Brain injury is a significant cause leading to death of neonates with a considerable variety of complications.Up to now researches have found the neuroprotective actions of erythropoietin (EPO) originally identified as erythropoiesis on neonatal brain injury.EPO has been reported to induce a broad effect in the brain directed to protect and repair neurons damage which are likely to contribute to the improvement in long-term neurological functional outcomes.EPO may provide a new approach for promoting survival and growth in nerve cells and hold great promise for the future treatments of neonatal brain injury.EPO and EPO receptor distribute in defferent parts of brain in fetus and newborns.A fundamental mechanism of EPO-induced neuroprotection is its ability to inhibit apoptosis that EPO and EPO receptor have been shown to modulate three cellular signal transduction pathways.The other neuroprotection mechanisms of EPO-induced include anti-infammatory,neurotrophy,anti-oxidation,angiogenesis,promoting neurogenesis and anti-epilepsy.

In order to make use of gerbils as a kind of experimental animal in Kunming, the Mongolian Gerbilis were indroduced into laboratory of KMC from Beijing for two years, and performed the management and breeding. This paper summarized the authoris experieuce of mating, breeding. diet regimen, house cleaning, care of the pregnant and newborn. The data of body weight measured in relation to the age were also presented.

Objective To investigate and compare the special psychologic characteristics of the post-traumatic epilepsy patients and their spouses.Methods The complete clinical data of 244 patients and their spouses were retrospectively and constractively analyzed. There were two distinct groups because of the etiology: group A including 122 patients of post-traumatic epilepsy and their spouses, and group B including essential epilepsy. Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were used to evaluate the psychologic status of objects.Results All of the single-item score of SCL-90 were significantly higher than the China norm (P<0.01) in both groups, and the score in group A was higher than that in group B. But the characteristics of the abnormal data were diffierent in patient from in spouse. The scores of the post-traumatic patients were higher than that of the spouses in 3 items, and lower in 5 items. Specially the depression and anxiety emotion of the spouses were more obvious than the patients in group A (P<0.01).Conclusion Both the patient and spouse have the conspicuous psychosomatic disorder, and the appearance is diffierent from each other. The psychosomatic disorder of post-traumatic epilepsy patient and spouse is more conspicuous than the essential epilepsy.

The repair of ancient books as an important element in the protection of ancient books,has been attached great importance in China ever since.At the sairle time,the work is facing with heavy tasks,emergent time,and lack of professional personnel.Besides,due to being emphasized too much on the experience of traditional handiworks for all the time,the work is absence of modern research,theoretical conclusion,scientific standardized management,and fund supporting.All these problems need to be solved rationally.

Objective This study discusses the role of case-based learning (CBL) in the development of common competency in medical students.Methods One hundred and twenty-one students of Grade 2013 and Grade 2014 majoring in clinical medicine were divided into study (Grade 2014:63 students) and control (Grade 2013:58 students) groups.The study group was composed of 5 teams,with 12 or 13 students in each team.CBL and traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) were applied to the study and the control groups respectively.After the courses,a questionnaire with 10 indicators of medical students' common competency was scored by the students.The scores were entered into SPSS 19.0 for two independent-samples t-test.Results The effective questionnaire recovery rates for the study and the control groups were 92.1％ and 98.3％ respectively.For the medical students' post competency index,students in the study group scored significantly higher than those in the control,with knowledge mastery,study interest,learning initiative,independent learning,problem analyzing,problem solving showing the following scores,respectively:(5.57 ± 0.77),(5.28 ± 1.01),(5.16 ± 0.91),(5.05 ± 1.05),(5.10 ± 0.89),and (5.09 ± 1.01),compared to those in the control showing the following scores,respectively:(5.14 ± 0.99),(4.82 ± 1.12),(4.75 ± 1.07),(4.46 ± 1.09),(4.70 ± 1.03),and (4.68 ± 0.97),and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).Besides,students in the study group performed much better in communication,collaboration,information collection,or critical thinking than those of the control (P＜0.05),with scores in the study group showing (4.97 ± 1.08),(5.33 ± 0.94),(5.21 ± 0.97),and (4.98 ± 0.96),respectively and those in the control (3.93 ± 1.16),(1.95 ± 0.85),(2.21 ± 0.98) and (2.12 ± 0.91),respectively,and the differences had statistical significance.Conclusion CBL can promote the early development of medical students' common competency during basic medical education and compared to the traditional LBL,teaching in smaller teams is much better in ability training.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the results of Procurement System implementation in Ningxia Rural Areas.METHODS:Typical sampling method selected 4 township hospitals of Xiji county and Pengyang county in Ningxia as a sample,through qualitative and quantitative methods to design the questionnaire and interview outline.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:during 06～08 years,the actual bidding variety of rural drugs accounted in Ningxia move gradually decreased the percentage of species;township hospitals in drug revenues decreased year by year the proportion of total income;drugs out of stock is serious;drugs are few,temporarily not bidding drugs are in high price;common drugs bidding directory is small;rural health room staff are paid lowly.Recommendating to establish a sound procurement system to make it better.

AIM:To observe the influences of artesunate(AS)on murine bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.METHODS:Murine bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were cultured in vitro with different concentration of AS.The numbers of erythrocyte colony-forming unit(CFU-E)or burst-forming unit(BFU-E)in liquid or semisolid culture were counted through light microscope.Apoptosis of cultured cells and the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry(FCM)analysis,meanwhile,DNA ladder gel electrophoresis were conducted.RESULTS:AS could significantly inhibit the formation of CFU-E and BFU-E(P

Objective To investigate mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) in ectopic endometriosis tissue and uterine endometrium from women with and without endometriosis. Methods Thirty-eight women with endometriosis (Revised American Fertility Society classification, RAFSⅠ-Ⅳ) were selected as study group. Thirty-eight specimens of ovarian endometrioma(ovarian chocolate cysts, OCC), 16 red peritoneal endometriotic lesions(RPL), and 35 matched eutopic endometrium(Eu) were collected from them simultaneously at the time of surgery. Twenty specimens of endometrium from reproductive women undergoing laparoscopic surgery without endometriosis were obtained as control group. The mRNA expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Expression of TIMP-1 mRNA was detected in all samples. The level from endometriosis patients and control group was similar(2.31?1.21, 2.40?0.89). However, ectopic endometrium expressed significantly fewer TIMP-1 mRNA(OCC 1.67?0.79, RPL 1.45?0.68)compared with eutopic endometrium from both endometriosis and endometriosis-free patients(P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and the influence on T cell subsets of telbivudine in the treatment of HBeAg -positive chronic hepatitis B , guide clinical treatment .Methods 70 patients HBeAg -positive chronic hepatitis B in our hospital were randomly divided into the telbivudine group which were received telbi -vudine 600mg/d and lamivudine group which were received lamivudine 100mg/d,35 cases of each group ,both group had been treated for 48 weeks,the liver function (ALT,AST) were detected for making a statistics of ALT normaliza-tion,the serum were extracting for detecting HBV -DNA and making a statistics of HBV -DNA negative rate by PCR,the HbeAg were detected for making a statistics of HBeAg seroconversionby ECLIA ,T cell subsets ( CD3+,CD4+, CD8+,CD4+/CD8+) were detected by flow cytometry ,observed adverse events .Results The ALT,AST,HBV-DNA of the telbivudine group and lamivudine group after treatment were (36.04 ±7.62)U/L and (63.53 ±14.13)U/L, (34.26 ±8.51)U/L and (55.31 ±15.48)U/L,(2.22 ±0.73)copies/mL and (3.28 ±0.95)copies/mL,all indi-cators significantly lower than before treatment (t =24.826,18.564,7.495 and 17.413,13.331,5.442,all P<0.05),and the ALT,AST of the telbivudine group were significantly lower than the lamivudine group ( t=3.867, 3.774,3.498,all P<0.05).The ALT normalization,HBV-DNA negative rate,HBeAg seroconversion rate of the telbivudine group and lamivudine group were 97.14%and 74.29%,94.29%and 68.57%,62.86%and 37.14%, telbivudine group,the telbivudine group were significantly higher than that of lamivudine group (χ2 =7.467,7.652, 4.629,all P<0.05).The CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+of telbivudine group and lamivudine group after treatment were (66.3 ±3.8)%and (60.6 ±3.5)%,(38.8 ±5.4)% and (35.2 ±4.4)%,(1.33 ±0.16)% and (0.95 ±0.11)%,all indicaitons significantly higher than before treatment ( t =5.442,6.173,3.753 and 3.404,3.635, 3.222,all P <0.05),the telbivudine group were significantly higher than lamivudine group (t =3.473,3.207, 3.422,all P<0.05).Conclusion The telbivudine has better efficacy than the lamivudine in the treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B because of enhancing immune function ,can improves ALT normalization ,HBV-DNA negative rate and HBeAg seroconversion rate ,inhibit HBV replication .

