This study was carried out to determine the effects of mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on physical work capacity (PWC) of 7-year-old children in Beijing. Ninety-three mild IDA children and thirty-seven well-to-do children served as volunteer subjects. Finger blood samples were obtained for Hb, FEP, FEP/Hb, SF determination; PWC data were assessed by measuring PWC 170, R.PWC170, Workload Heart Rates (W.HR), estimated Vo2max before, in the middle, and after treatment, respectively. After the mild IDA children were cured with iron supplement (300mg ferrous sulfate per day) for 60 days, their values of Hb, FEP, FEP/Hb, SF changed significantly from original 10.5g/dl, 41.8ng/dl, 4.6?g/g, 13.2ng/ml to 12.5g/dl, 24.1?g/dl, 2.0?g/g, 75.7ng/ml respectively (P

The amounts of iron and amino acids in dried pig powder were determined. It contained a large quantity of iron (230-260m/100g) and all essential amino acids. The blood fortified wheat flour biscuit containing 15mg Fe/100g was made and 30?2g of the biscuit was given to 65 primary school students (age 8-10) per capita per day during school day break for 40 days from Sep to Oct in 1984. For the control group, equal amount of the same biscuit without blood fortification was given to 34 subjects of the same age. Finger blood was taken for determination of hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC count and serum ferritin before and after the experiment.there were significant differences (P

Objective To investigate the role of recombinant human interleukin 6 (rhlL-6) in calcification and osteogenic transition of cultured human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMC), and the possible cell signal transduction way. Methods HUASMCs were isolated by the explant method. HUASMCs were treated with (treatment groups) or without (control group) rhIL-6. Alizarin Red S stain was applied for calcium deposition in extracellular matrix of control ceils and the cells treated with rhIL-6 50 μg/L at day 12. Calcium concentration in cell layer of control group and treatment group (treated with rhIL-6 10 μg/L and 50 μg/L, respectively) was determined calorimetrically by the o-cresolphthalein complexone method at day 3, 6, 9 and 12, and corrected by total cell proteins. The mRNA expressions of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteopontin (OPN), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were estimated by real-time PCR in 12, 24 and 72 hours. OPN, BMP2 and OPG expressions were assessed by Western blotting and the BAP concentration at the same time was checked by fluorometry method . Electrophoretie mobility shift assays (EMSA) was used to detect the binding activity of transcription factor Cbfα1 with or without inhibitors of p38-MAPK (SB203580) and PKC (DHC) after 6 hours stimulation by rhIL-6 10 μg/L. Results rhIL-6 induced a positive Alizarin Red S stain and a time-dose-dependent increasing of cell layer calcium deposition.Compared with control group, rhIL-6 10 μg/L enhanced gene expression and protein levels of BAP and BMP2 at the early time (12 and 24 hours), and of OPN and OPG at later hours (24 and 72 hours). RhIL-6 still induced an increasing of binding activity of Cbfα1, which could be partially blocked by DHC but not SB203580. Conclusions rhIL-6 induces HUASMCs calcification and osteogenie transition in vitro, which may be one of the mechanism involved in IL-6 associated vascular calcification as observed in clinical studies. The role of IL-6 in HUASMCs may partially achieved through the PKC cell signal transduction way.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of twice-weekly hemodialysis patients.Methods Data were collected from Shanghai Renal Registry.A total of 1288 patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) with dialysis adequacy index and other biochemical parameters in Shanghai in January 2007 were enrolled into the cohort study with 2 years follow-up.Clinical characteristics and outcome of twice-weekly HD patients were analyzed as compared with thrice-weekly HD patients.Results Compared with patients on thrice-weekly HD,the twice-weekly HD patients were significantly younger and had significantly shorter HD vintage,smaller body surface area,longer HD session time,higher single-pool Kt/V (spKt/V) and serum albumin but lower weekly Kt/V (P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in ultrafiltration volume between two groups.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that both groups had similar two-year survival.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age,body mass index,serum albumin and weekly Kt/V were predictors of patient mortality.Conclusion It is acceptable for some hemodialys patients with twice-weekly HD,and close monitor of dialysis adequacy and volume status is necessary for this therapy model.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of angiopoietin receptor Tie-2 in the renal tissue of diabetic rats and the effects of Astragalus. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, diabetes group and Astragalus-treated group. The expression of receptor Tie-2 in the renal tissue was assessed by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Glomerule Tie-2 protein expression was significantly elevated in the diabetes group as compared with the normal control group (P<0.01). Glomerule Tie-2 protein expression in the Astragalus-treated group was decreased as compared with the diabetes group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Tie-2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the early stage diabetic renal injury. The reno-protection effect of Astragalus may be mediated by down-regulating the expression of Tie-2 in the kidney tissue of diabetic rats.

