National standards on food contact materials are an important part of national food safety standards in China.New standards system on food contact materials in China has been established through food standards clean-up,integration and other works.In this paper,the framework of the new standard system on food contact materials is summarized.The major changes of the new standard system are compared to the old one.The challenges confronted by the industries and the problems in the new standard system are scientifically analyzed.The suggestions for future work are proposed.

Objective To analyze the application value of central region cervical lymph nodes dissection in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with clinically node-negative sides of neck stage.Methods Clinical data of 72 PTMC patients with clinically node-negative sides of neck stage were collected,and they were underwent total thyroidectomy,isthmic portion excision and contralateral lobus glandularis excision and neck dissection.A long term follow-up was made.Results Twenty-four patients were found central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis while other 48 patients were not found central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis.Followed up for 1.5-4.5 (3.4 ± 1.1) years,4 patients were found recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and recovered within 4 months.Four patients were found central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis after operation the 3rd years.Conclusions There is a tendency for PTMC patients with clinically node-negative sides of neck stage to occur central region cervical lymph nodes metastasis,it's necessary to perform prophylactic central region dissection.It can decrease the complications and improve the prognosis.

Objective To observe the efficacy of bioelectric stimulation of the pelvic floor combined with acupuncture in treating detrusor urine weakness after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with prostate hyperplasia.Methods Forty-seven cases with detrusor urine weakness after TURP were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.All of the patients received routine bladder function training and medication.In addition,patients in the experimental group were treated with bioelectric stimulation of the pelvic floor and with acupuncture.The differences between the two groups were compared using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS),maximum urine flow rate (MFR),average flow rate (AFR),detrusor pressure at peak flow (PdetQmax) and residual urine volume in the bladder.Results No significant difference was found between the two groups before treatment,but at two weeks after treatment MFR,AFR and PdetQmax were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group,and residual urine volume and IPSS were significantly lower.Conclusion Bioelectric stimulation of the pelvic floor combined with acupuncture is more effective than routine bladder function training and medication alone for alleviating detrusor urine weakness after TURP.

Carcinoma ; classification ; pathology ; Consensus ; Humans ; Thymoma ; classification ; pathology ; Thymus Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; World Health Organization

Objective:To study the effects of different Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load, induction chemotherapy+ radiotherapy and concurrent radiochemotherapy on patients with stage Ⅲ nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods:A total of 178 patients with stage Ⅲ NPC were selected as the study subjects in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the First People′s Hospital of Xianning of Hubei Province from January 2012 to March 2019, including 44 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. According to the pre-treatment EBV DNA load of 1 000 copies/ml, the patients were divided into high viral load group (EBV DNA≥1 000 copies/ml, n=53) and low viral load group (EBV DNA<1 000 copies/ml, n=125), and 14 patients in the high viral load group and 30 patients in the low viral load group received adjuvant chemotherapy. According to treatment method, the patients were divided into induction chemotherapy+ radiotherapy group ( n=105) and concurrent radiochemotherapy group ( n=73). The general clinical data, recurrence rate, 5-year overall survival (OS) rate, disease free survival (DFS) rate, local recurrence free survival (LRFS) rate and disease metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rate of each group were compared. Results:Among 178 patients with stage Ⅲ NPC, 34 cases recurred, accounting for 19.10%, and 29 cases died, accounting for 16.29%. There was a statistically significant difference in N staging between the induction chemotherapy+ radiotherapy group and the concurrent radiochemotherapy group ( χ2=6.40, P=0.01). The tumor recurrence rate in the high viral load group was 33.96% (18/53), and that in the low viral load group was 12.80% (16/125), and there was a statistically significant difference ( χ2=10.79, P<0.01). The recurrence rate of lymph nodes [(9.43% (5/53) vs. 1.60% (2/125), χ2=4.15, P=0.04], the distant metastasis rate [18.87% (10/53) vs. 5.60% (7/125), χ2=7.59, P=0.01] were significantly higher than those in the low viral load group, and there were statistically significant differences. The tumor recurrence rate of patients in the induction chemotherapy+ radiotherapy group was 17.14% (18/105), and that in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group was 21.91% (16/73), and there was no statistically significant difference ( χ2=0.63, P=0.43). The 5-year OS rate, DFS rate, LRFS rate and DMFS rate of 178 patients with stage Ⅲ NPC were 84.68%, 72.80%, 79.68% and 79.54%, respectively. The 5-year OS rate (79.25% vs. 92.80%, χ2=6.86, P<0.01), DFS rate (73.58% vs. 88.00%, χ2=5.67, P=0.01), LRFS rate (73.21% vs. 89.24%, χ2=8.32, P<0.01) and DMFS rate (65.24% vs. 78.00%, χ2=4.15, P=0.02) in the high viral load group were significantly lower than those in the low viral load group, and there were statistically significant differences. The 5-year OS rate (89.52% vs. 87.67%, χ2=0.15, P=0.70), DFS rate (84.76% vs. 82.19%, χ2=0.21, P=0.65), LRFS rate (80.38% vs. 79.84%, χ2=0.00, P=1.00) and DMFS rate (79.52% vs. 81.78%, χ2=0.05, P=0.83) in the induction chemotherapy+ radiotherapy group were not statistically significant compared with those in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group, and there were no statistically significant differences. The 5-year OS rate of 44 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (93.77% vs. 87.49%), and there was a statistically significant difference ( χ2=5.21, P=0.02). In the high viral load group, the 5-year OS rate of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (93.77% vs. 84.13%), and there was a statistically significant difference ( χ2=5.11, P=0.03). Conclusion:Induction chemotherapy+ radiotherapy can achieve the same therapeutic effect as concurrent radiochemotherapy. High viral load is associated with high recurrence rate and poor survival rate. For these patients with high viral load, treatment intensity needs to be strengthened.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and pseudoaccommodation in the early stage after AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and monofocal IOL implantation.Methods A total of 138 patients (158 eyes) with age-related cataract underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were chosen,73eyes of 60 patients with a multifocal IOL implantation as observation group and 85 eyes of 78 patients with monofocal IOL implantation as control group.The uncorrected visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity was evaluated at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months after operation,pseudoaccommodation and quality of life was evaluated at 3 months after operation.Results The patients of both observation group and control group were able to obtain a satisfactory distance vision at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months.The uncorrected intermediate visual acuity of observation group were 0.49 ± 0.19,0.72 ± 0.21,0.77 ±0.23,which of control group were 0.24 ± 0.21,0.27 ± 0.22,0.28 ± 0.24,there were statistical differences between two groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The uncorrected near visual acuity of observation group were 0.47 ± 0.20,0.70 ± 0.22,0.80 ± 0.24,which of control group were 0.21 ±0.23,0.23 ±0.19,0.26 ±0.18,there were statistical differences between two groups (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the uncorrected near visual acuity,best corrected distance,intermediate and near visual acuity between observation group and control group (all P ＞ 0.05).At 3 months,the distance and near pseudoaccommodation of observation group were (2.56 ± 0.82) D,(3.19 ±1.13)D,which of control group were (0.87 ±0.57)D,(1.03 ±0.59) D,there were statistical differences between two groups (all P ＜ 0.05).At 3 months,VF-14 scale score and wearing glasses as near score of observation group were 92.21 ±4.22,4.23 ±0.85,which of control group were 71.23 ± 3.96,2.01 ± 0.71,there were statistical differences between two groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens implantation can provide a higher level of visual acuity,pseudoaccommodation and satisfaction compared with monofocal intraocular lens.

