Mutant or aberrant regulation of expressing products of p53 gene results in losing its tumor suppressive function,which is often seen in many malignancies,including breast cancer.Oncoprotein MDM2 plays a primary role in regulating P53,and these two form an automregulatory feed back loop.mdm 2/p53 pass way performs important function in development,progression,therapy and prognosis of breast cancer.Besides,more and more studies show that some other molecular markers in breast cancer,such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, p14ARF, and Her2/neu can regulate this passway unneglectedly.The purposeof this reviewis to summarize not only the relations betweenmdm 2/p53 passway and pathological charac-ters,therapy and prognosis of breast cancer,but also the relations of this passway with some other molecular proteins in breast cancer.

0.05), and the change of kidney tissue morphology of groups C, D, E was little. Conclusion Xiaojiyinzi, chief or adjuvant herbs in Xiaojiyinzi can reduce the nephrotoxicity of caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint application withBaoShen cataplasm in treating chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and its effect on the quality of life.MethodSixty CKD patients were randomized into a treatment group and control group, 30 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by conventional Western medicine, while the treatment group was by acupoint application withBaoshen cataplasm in addition to the same Western medicine treatment. The SF-36, symptom score and Chinese medicine, 24hupq, Scr, and GFR were observed before and after intervention.Result The total effective rate was 86.7% in the treatment group versus 66.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); in the treatment group, the effective rates for the kidney yang deficiency and kidney yin deficiency were respectively 88.2% and 84.6%, versus 68.8% and 64.3% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the symptom score of Chinese medicine dropped significantly in both groups after intervention (P<0.05), while the change in the treatment group was more marked than that in the control group (P<0.05); after intervention, the Scr and 24hupq decreased and GFR increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05); the bodily pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional role and mental health scored higher after intervention in both groups, and the scores in the treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionAcupoint Application withBaoshen cataplasm can significantly improve the renal function and symptoms of CKD patients, promote the quality of life, and it can produce a content therapeutic efficacy in treating CKD due to kidney yang deficiency and kidney yin deficiency based on the conventional treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of MIF, NF-κB p65 and IL-1β in the tissue of nasal polyps and normal inferior turbinate, to analyze their relevance, and to explore their role in nasal polyps. METHOD: The infiltrating results of EOS and others inflammatory cells in 48 cases diagnosed as nasal polyps (nasal polyps group) were detected by HE staining, and the expression of MIF, NF-κB p65 and IL-1β were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Twenty-one patients who were performed septoplasty orthotics were included as the control group; the VAS and Lund-Kennedy score were used to evaluate the degree of nasal polyps in patients and the correlation analysis was conducted between the disease severity and the expression levels of this three factors. RESULT: (1) The infiltrating results of EOS and the expression level of MIF, NF-κB p65, IL-1β in nasal polyps group are obviously higher than these in the control group (P < 0.05); Spearman correlation analysis shows that MIF, NF-κb p65 and IL-1β are positively correlated with each other (r = 0.74, 0.66, 0.60, P < 0.05); the nuclear activation rate of NF-κB p65 is positively correlated with MIF, IL-1β (r = 0.67, 0.63, P < 0.05); the infiltration degree of EOS is positively correlated with MIF, IL-1β (r = 0.49, 0.55, P < 0.05), but has no correlation with the NF-κB p65 and its nuclear activation rate. (2) The VAS grade of the nasal polyps group is 8.24 ± 1.72 and the nasal endoscopic examination grade is 8.63 ± 3.81. Spearman correlation analysis shows that the VAS grade is positively correlated with the level of MIF (r = 0.71, P < 0.05), but had no correlation with NF-κB p65, its nuclear activation rate and IL-1β. The nasal endoscopic examination grade is positively correlated with MIF and the nuclear activation rate of NF-κB p65 (r = 0.79, 0.73, P < 0.05), but has no correlation with the level of NF-κB p65 and IL-1β (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION MIF, NF-κB p65 and IL-1β may promote the development of the nasal polyps, and there may exist the IL-1β--NF-κB--MIF approach in nasal polyps; MIF and NF-κB may participate in maintaining physiological function of inferior turbinate and have relations with the lightest sustained inflammation of inferior turbinate. The MIF and NF-κB p65 nuclear activation rate can be used as a standard of the nasal polyp severity and the judgement prognosis.
Humans ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases ; metabolism ; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of 18 F?FDG PET/CT in untreated small cell lung cancer ( SCLC) . Methods A total of 49 SCLC patients( 35 males, 14 females, median age 61 years) with pathologically confirmed SCLC had underwent 18 F?FDG PET/CT scan before treatment from January 2008 to December 2013 and were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Clinical staging were mainly deter?mined by 18 F?FDG PET/CT scan. Performance status ( PS) was acquired according to the clinical symptoms before PET examination. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months and the survival interval was recor?ded. Two?sample t test, Kaplan?Merier, log?rank and Cox regression analysis were used for statistical analy?sis. Results (1)Among 49 patients, 20 died during the follow?up, 1 patient was lost to follow?up, and 45 patients(91.84%) had metastasis. Patients with limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED) were 27 and 22 respectively according to 18F?FDG PET/CT imaging. (2)The median OS was 23.68 months and me?dian PFS was 19.93 months. LD patients had significantly longer OS and PFS than ED patients (35.30 months vs 12.57 months, 28.87 months vs 11.30 months;χ2=18.810, 13.647, both P<0.05). (3)SUVmax of primary tumor ranged from 1.97 to 21.50. The SUVmax of primary foci had no difference between LD(8.27± 3.14) and ED(9.68±5.36)patients(P>0.05). SUVmax of primary tumor showed no significant correlation with OS and PFS (both P>0.05).There were no significant differences in OS and PFS between low SUVmax group and high SUVmax group in both LD and ED patients (χ2=0.001-0.565, all P>0.05). (4) Staging based on 18 F?FDG PET/CT results and PS score were independent prognostic factors ( hazard ratios:3.93, 5?00, both P<0.05) , while SUVmax showed no significant prognostic value. Conclusions PS score before PET scan and imaging staging based on 18 F?FDG PET/CT results are independent prognostic factors. The predictive value of primary foci SUVmax needs further investigation.

