Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of syndrome caused by a non-progressive brain injury that occurs from before birth to 28 days after birth. The principal symptoms of CP are abnormal centrocinesia and irregular posture, or accompanied by intelligence disorders, seizures, dystropy, sensory impairments and other dysfunctions. To evaluate the function of children with cerebral palsy can assess disfuction level,judge clinical classification, estimate prognosis, and more importantly guide to establish treatment plan and evaluate therapeutic efficacy. At present, there are no unified standards to evaluate CP at home and abroad, So this article will overview evaluation methods of CP commonly used in recent years.

Objective To compare the clinical effect and adverse reactions of different concentrations of dezocine epidural anesthesia for cesarean section.Methods According to digital table,120 cases of elective cesarean section were randomly divided into 4 groups with 30 cases in each group, the group D1 was given with dezocine 2.5mg,the group D2 with dezocine 5mg,the group D3 with dezocine 10mg,the group M with morphine 2mg.All the drugs used in postoperative epidural analgesia after cesarean section.To observe resting pain and conduct the VAS scoring at postoperative 4,8,12,24h and record various adveme reactions.Results The VAS scores at postoperative 4,8,12h in the group D1 were lower than those in the D2,D3,M with statistical difference(all P<0.05).The VAS scores at postoperative 4,24h had no statistical difference among D2,D3,M groups(all P>0.05).The VAS scores at postoperative 8h in the group D3 were lower than those in the D2,D3,M with statistical difference(all P<0.05). There were no statistical differences among 4 groups at postoperative 24h(all P>0.05).The incidence rates of nause-a and vomiting the group M were higher than that in the group D1,D2 and D3,showing statistical difference among them(P<0.05).Conclusion Appropriate concentrations of dezocine used in postoperative epidural analgesia after cesarean section has definite effect and less adverse reactions.

Objective To observe the influence of the insulation blanket applied in general anesthesia on the incidence of postoperative delirium.Methods 60 patients with elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under generalanesthesia with ASA of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ were selected.According to the random number table,the patients were divided into group A(without insulation blanket)and group B (with insulation blanket),each group in 30cases.The dosage and drug batch number of anesthetic drugs were same.Evaluated each patient using the confusion assessment method-chinese revised (CAM-CR).Recorded the number of cases of delirium for each group when 24 hours,48 hours, 72 hours after operation.Results The incidence of postoperative delirium in group A was 6.7%,which in group B was 0.0%.The incidence of postoperative delirium of group B was lower than group A (P <0.05 ).Conclusion Using insulation blanket to protect body temperature in perioperative operation can reduce the incidence of postopera-tive delirium in perioperative operation.

Objective We have examined tumor suppressor gene p53 from N- methyl - N- nitrosourea (MNU ) induced the col - orectal tumors in rats. Methods PCR, SSCP and DNA sequence analysis. Results In colorectal tumors induced by MNU, the mobil- ity shifts of p53 gene mutation were observed, p53 gene mutation was a deletion at third position C of codon 244 in exon7. Conclu- sion The present study suggested that MNU induces rat p53 mutations in the colorectal tumors.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture-moxibustion in the treatment of cerebral palsy-related speech impairment.Methods:A systematic literature search of 7 electronic databases was conducted between January 7,2000 and January 12,2021 to find randomized controlled trials(RCTs)examining the benefits of acupuncture-moxibustion combined with rehabilitation training to cerebral palsy-induced speech impairment.The included trials'quality was assessed using the Cochrane Reviewers'Handbook as a guide,and statistical analysis was carried out using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 17 RCTs with 1238 subjects were finally recruited and analyzed.When acupuncture-moxibustion was combined with rehabilitation training,the results showed a considerable improvement in speech impairment compared with the rehabilitation training alone.The most commonly used points for the treatment of speech disorders are Baihui(GV20),Speech Area,Zhisanzhen[Shenting(GV24)and bilateral Benshen(GB13)],Niesanzhen[2 Cun above the ear tip as the first point,with 1.0 Cun anterior and posterior to the current point as the second and third points],and Sishenzhen[1.5 Cun anterior,posterior,and bilateral to Baihui(GV20)].Conclusion:Acupuncture-moxibustion has a stronger effect on children's development of receptive and expressive language,as well as the developmental quotient.Acupuncture-moxibustion in combination with rehabilitation training is not only more successful than the control treatment,but also safer and more dependable.Baihui(GV20),Speech Area,Zhisanzhen,Niesanzhen,and Sishenzhen are the most widely used points for speech impediment.