Objective To investigate effect of probiotics in the treatment of patients with severe hepatitis and its influence on inflammatory cytokines.Methods A retrospective analysis of the data of patients with severe hepati-tis were maded.There were 100 patients,which including 50 cases of the observation group and 50 cases of control group,the control group was given conventional treatment,the observation group was given Bacillus viable capsule (Zhengchangsheng) for 4 weeks,2 granule a time and three times a day.The clinical symptoms were observed before and after treatment,the blood was exsanguinated for detecting bowel flora,total bilirubin,liver function and inflamma-tory cytokines.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 86%,which was significantly higher than 56% of the control group(χ2 =11.409,P <0.01).The enterobacter of the observation group after treatment was (6.71 ±1.30)lgn/g,which was lower than before treatment(t =3.602,P <0.05),the bifidobacterium,lactobacillus, bacteroides were (7.88 ±1.18)lgn/g,(8.08 ±1.65) lgn/g,(8.30 ±1.20)lgn/g,respectively,which were higher than before treatment(t =3.772,3.707,3.523,all P <0.05).The intestinal flora in the control group had no differ-ence before and after treatment.After treatment,the total bilirubin,ALT,plasma endotoxin of the observation group and the control group were (195.0 ±25.4)μmol/L and (307.6 ±40.5)μmol/L,(58.2 ±11.5)U/L and (90.2 ± 10.5)U/L,(0.18 ±0.06)EU/mL and (0.29 ±0.08)EU/mL,respectively,which were lower than before treatment (t =16.307,9.408,10.157 and 4.032,8.075,5.076,all P <0.01).The serum TNF -α,IL -6 levels of the obser-vation group were (106.2 ±12.5)pg/mL,(82.3 ±18.9)pg/mL,which were lower than before treatment(t =3.732, 4.017,all P <0.05),which of the control group were (130.5 ±20.6)pg/mL,(110.2 ±17.8)pg/mL,there was no difference before and after treatment.The IL -2,IL -10 levels of the observation group were (60.7 ±10.0)pg/mL, (31.7 ±6.6)pg/mL,which were significantly higher than before treatment(t =3.757,3.877,all P <0.05),which of the control group were (46.2 ±5.8)pg/mL,(23.4 ±5.1)pg/mL,which had no difference before and after treat-ment.The total bilirubin,ALT,plasma endotoxin,serum TNF -α,IL -6 levels of the observation group were lower than the control group(t =7.653,8.104,3.309,3.511,3.787,all P <0.05).The IL -2,IL -10 levels of the obser-vation group were higher than the control group(t =3.487,3.428,all P <0.05).Conclusion Probiotics can correct intestinal flora,reduce plasma endotoxin,inhibit inflammatory mediators,reduce inflammation of the liver damage, improve liver function and clinical symptoms and should be introduced in the treatment of severe hepatitis.