytotherapy ; methods

It is well known that adolescent varicocele is one reason to induce the testicular hypotrophy and potential infertility.Its indication and methods of treatment are controversial.This review provides the recent progress in diagnosis and treatment of adolescent varicocele including the indications and methods of surgical treatment,as well as new information of future researcher in the areas.

BACKGROUND:Critical limb ischemia is difficult to be treated among the peripheral arterial occlusive diseases, and the application of transplanting autologous stem cells can bring a hope for the treatment of this disease.
OBJECTIVE: To review the autologous stem cells transplantation in the treatment of critical limb ischemia at present, and to study the mechanism and the existing problems.
METHODS:A computer retrieval of PubMed database, Wanfang database, and CNKI database was conducted to search the related articles with the keywords of“stem cell, transplant, critical limb ischemia”in English and Chinese. Final y, 47 articles were included in final analysis according to the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Autologous stem cells transplantation for treatment of lower extremity ischemic disease is a latest and significantly effective treatment, but the mechanism is unclear and stil needs further study.