Objective To explore the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on diabetic myocardium and anoxic pre-conditioning (AP).Methods Eight-week-- old male Sprague-Dawley rats were given with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg)to induce diabetes mellitus (DM).Donor rats were 8-week-old male Sprague - Dawley rats.Before transplantation,MSC were incubated in CM-DiI at a concentration of 2 μg/mL for 20 min.AP-MSC were exposed to 3 hours of anoxia.At 4 months after STZ injection,diabetic rats were randomly given with an intramyocardial injection of one of the followings:150 μL of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium ( DMEM),5 ×106 MSC/150 μL,or 5 × 106 AP - MSC/150 μL (n =10 for each group).Three months after STZ injection and 2 weeks after transplantation,we evaluated the cardiac function by echocardiography,and also evaluated the cardiac conditions by alkaline phosphatase staining,western blot analysis for apoptosis related proteins and signal pathways.Results MSC,especially AP- MSC increased fractional shortening (FS) of diabetic heart (P ＜0.01 vs DMEM respectively).AP-MSC greatly increased the capillary density of diabetic myocardium (P ＜0.01 vs DMEM and MSC group respectively).AP-MSC are anti-apoptotic in the rat DCM model,possibly mediated through cardiac upregulation of Bcl-2/Bax ratio ( P ＜ 0.05 ) and inhibiting the expression and activation of caspase - 3 ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Intramyocardial transplantation of APMSC has a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Objective:To explore the lactate metabolism in brain tissue of the mice with early acute hypoxia-ischemia injury,and to provide data support for 9.4T 1 H-NMR spectroscopy in detecting the lactate level clinically.Methods:Eighty Kunming mice were randomly divided into sixteen groups (0 s,20 s,40 s,60 s,2 min,4 min, 6 min,8 min, 10 min, 12 min, 14 min, 16 min, 18 min,and 20 min)according to the duration of hypoxia-ischemia (n=5).The changes of lactate levels were detected by 9.4T 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. Results:After the initiation of hypoxia-ischemia injury,the lactate level began to increase rapidly to the highest value of (6.89 ± 0.34)μmol·g-1 at 20 s,then started to decline quickly from 40 s to 2 min,and eventually decreased to a stable level of (4.85±0.36)μmol·g-1 until 6 min.Compared with control group,the levels of lactate in brain tissue of the mice in hypoxic-ischemic groups were increased (P <0.01).Conclusion:40 s of acute hypoxia-ischemia may be the lactate cerebral neuron threshold during the anaerobic glycolysis. 9.4T1 H-MRS can provide the exact time window for detecting the lactate metabolism.

Objective To explore the effect of the unilateral lumbar anesthesia by hypobaric bupivacaine and general anesthe‐sia in elderly hip replacement and their influence on the stress response .Methods Forty elderly patients undergoing hip replace‐ment in our hospital from December 2013 to November 2014 were selected and randomly divided into the unilateral lumbar anesthe‐sia group and general anesthesia group according to the random number table ,20 cases in each group .Venous blood was collected to determine the levels of blood sugar ,serum catecholamine(CA) and cortisol(CORT ) at 10 min before anesthesia(T0 ) ,end of surgery (T1 ) and at postoperative 24 h(T2 ) .MAP ,HR ,SpO2 ,intraoperative adverse reactions and postoperative related complications were recorded at each time point ,and the comparative analysis was performed .Results All patients successfully completed surgery and the anesthetic effect was satisfied .The occurrence rates of intraoperative hypotension ,hypertension and bradycardia in the unilateral lumbar anesthesia group were lower than those in the general anesthesia group ,the differences had statistical significances (P>0 .05) .HR and MAP at T1 in the two groups were reduced ,but the differences between the two groups were no statistical signifi‐cance(P>0 .05);the levels of GLU ,CORT and CA were increased ,moreover the differences between the two groups were statisti‐cally significant(P<0 .05) .SpO2 at T2 in the general anesthesia group was obviously lower than that in the unilateral lumbar anes‐thesia group ,while CORT was higher than that in the unilateral lumbar anesthesia group ,the differences were statistically signifi‐cant(P<0 .05) .The occurrence rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting ,sore throat ,dizziness ,drowsiness and pulmonary infec‐tion in the unilateral lumbar anesthesia group were lower than those in the general anesthesia group ,the differences were statistical‐ly significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The unilateral lumbar anesthesia by using hypobaric bupivacaine and general anesthesia all could offer better anesthetic effect .The unilateral lumbar anesthesia by using hypobaric bupivacaine can effectively regulate the stress response in elderly patients with hip replacement .

Objective:To investigate the balance of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 in peripheral whole blood from SLE patients and find out the relationship between disease activity and the balance of type 1 and type 2 cytokines.Methods:Peripheral blood cells from SLE patients(active,n=15,inactive,n=20) were stimulated and normal subjects(n=20) with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin(PMA/I) for 4 h,then IFN-? and IL-4 in CD3~+CD8~-T cells(Th) and CD3~+CD8~+T cells(Tc) were detected by recently developed intracytoplasmic cytokine-staining techniques,anti-dsDNA antibodies in serum was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA) and immunoglobulin in serum and protein in urine were analyzed with rate nephelometry.Results:In SLE patients with active disease,the percent of IFN-?-secreting Th cells significantly increased compared with SLE patients with inactive disease and normal after in vitro PMA/I stimulation,the percent of IFN-?-secreting Tc cels significantly increased compared with normal,but IL-4-secreting Th cells and Tc cells did not vary significantly.In SLE patients with inactive diseases,only the percent of IFN-?-secreting Tc cells significantly increased compared with control.The percent of IFN-?-secreting Th and Tc cells in patients with anti-dsDNA antibody(+) in serum decreased significantly compared with patients with anti-dsDNA antibody(-).Although the percent of IL-4-secreting Th and Tc cells in patients with aberrantly high level of immunoglobulin had no change,but the mean fluorescent intensify(MIF) of IL-4-secreting Th and Tc cells increased significantly compared with patients with normal level of immunoglobulin.There was no correlation between the percent of IFN-? or IL-4 in Th or Tc cells and the content of protein in patients' urine.Conclusion:The balance between type 1 and type 2 cytokine-secreting T cells is disrupted in SLE patients,especially IFN-?-secreting T cells,which is significantly in favour of Th2 cells.The level of IFN-? or IL-4 in Th or Tc cells varied partly with disease activity,which deserved further study.

To investigate the therapeutic effect of peroxiredoxin-6(PRDX6)on ultraviolet-induced corneal injury in rats and explore the mechanism.The rat model of corneal injury was established by exposing to ultravio-let.Male wister rats were randomly divided into control groups,dexamethasone (DXM)groups and PRDX6 groups,the rats were administered four times a day and for 12 days.The corneal opacity was observed with a slit-lamp microscope.Histopathologic changes were observed with light microscopy.The content of corneal malonalde-hyde(MDA)was determined by thiobarbituric acid test and the total antioxidative capacity(TAOC)was detected by chemical colorimetric test.P38 MAPK signal pathway was detected with the method of Western blot and the gene expression of cytokines were measured by RT-PCR method.Compared with the control group,PRDX6 treat-ment significantly reduced corneal opacity,improved corneal pathology injury,decreased the MDA content and in-creased the TAOC.In the PRDX6 group the level of phosphorylated p38 protein was significantly lower than that in the control group.The gene expression of cytokine were different between control and PRDX6 groups(P <0.05).PRDX6 showed therapeutic effect in the rat model of ultraviolet-induced corneal injury.This maybe be concerned with that it could alleviated the oxidative damage,suppressed p38 MAPK phosphorylation and regulate the gene expression of cytokine.