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AKI is one of the frequent complications of critically ill patients,which is associated with high mortality.RRT is the main treatment,especially CRRT nowadays.But the optimal dosage of CRRT is unclear.In this article,we will review the evidence of CRRT in critically ill patients with AKI.Compared with traditional dosage of CRRT,high dose CRRT did not improve the clinical outcome.There was no difference in mortality rate,time for renal recovery,ICU hospitalization time,or organ failure in both groups,while there were more complications including hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia in the high dose CRRT group.Treatment with high dose CRRT could alter drug metabolism,cause malnutrition,unbalance the electrolyzes and cause hypothermia.So we conclude that traditional dosage of CRRT[20～35 mL/(kg?h)]is applicable for critically ill patients with AKI,but the determination of optimal dose depends on many clinical situations other than clearance of small solutes.

[Objective] To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on learning and cerebral heme oxygenase (HO) activity in rats with vascular dementia (VD). [Methods] Sixty rats were randomly allocated to mimic group (Group A), EA group (Group B), nimotone group (Group C) and model group (Group D) . Rat models of VD were established by 4 - vessel occulusion (4 - VO) method. Ten days after modeling, Group B was trested with EA on Baihui (GV20) and Dazhui (GV14), one time per day; Group C with nimotone, 20ml/kg body weight, ig, qd. The treatment course lasted 15 days. And then the learning was estimated with Morris water maze and HO activity in cortex and hippocampus (HC) of rats was also measured. [Results] Mean escape latency within 6 days in EA group was shorter than that in model group ( P 0.05). In EA group, the swimming times in the original platform quadrant were more than that in the right, left or opposite quadrant and also more than that in the original platform quadrant in the model group (P

Objective:To research the effect of total saponins Panax ginseng (TSPG) on the drug resistance of human erythroleukemia drug resistant cell line K562/A02 and its mechanism.Methods:The sensitivity of TSPG-treated K562/A02 cells to anticancer drugs was determined by MTT assay.Immunohistochemistry method was used to measure mdr-1 gene product P-gp and apoptosis regulation gene product bcl-2 expression. RT-PCR technique was used to examine mdr-1 mRNA expression.Results:In non-toxic dosages, TSPG strengthened the toxicity effect of doxorubicin on K562/A02 cells, while the reversing effect of TSPG was related to its concentration. Decrease in P-gp expression in K562/A02 cells was marked ( P O. 05)after 3 days of TSPG(150?g/ml)treatment.Decrease in mdr-1 mRNA expression was significant ( P

0.05).Conclusion:The frequency of respiration is affected by midazolam,but heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation are not.The dosage smaller than 0.1mg/kg of midazolam can produce safe and effective sedation for gastroscopy.

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective role of hemin and its effect on the expression of neuroglobin in the hippocampal organotypic tissue cultures(HOTC)after combined oxygen/glucose deprivation(OGD).Methods:SD rats,8~10-days old,were sacri-ficed for brain.HOTC were made and randomly divided into three groups:HOTC,HOTC undergoing OGD(OGD),HOTC under- going OGD following pretreatment with hemin(Hemin+OGD). The expression of neuroglobin was detected by immunohisto-chemical technique and computer-assisted image analysis.Results:In OGD group,hippocampal organotypic tissue lost normal structure and neurons were damaged severely.Pretreatment with hemin could effectively reverse the damage of the neurons.The expression of neu- roglobin in the Hemin+OGD group were significantly stronger than that in the OGD group.Conclusion:Hemin has protective effect on injury induced by OGD in rat hippaocampal slices,which is associated with enhanced expression of neuroglobin.

Objectives:To study the distribution status,clinical manifestations and laboratory test characteristics of alpha-thalassaemia gene type in the city of ChongQing to approach the importance of genetic diagnosis for alpha-thalassaemia,and the significance of thia diagnosis for antenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis to promote the survival quality of human being.Methods:This study was performed in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.One hundred and three alpha -thalassaemia patients were involved in this study.They had taken the tests of serum iron(SI),total iron binding capacity(TIBC),transferrin saturation(TS),hemoglobin(Hb)electrophoresis and genetic examination.Retrospective study and prospective study were performed with the results.Results:(1)A total of 72 patients underwent SI,TIBC and TS,and 55.56 %(40/72) patients had SI decreased,TIBC increased and TS decreased.(2) 92 serum samples from these patients had Hb electrophoresis,in which 31.52%(29/92) presented fast band.(3) In this study,there were 82.52%(85/103) deletional alpha-thalassaemia and 17.48%(18/103) non-deletional alpha-thalassaemia.(4) In 85 deletional alpha-thalassaemia,alpha0-thalassaemia was more than alpha+-thalassaemia.Conclusion:(1) Deletion form is the main form of ? thalassaemia in ChongQing.(2) alpha0-thalassaemia is less than alpha+-thalassaemia.(3) Genetic diagnosis is the gold standard for this disease.(4) It should be emphasized that antenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis are important for better lives of human beings.(5) Alpha-thalassaemia can affiliate nutritional iron deficiency anemia(NIDA).

In recent studies,it has been demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of surfactant is poor for late protein infants.Besides,this kind of infants have not infection or other risk factors that may lead to respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Thus,it is speculated that the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants is different from preterm infants.New researches show that,as the key point of Lung fluid transport via Epithelium,α-ENaC plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants through the inhibition of lung fluid clearance and activity of surfactant.This review highlights the most important mechanisms of Lung fluid absorption barrier in RDS of late preterm infants.

Objective To analyze the effect of Smad7 on the expression of TGF-?R,R Smads and STRAP in the process of malignant transformation of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells BEP2D.Methods Cells were cultured and protein were extracted from BEP2D,BERP35T2,BS7 and RS7 cells,then Western blotting was performed to examine the expression level of TGF-?RⅠ,TGF-?RⅡ,Smad2/3,Smad4 and STRAP.(Results) Stable transfection of Smad7 gene led to decreased expression of TGF-?RⅡ and increased expression of Smad2 and STRAP in both BEP2D and BERP35T2 cells.There were no changes in the expression of Smad3 and Smad4.Conclusion Overexpression of Smad7 leads to decreased expression of TGF-?R Ⅱ and increased expression of STRAP in BEP2D and BERP35T2 cells,which could be one of the mechanisms of the malignant transformation of BEP2D cells.

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