Objective To evaluate Doppler spectrum of ductus venosus(DV) in selective intrauterine growth restricted(sIUGR) pregnancies.Methods Thirty-five sIUGR pregnancies and 35 normal single pregnancies with same gestational week were enrolled,there were 10 sIUGR Ⅰ,13 sIUGR Ⅱ and 12 sIUGR Ⅲ in sIUGR.Spectrum of ductus venosus,such as DV S wave,DV D wave,DV A wave,DV PI,DV PLI and S/A were assessed.Results ① There was no significantly difference in spectrum of ductus venosus between bigger of sIUGR,smaller of sIUGR Ⅰ with normal fetus (all P ＞0.05).② Compared with normal fetus,DV-PI,DV-PLI and S/A were significant higher in smaller of sIUGR Ⅱ and sIUGR Ⅲ (P ＜0.05);DV-S wave,and DV-D wave showed no significantly difference in smaller of sIUGR Ⅱ and sIUGRⅢ (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Spectrum of ductus venosus in bigger of sIUGR and smaller of sIUGR Ⅰ are mainly normal,and nearly in good condition in utero,inversely,abnormal spectrum of ductus venosus commonly exists in smaller of sIUGR Ⅱ and sIUGR Ⅲ,and supervision should be done carefully in these group.

BACKGROUND: Many studies showed that neural stem cells (NSC) transplantation can promote functional improvements in rats subjected to spinal cord injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of NSC transplantation on expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in the motor cortex in rats subjected to spinal cord transection.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at Institute of Neuroscience,Kunming Medical College from July 2007 to December 2008.MATERIALS: Five green fluorescent protein transgenic mice with 14-15 embryonic days were prepared for NSC. Additionally 88 adult female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=8), model group (n=40) and NSC transplantation group (n=40).METHODS: Model of spinal cord transection was established by cut transversely Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats T_9 segment. Rats in the sham operation group were subjected to laminectomy at T_8, without spinal cord injury. After the spinal cord was exposed at the lesion site, a small piece of 2 mm~3 gel foam soaked with 3×10~5 NSC were implanted into the gap to fill the lesion site of the T_9 level in rats of the NSC transplantation group. The measurements of relative indexes were performed at the days 3, 7,14, 21 and 28 after transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 expressions were detected by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Compared to the sham operation group, the Bax expression in the model group had no significant difference (P >0.05), the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased obviously at days 14 and 28 after operation (P < 0.05), while a significant increase on the expression of Caspase-3 at day 3 (P < 0.05). Compared to the model group, the expression of Bax was dramatically decreased in the NSC transplantation group at day 3 (P < 0.05), with a notably increased Bcl-2 expression at days 14 and 21 after transplantation (P < 0.05), but the expression of Caspase-3 presented a significant decrease at days 3 and 7 after transplantation (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: NSC transplantation probably regulates the expression of apoptosis genes (Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA) to promote neurological function recovery in rats subjected to cord transection.