Extubation during the recovery period of general anesthesia patients often causes hemodynamic fluctuations and increases myocardial oxygen consumption, which is easy to cause myocardial hypoxia, ischemia and cardiovascular complications. Especially for patients with hypertension, hemodynamic fluctuation is more obvious, and the risk of anesthesia is greater. The timing of tracheal catheter extubation is one of the key factors affecting cardiovascular reactions and related complications. This paper reported the data of 35 patients with hypertension who underwent general anesthesia from May. 2020 to Jun. 2021 in Wuhu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and analyzed the technical advantages of tracheal catheter removal before consciousness recovery under general anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the incidence, risk factors and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgeries. Methods Clinical data of 1056 patients undergoing open heart surgery in Renji Hospital from January 2004 to June 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate possible pre-,intra-, and post-operative parameters associated with AKI according to AKI Network (AKIN). Results Of the 1056 patients, 328 (31.06%) developed AKI. In-hospital mortality was 4.07% in all discharges while 11.59% in AKI patients (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased age (OR=1.40), pre-operative hyperurieemia (OR=1.97), pre-operative left ventricular insufficiency (OR=2.53), combined surgery (OR=2.79), prolonged operation time (OR=1.43), post-operative circulation volume insufficiency (OR=11.08) were risk factors of AKI. Conclusions AKI is a common complication and associated with increased mortality following cardiac surgery. Increased age, pre-operative hyperuricemia, pre-operative left ventricular insufficiency, combined surgery, prolonged operation time, post-operative circulation volume insufficiency are useful in stratifying risk factors for the development of AKI.

Objective To investigate the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) in murine podocytes.Methods Conditional immortalized podocytes were used in the research.RT-PCR was used to estimate the mRNA expression.Western blotting,immunofluorescence staining and immunoelectron microscopy were employed to determine the protein production.EIA,EMSA and Western blotting were used to examine the cAMP generation and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation.Intracellular calcium was investigated using confocal microscopy.Results mGluR1 and 5 mRNA and protein were expressed in murine brain and podocytes.In glomeruli,most of mGluR1 expression located in podocytes and was expressed in the submembrane space of the podocytes.Podocytes treated with (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG,an agonist for mGluR1/5) rapidly generated cAMP and activated CREB.(RS)-1-Aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid (AIDA,a selective antagonist of mGluR1/5) and SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor),but not 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB an antagonist of canonical transient receptor potential) blocked DHPG-induced cAMP generation and CREB activation.Following DHPG treatment,intracellular calcium level rose and was prevented by pre-treatment with AIDA and 2-APB.DHPG-induced calcium influx was also prevented by incubation with calcium-free medium.Conclusion Podocytes express functional mGluR1 and mGluR5.

Objective To clarify the association between non-dipping circadian blood pressure (BP) rhythm and left ventrieular hypertrophy (LVH) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods A total of 257 CKD patients of stage 1 to 5 were enrolled in the study. The parameters of BP and circadian rhythm were measured by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and the cardiac structure was examined by echocardiography. The association between circadian BP rhythm and echocardiographic parameters was studied. Results The prevalence of abnormal circadian BP rhythm (non-dipping rhythm) was quite high (75.4%) in CKD patients and increased with the deterioration of renal function. Even if in the normal BP group, the prevalence of non-dipping rhythm was 71.3%. The change of cardiac structure such as LVH in non-dipping patients was more obvious than the dipping patients. The left ventrieular mass index (LVMI) was positively correlated with BP, non-dipping rhythm. Multiple regression analysis showed that 24 h-SBP (β=0.417, P<0.01), triglyceride (TG) (β=-0.132, P=O.007), Hb (β=-0.394, P=0.016) and gender(β=0.158, P=0.039) were independent risk factors of LVMI. Conclusions The prevalence of non-dipping rhythm is quite high in CKD patients and increases with the deterioration of renal function. The change of cardiac structure such as LVH is obvious in CKD patients, especially in non-dipping group. The non-dipping rhythm is related with LVMI.

Objective To investigate the effect of high glucose on the expression of liver X receptors (LXRs) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in human macrophages (THP-1 cell line). Methods THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into macrophages by induction of phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PMA). Surface markers of macrophages were identified by CD68 immunohistochemistry. The macrophages were cultured with different concentration (5.6, 11.1, 22.2 and 33.3 mmol/L) of glucose and different time (0, 0.5, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h). Real time PCR and Western blotting methods were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression of LXRs and ABCA1. Results As compared to 5.6 mmol/L glucose, macrophage LXRβ and ABCA1 were decreased significantly at both mRNA and protein levels in dose-and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion Hyperglycemia may play a role in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis through the inhibition of LXRs and ABCA1 expression in diabetic patients.