OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for the setting-up of the current pharmacovigilance(PV)system.METHODS:The characteristics of the setup of the PV system in both US and France were analyzed and the problems encountered in current monitoring system of adverse drug effects were pointed out.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Both American and French PV systems have their own advantages and we should learn from it and draw useful experiences from them.In constructing PV system,China should make improvement in organization,communication,financial resource and information technology etc.

In order to have a better understanding of the relation between vertical dimension and occlusal force,a meter was made by means of straingauge.Five Japanese men were investi- gated for occlusal force at different vertical dimensions.The measurements showed that the maximal occlusal force of the posterior teeth occured at 8 to 15mm or the vertical dimension, the maximal occlusal forec of the anterior teeth occured at 13 to 18mm.This indicated that the occlusal force was closely related to the state of jaw closing muscle.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Cucurbita ; chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Lipids ; blood ; Oxidative Stress ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Rats

Objective　To study the effects of deliberated hypotension combined with acute simple hemodilution on blood loss,postoperative hemoglubin of the patients undergoing spinal side(back) protrude correction(SSP).Methods　Twenty four ASA grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ patients undergoing elective SSP were randomly divided into two groups:control group(n＝12) and hypotensive group(n＝12).The all patients received with general anesthesia.In the hypotensive group:acute simple hemodilution was accomplished with infusion of lactated Ringer's solution and Gelofusine of as three times as blood loss.Deliberated hypotensin was induced and maintained with 0.01% sodium nitroprusside 2～6μg/kg/min iv.Intraoperative blood loss,blood transfused volume during operation and postoperative hemoglobin were recorded and compared between both groups.Results　 Blood loss was about 51% lower in the deliberated hypotensive group than that in the control group at the end operation.The average volume of transfused blood during operation was(1200±140)ml in control group,blood transfusion was(400±128)ml in the hypotensive groups.Conclusion Deliberated hypotension combined with acute simple hemodilution can significantly decrease the intraoperative blood loss and the SSP operation can be better tolerated for the indicated patients.

Leptin,the product of the obese gene,is a 16kDa secreted protein produced by white adipocytes.Because of its dual nature as a hormone and cytokine,leptin plays a role in regulating energy metabolism,inflam-marion,immune response,neuroendocrine and angiogenesis,and so on.The review focuses on the research and controversy of leptin's effect in osteoarthritis.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with the second highest incidence and mortality in the world, and China is one of the countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer in the world. Research on the regulation of cell cycle protein can provide effective evidence for the mechanism of tumor and gene therapy.G1/S phase is the key point for cell cycle regulation,Cyclin D1 and CDK4 gene and P16 play important roles in this phase and have great correlation with gastric cancer,but the exact relationship between these genes and gastric cancer is still unclear. In order to better understand the expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 gene and P16 in gastric cancer, the related researches in recent years were summarized in this paper.

The immunoregulatory effects of mescenchymal stem cell (MSC) and its application have become a focused research topic in recent years. This article reviews the up-to-date research advances in the features and mechanisms of immune regulation of MSC and its application.

miRNA is a kind of small,endogenous noncoding RNA which regulates gene expression in post-transcription level and is highly conserved and tissue-specificity,miRNA generally participates the regulation of many complicated vital process,such as cell growth,development and also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many kinds of tumors,miR-34b is a newly discovered miRNA,which is regulated by p53,promoter methylation and so on.miR-34b can regulate cellular proliferation and apoptosis,and also involves in the generation and regulation of tumor,which suggests wide application prospect in therapy and prognosis of tumor.This review will focus on the progress of miR-34b and its relationship with tumor.

Objective To explore the strategies for nursing the ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients with fractures of thoracolumbar vertebra combined with kyphotic deformity treated with osteotomy and internal fixation.Method The nursing histories of 8 AS patients with fractures of thoracolumbar vertebra combined with kyphotic deformity treated with osteotomy and internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed to summarize the nursing strategies.Result All the 8 patients lived through the perioperative periods, with kyphotic derformity corrected and no complications like pulmonary or urinary system infections.Conclusion Pertinent care and effective special instructions to the patients may be clinically effective in improvement of heal rates of fractures of thoracolumbar vertebra combined with kyphotic deformity,reduction of complications and facilitation of their rehabilitation.

Intrinsic or acquired chemo-resistance is the main reason for chemotherapy failure, and thus finding ways to reverse chemo-resistance has become an interesting topic for research. Studies have revealed that immunomodulatory molecules are involved in cancer chemo-resistance. Hence, interventions that target immunomodulatory molecules to reverse chemo-resistance have attracted a great deal of concern from domestic and foreign scholars. Immunomodulatory molecules, such as PD-L1, B7-H3, HMGB1, TRAIL, MyD88, and Cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-6), have been proven to take part in regulating immune function and tumor drug-resistance characteristics, thereby providing new ideas to the reversal of tumor chemo-resistance. This artide reviews the progression of immuno-modulatory molecules with the change in cancer chemotherapy sensitivity to provide a theoretical basis for the application of new thera-peutic regimen of bio-chemotherapy.