Valve replacement is the primary means of treatment of valvular disease. With the further research of artificial valve, Prosthesis-patient mismatch is becoming a hot research hotspot. This paper reviews research status of Prosthesis-patient mismatch.

Objective To establish the charge nurses'evaluation system and evaluate their work by comprehensive index to make the assessment more scientific.Methods The comparison value of different assessment factors were established by 4 rounds of expert consultations by the analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)and Delphi method.The index weight was confirmed and passed the coherence test(CR＜0.01).The combined index weight and comprehensive index were also obtained.Results The charge nurses'evaluation system containing 4 one-dimension targets(including internal nursing quality,patients satisfaction degree,individual professional spirit and study and development)and 17 two-dimension targets were set up.Conclusion The combination of AHP and Delphi method supplied a simple and prompt evaluation model though currently it is difficult to estimate management personnels objectively and fairly.

Objective To know the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its risk factors in the elderly in Gushan Town, Fuzhou City. Methods From July to November of 2007, 4653 elderly permanent residents from 14 administrative units were selected using random cluster sampling. Results The prevalence of elderly type 2 diabetes was 11.2%. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that age, occupation, monthly income (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.13～1.77), family history of diabetes (OR=6.49, 95%CI: 4.62～9.10), concen- tric obesity (OR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.15～1.88) were independent risk factors for diabetes. Conclusion The type 2 diabetes prevalence rate of the elderly was higher, and the health education and interventions should be strengthened to the people who have family history of diabetes and concentric obesity.

Objective To study the clinical significance of partial splenic embolization (PSE) for the treatment of hypersplenism and the relationship between the therapeutic effect and the area of embolization. Methods Sixteen patients with hypersplenism were divided randomly into two groups: Group 1 (n=5) and Group 2 (n=11). The embolization area in Group 1 was 40%-59% and that in Group 2 was 60%-80%. A follow-up for 1 year was conducted in all patients. Results The short-term effective rates (CR+PR) of thrombocyte count were 81.3% in Group 1 and 93.8% in Group 2, respectively, whereas the long-term effective rates were 62.5% and 87.5%, respectively, and the corresponding one-year recurrence rates were 23.1% and 6.7%. The long-term effective rates of WBC count were 71.4% and 82.2% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, and the one-year recurrence rates were 28.6% and 17.8%, respectively. The long-term effective rates of RBC count were 70% in Group 1 and 83.3% in Group 2, respectively, and the one-year recurrence rates were 22.2% and 11.8 %, respectively. Conclusion PSE, resulting in a low recurrence rate, is effective in treating hypersplenism.

Three patients with prostatic carcinoma who experienced bilateral orchidectomy 2 to 12 weeks ago were examined, and each patient accepted intramuscular injection of estradiol benzoate (E2B) in dose of 1 mg daily for 7 days. Blood sampe was drawn in an interval of 10 min was done for LH pulse analysis before and after the injection for a period of 7h. The results showed that the mean serum LH level decreased significantly from 177,58?3.20 to 174.70?7.60, 138.30?5.83 to 132.02? 5.77 and 145.88? 3.82 to 142.80? 3.65U / L, respectively (P

Embryonic stem(ES) cells are derived from totipotent cells of the early mammalian embryo and are capable of unlimited, undifferentiated proliferation in vitro. The establishment of mouse ES cell lines demonstrated the unmatchable convenience for the study of mouse embryonic development and the particular gene regulation and function. It has been long expected to construct such cell line for human. Here we summarized the development in the construction of human ES cell line, its potential utilization in various fields and the possible ethical dilemmas it brought with were also discussed.

Objective To investigate differences of teaching effects between CAI method and traditional teaching method. Methods The performance records of material media were compared after the students of nursing specialty attended lectures with CAI method or traditional teaching method. Results Comparing CAI method with traditional teaching method, there are respective advantages. CAI method and traditional teaching method can not substitute each other. Conclusions Effect of teaching with combination of CAI method and traditional teaching method has more advantage than simple CAI method.

Objective To study the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) expression and clinical significance in the tissue of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).Methods Western Blot and immunohistochemical staining were applied to investigate the expression of PI3K and Akt in specimens of 41 patients with EOC (EOC group),20 patients with normal ovary (NO,NO group) and 20 patients with benign epithelial ovarian tumor (BEOT,BEOT group).Results The positive expression rate of PI3K in EOC group [70.7％(29/41)] was significantly higher than that in NO group and BEOT group [10.0％ (2/20),20.0％ (4/20)] (P ＜0.01).The positive expression rate of Akt in EOC group [73.2％ (30/41)] was significantly higher than that in NO group and BEOT group [10.0％ (2/20),30.0％ (6/20)] (P＜ 0.01).There was significant difference in the expression of PI3K and Akt between Ⅰ-1Ⅱ stage and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage in EOC patients (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of PI3K and Akt between serous cystadenocarcinoma and mucous cystadenocarcinoma (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of PI3K and Akt increases obvioualy in the tissue of EOC.PI3K and Akt may play important roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis of EOC.PI3K/Akt pathway may be served as a potential target for anticancer therapy.

Objective To investigate the effects of cinnamic acid to enhance the exercise endurance in mice .Methods Through the exhaustive swimming to establish mice exhaustive exercise model ,the mice were divided into control group ,exercise control group and exercise cinnamic group(n=10) ,the mice exhaustive swimming time were comparted ,blood lactic acid(LAC) lev‐els were used to explore the endurance of cinnamic acid in mice;the super oxide dismutase (SOD) ,malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxidase (CAT) content in liver homogenates were used to detect mice endurance enhancement and antioxidant capacity of cin‐namic acid ,and expression of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme ,Ca2+ /Mg2+‐ATP enzyme on mice quadriceps by Western blot to further study its effect on improving exercise capacity in mice .Results Cinnamic acid significantly prolonged the swimming time of mice;Exercise cinnamic group compared with control group:although the LAC content in plasma elevated ,the difference was not statistically sig‐nificant(P>0 .05) ,SOD and CAT in liver homogenate was significantly decreased(P< 0 .05) ,MDA increased significantly(P<0 .01) ,CAT was decreased but with no statistically significant(P>0 .05) ,the expression level of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme and Ca2+ /Mg2+‐ATP enzyme decreased significantly (P< 0 .01) .Exercise control group compared with control group:the LAC content in plasma increased significantly(P<0 .01) ,SOD and CAT in liver homogenate was significantly decreased(P<0 .01) ,MDA increased significantly(P< 0 .01) ,expression level of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme and Ca2+ /enzyme Mg2+‐ATP decreased significantly (P<0 .01);Exercise cinnamic group exercise control group:the LAC content in plasma was significantly reduced(P<0 .01) ,SOD and CAT in liver tissue significantly increased(P< 0 .01) ,MDA decreased significantly(P<0 .01) ,CAT decreased significantly(P<0 .01) ,the expression level of Na+ /K+‐ATP enzyme and Ca2+ /Mg2+‐ATP enzyme decreased significantly(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Cinnamic acid has good oxidation resistances and anti‐fatigue ability .