Objective To evaluate the effect of progressive problem-based learning (PBL) in teach-ing of neurology and study its impact factors. Methods A total of 110 5-year undergraduate students were randomly divided into LBL and progressive PBL groups, with 55 students in each group. Both groups ac-cepted basic knowledge, clinical skills, case analysis and document retrieval teaching. Progressive PBL were given by three steps including introduction phase, transition phase and PBL stage. At the end of the internship, theoretical knowledg,practical skill scores and questionnaires were used to evaluate the effects of different teaching methods. Pearsonχ2 test was used to analyze the effects of gender, urban-rural character, mastery of relevant based knowledge and intra-group contribution on examination results of progressive PBL. Results Theoretical knowledge score of progressive PBL group was significantly lower than LBL group [(78.49 ±3.15) vs. (81.94 ±5.37), t=-4.11, P=0.000], while clinical skill score [(86.34 ±9.16) vs. (80.96±7.85), t=1.63, P=0.003] and clinical analysis score [(82.25±5.17) vs. (70.54±3.85), t=13.47, P=
0.000] of progressive PBL group were significantly higher than LBL group. Teaching satisfaction scales of learning interest ( χ2=7.21, P=0.007), self-learning ability ( χ2=6.70, P=0.010), knowledge use ability ( χ2=7.92, P=0.005), analytical thinking ability (χ2=4.36, P=0.037) and expression ability (χ2=9.17, P=0.003) in progressive PBL group were significantly higher than LBL group. Gender( χ2=0.0109,P=0.917) and urban-rural character (χ2=0.045, P=0.831) showed no significant impact on examination results of progressive PBL. While relevant based knowledge (χ2=6.82, P=0.009) and intra-group contribution (χ2=4.91, P=0.027) showed significant impact on examination results of progressive PBL. Conclusion Progressive PBL can improve the clinical skill and case analysis ability of students. Relevant based knowledge and intra-group contribution have significant impact on the effect of progressive PBL.

Thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy is a common endocrine disease,and the incidence is gradually increasing.And thyroid function changes during pregnancy which brings some difficulties to diagnose.It is necessary to further understand the corresponding changes of maternal thyroid hormone levels with the progress of pregnancy.Moreover,the thyroid function in pregnancy is directly related to the pregnancy outcome.If the disease is not well controlled,it will cause damage to both the mother and the fetus,all kinds of adverse pregnancy outcomes make it become the focus of clinical attention.Therefore,this article discusses the etiology of the thyrotoxicosis,thyroid function changes in the period of pregnancy as well as the impact on pregnancy outcomes,and also makes some suggestions of the diagnosis and the treatment of the disease.

Breast tumor is the most common malignant tumor in female,its incidence is increasing in recent years.With magnetic resonance equipment,image acquisition and processing technology is improved,perfusion imaging studies gradually become the focus of study.The author reviewed MRI perfusion imaging and its application in breast tumors.

OBJECTIVE To identify 134 fungus strains and to detect their drug susceptibility in order to instruct clinical treatment.METHODS The colored culture medium isolated fungus was identified by ID 32C.The resistance to antifungal agents,such as amphotericin B,fluconazole,itraconazole and voriconazole,was detected by ATB Fungus 3 automatic analysis system.RESULTS The isolation rate of C.albicans was the highest from 134 fungus strains,the next was C.tropicalis,the non-C.albicans infection assumed an escalation trend.From the result of drug susceptibility of 134 fungus strains,the susceptibilities to amphotricin B,voriconazole and 5-fluorocystine were the highest,the lowest to fluconazole.CONCLUSIONS As a result of the widespread application of hormons,the immunity inhibitors and the antibiotics,the change of fungal infection is increased,It is necessary to make the fungus identification and the drug sensitive experiment in order to instruct correct clinical uses of the antifungal agents.