Objective To analyze adherence to short message service (SMS) based obesity intervention in overweight and obesity adults in Beijing.Methods Sixty-three participants received a 24-week (3 stages) SMS obesity intervention,and were then required to answer questions about their performance of 3 individualized weight loss goals daily via SMS.Three group sessions and monthly coaching call were also conducted.Adherence was graded according to the SMS reply rate and goal score.Logistic regression analysis was computed to analyze the influence factors of adherence.Results Among 55 intervention completes,the rate of loss to follow-up was 12.7％.Adherences of 55 participants were ranked as 3 levels:high level (SMS reply rate 5-7 d/wk and score ＞ 9) 56.4％,middle level 36.3％ and low level 7.3％.Association between body mass index (BMI) change and adherence was statistically significant (r =-0.241,P =0.026),similar to relationship between waist circumference (WC) change and adherence (r =-0.303,P =0.005).At 24-week,BMI and WC of the high level group were reduced by 2.26％ and 3.80％,respectively,and the changes were statistically different among 3 groups (BMI:F =3.659,P =0.033 ; WC:F =4.699,P =0.013).Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (odds ratio (OR) =1.108,95％ CI:0.997-1.231),obesity (OR =12.974,95％ CI:1.245-135.195),more suitable goals(OR =1.451,95％ CI:0.974-2.162),weight lost early (OR =10.982,95％ CI:1.608-75.007),usually replied SMS in the morning (OR =6.725,95％ CI:1.098-41.201)were favorable factors of adherence.High expectation to weight loss (OR =0.055,95％ CI:0.005-0.626)was the negative factor of adherence.Conclusions SMS is a promising tool to promote self-monitoring adherence for Chinese overweight and obesity adults,and good adherence indicates more weight loss.Many factors could influence SMS adherence,and more strong evidence on adherence to SMS-based obesity intervention are desired.