Objective: To compare the influence of nickel-chromium alloy and gold-platinum alloy porcelain-fused-to-metal ( PFM ) on ultramicrostructure of canine gingival tissues, to survey the biological effects after PFM full crown restoration, and to provide data for selection of PFM materials. Methods; The nickel-chromium alloy and gold-platinum alloy PFM full crowns were used to repair canines in 3 healthy dogs. The microstructure of canine gingival tissue was observed through light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Apoptosis of canine gingival cells was detected by TUNEL method. Results; Under light microscope, inflammatory cell infiltration and partial bleeding were seen in the nickel-chromium alloy PFM full crown repaired canine gingival tissues. Under transmission electron microscope, large amount of cell apoptosis and neuclear condensation were observed in these tissues,and apoptotic index was 58.63% ±11. 12%. While under light microscope, inflammatory cell infiltration and partial bleeding were not seen in the gold-platinum metal PFM full crown repaired canine gingival tissues. Under transmission electron microscope, only small amount of cell apoptosis was detected in these tissues,and apoptotic index was 26. 90% ± 17. 35%. Statistical significance was found in both nickel-chromium alloy group and gold-platinum metal group compared to control group. There was also statistical significance between nickel-chromium alloy group and gold-platinum metal group in cell apoptosis numbers (P <0. 05). Cell apoptosis number in nickel-chromium alloy group was much higher than that in gold-platinum metal group. Conclusion; The negtive effects on ultramicrostructure of gingival tissue using nickel-chromium alloy PFM are more evident than using gold-platinum metal. When select PFM to repair defect teeth, it is better to select the inactive gold-platinum metal PFM as base crown.

AIM: To determine the role of the glycocalyx in microvascular permeability. METHODS: Dextran was intravenously injected and quatitatively examined in the rat transient cerebral ischemic model. At the same time, endothelial glycocalyx (anionic sites) was labelled with the probe cationic gold colloid (CGC) using post-embedding technique and examined with electron microscope. RESULTS: The labeling of CGC decreased significantly following ischemia, meanwhile, microvascular permeability to dextran increased. CONCLUSION:Endothelial glycocalyx is very sensitive to ischemia or anoxia. Its disruption may be the initiator of the dysfunction of endothelium and the determinant of increased permeability.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, histopathological patterns, and methods of diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant duodenal tumors. Methods The data of 82 patients with primary malignant duodenal tumors confirmed by pathology and admitted to our hospital over a 10-year period were analyzed retrospectively. Results Tumor location:Tumors were located in the peripapilla region in 64 cases, at the descending portion of the duodenum in 11 cases, at other regions of the duodenum in 7 cases. The common presenting symptoms and signs were abdominal pain in 57 cases, jaundice 53 cases, and gastrointestinal bleeding in 41 cases. In these patients, radical resection of tumor was performed in 36 cases, palliative resection of tumor in 31cases,and operative intervention was not done in 15 cases.The 5-year survival rate of followed-up patients in this group was 2.4%. Conclusions The common presenting symptoms and signs of patients with primary malignant duodenal tumors were abdominal pain, jaundice and GI bleeding, but these patients usually lack specific symptoms and signs. The chief pathologic type is adenocarcinoma and the predisposed site of occurrence is the duodenal papillary region and the descending duodenum . CT, B ultrasonography and gastroduodenoscopy are the chief measures for the diagnosis of primary duodenal malignant tumors, and surgical resection is the main modality of treatment of this disease. The prognosis of primary duodenal malignant tumors is very poor.