1.Validation of Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS) in a sample of Iranian population
Mohammad Hossein Kaveh ; Jeyran Ostovarfar ; Sareh Keshavarzi ; Leila Ghahremani
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2016;23(4):46-53
The individual’s perception of health, when health is understood to include many
dimensions of life, is considered the basis for any improvement in health status. Therefore, the
present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Perceived
Wellness Scale (PWS) by applying it to employees of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
This cross-sectional study was conducted with 180 staff members of the university selected by
convenience sampling. The study instrument was a Persian version of the PWS prepared through
a translation and back-translation process. The reliability and validity of the instrument were
assessed by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. A total
of 180 employees participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 32.29 years
(SD = 7.39) and 78.1% of the participants were women. The results showed that the Persian
version of the PWS is acceptable. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.87 for the whole scale,
ranging from 0.68 to 0.85 on different dimensions of the scale. The results of split-half reliability
and CFA indicated that the reliability and validity of the PWS are acceptable. The PWS is therefore
an effective tool for evaluating the different dimensions of perceived wellness in the Iranian
population.
2.Hand Hygiene Compliance Barriers and Facilitators in Iranian Nurses: A Qualitative Study
Mohammad Hossein Kaveh ; Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi ; Leila Ghahremani ; Mahin Nazari ; Seyed Aliakbar Faghihi
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2022;18(No.1):44-51
Introduction: Hand hygiene plays a huge role in removing hospital infections. The aim of this study was to explore
the nurses’ viewpoints about the factors affecting hand hygiene compliance. Methods: In this qualitative content
analysis study, the data were collected through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with 15 nurses.
Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analyses were conducted using Lundman and
Graneheim’s method. Results: Six themes were identified, including the facilitator and barriers to compliance with
hand hygiene on personal, interpersonal, and organizational levels. One theme was personal facilitator, with categories of facilitating the cognition and adherence to values. Personal barriers included cognitive obstacles, attitudinal
barriers, and physical barriers. The interpersonal facilitators included supportive social climate and appropriate
culture building. The interpersonal barriers involved inappropriate culture building and being under pressure. The
organizational facilitators were strong leadership style, good managerial support, and competent staff evaluation; the
last theme was organizational barriers with categories of poor leadership style, ineffective staff development, inconsistency in organizational policy, and incompetent staff evaluation. Conclusion: This study adopted an integrated
approach to examining the factors affecting the nurses’ hand hygiene compliance. It is recommended that future
interventions should consider the differences at individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels and developed
a tailoring approach.