Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) with renal vein, inferior vena cava (IVC), and right atrial embolism is a rare solid tumor, whose etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Moreover, it is often misdiagnosed. One patient with renal AML complicated with renal vein, IVC, and right atrial embolism was admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, who was a 35-year-old female, without any previous medical history, presented with right low back pain for more than 3 years. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed irregular lobulated fatty density mass in the right kidney, renal vein, IVC, and right atrium. The contrast-enhanced scan showed no enhancement of fat components at each phase and mild enhancement of solid components. Radical resection of the right kidney and removal of tumor thrombus were performed, and there was no recurrence 1 year after the operation. It is rare for renal AML to grow along the renal vein, IVC, and extend to the right atrium. Imaging examination is extremely important, and the CT findings of this case are characteristic, but the diagnosis eventually depends on pathological and immunohistochemical examinations.
Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Vena Cava, Inferior/pathology* ; Angiomyolipoma/surgery* ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Kidney Neoplasms/surgery* ; Embolism/pathology* ; Heart Atria/diagnostic imaging* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology*

BACKGROUND: The complication rate of fungal disease is higher among patients with hematological malignancies. We investigated the clinicobacteriological outcomes of resected pulmonary fungal infections complicating hematological malignancies. METHODS: Between 2001 and 2017, 21 patients with pulmonary fungal infections complicating hematological malignancies underwent resection, and their clinical records and survival were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 47 years, and 13 were male. The histological diagnoses were pulmonary aspergillosis (19 cases), mucormycosis (1 case), and cryptococcosis (1 case). The indications for surgery were resistance to antifungal therapy and the necessity of surgery before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 13 and 8 cases, respectively. The diagnoses of the hematological malignancies were acute myelogenous leukemia (10 cases), acute lymphocytic leukemia (5 cases), myelodysplastic syndrome (3 cases), and chronic myelogenous leukemia, malignant lymphoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma (1 case each). The surgical procedures were partial resection (11 cases), segmentectomy (5 cases), lobectomy (4 cases), and cavernostomy (1 case). The size of the lesions was 0.9–8.5 cm. Fourteen cases had cavitation. There were no surgical-related deaths or fungal progression. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary fungal infections are resistant to treatments for hematological malignancies. Since the treatment of the underlying disease is extended and these infections often recur and are exacerbated, surgery should be considered when possible.
Cryptococcosis ; Diagnosis ; Hematologic Neoplasms* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Lung Diseases, Fungal* ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Mucormycosis ; Mycoses ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Plasmacytoma ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and significance of miR-125a and anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 in intestinal tissue after massive small bowel resection in intestinal adaptation.

METHODSSprague-Dawley rats (54 male rats, 8-week old) were divided into 3 groups randomly, including two control groups. Rats in the experiment group were subjected to 70% massive small bowel resection. Rats in the resection group underwent simple intestinal resection and anastomosis. Rats in the control group underwent laparotomy alone. A 5 cm intestine approximately 1 cm distal to the anastomosis was harvested a week after operation. Expression of Mcl-1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-125a in intestinal tissue.

RESULTSThe positive expression of Mcl-1 in the experiment group was 18.8%(3/16), significantly lower than that in the control group(76.5%, 13/17) and the resection group (83.33%, 15/18)(both P<0.01). The expression of miR-125a in the experiment group was 1.92, significantly higher than that in the control group (1.01) and the resection group (1.05)(both P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONmiR-125a and anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 may play an important role in intestinal adaptation process and they may regulate each other through a certain pathway.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; surgery ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Short Bowel Syndrome ; metabolism

Child, Preschool ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile ; surgery ; Male

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma/pathology/*radionuclide imaging/surgery ; Biopsy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colectomy ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology/*radionuclide imaging/surgery ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/*radionuclide imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/*radionuclide imaging ; *Positron-Emission Tomography ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Treatment Outcome

Acute Disease ; Adult ; CD56 Antigen ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications ; immunology ; surgery ; Recurrence ; Stem Cell Transplantation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and to analyze the possible prognostic factors.

METHODSThe clinical data of 20 children with CML who had received allo-HSCT was analyzed retrospectively to investigate possible prognostic factors, including age, sex, interval between diagnosis and transplantation, HLA matching between donors and recipients, illness status on transplantation and acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

RESULTSAt the end of follow-up, 13 of the 20 treated children had disease-free survival (DFS) and the rest (7 cases) died. Four died of severe acute GVHD, two of chronic GVHD and its complications, and one of relapse after transplantation. The three-year DFS was (64.6±1.1%). As shown by the univariate analysis, age was the most important prognostic factor in children with CML who had received allo-HSCT (P<0.05), and in children over 10 years, the prognosis was poor. No other of the above factors had a significant impact on prognosis (P>0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis also confirmed age as the only prognostic factor (P<0.01). Severe acute and/or chronic GVHD was the most important cause of patient death. 10/10 HLA-matched donors could improve the transplantation outcome.

CONCLUSIONSAllo-HSCT is an effective treatment for children with CML. To improve the prognosis and treatment outcome, children with CML aged over 10 years should receive allo-HSCT as early as possible. 10/10 HLA-matched donors are preferred in allo-HSCT and GVHD should be prevented.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; mortality ; surgery ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Homologous

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) comprise a rare population of cells that can regenerate and maintain lifelong blood cell production. This functionality is achieved through their ability to undergo many divisions without activating a poised, but latent, capacity for differentiation into multiple blood cell types. Throughout life, HSCs undergo sequential changes in several key properties. These affect mechanisms that regulate the self-renewal, turnover and differentiation of HSCs as well as the properties of the committed progenitors and terminally differentiated cells derived from them. Recent findings point to the Lin28b-let-7 pathway as a master regulator of many of these changes with important implications for the clinical use of HSCs for marrow rescue and gene therapy, as well as furthering our understanding of the different pathogenesis of childhood and adult-onset leukemia.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Lineage ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; HMGA2 Protein/genetics/metabolism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia/etiology/metabolism/surgery ; MicroRNAs/genetics/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases that represent serious complications following immunosuppressive therapy for solid organ or hematopoietic-cell recipients. In contrast to B-cell PTLD, T-cell PTLD is less frequent and is not usually associated with Epstein Barr Virus infection. Moreover, to our knowledge, isolated T-cell PTLD involving the breast is extremely rare and this condition has never been reported previously in the literature. Herein, we report a rare case of isolated T-cell PTLD of the breast that occurred after a patient had been treated for allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation due to acute myeloblastic leukemia.
Allografts ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/*etiology/immunology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/surgery ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/*etiology/pathology/ultrasonography ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation/*adverse effects ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/pathology ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Ultrasonography, Mammary/*methods ; Young Adult

CD4 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; pathology ; Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; pathology ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery