Through the exertion of the PBL in the teaching of the medical college,the teachers exert the effect in bringing forward questions,grouping,discussion and competition.After the practice of PBL,some new methods have been put forward.

A new teaching model for food fermentation technology education is proposed in this paper,aiming at improving some of the drawbacks of the traditional teaching method. Some novel approaches,such as summarization,comparison,discussion,as well as bi-lingual lecturing and multi-media assisted teaching,are introduced to inspire students’ passion for learning. Meanwhile,arranging students as dedicated class speaker and organizing students to participate in the exploring experiments also reflect the technology major education characteristics of normal university.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; Snoring ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the risk factors and the characteristic patterns of development changes of macrosomia.Methods 208 cases of macrosoroia were collected.Then the risk factors related to macrosomia by use of Logistic regression analysis were researched.208 infants of normal birth weight were selected as control group.The weight and length in 8 growth development monitoring time according to their health care manual were recorded.Mental development index(MDI)and physical development index(PDI)were tested and calculated by CDCC method when macrosomia and normal birth weight infants were 30 months.The characteristic patterns of development changes of macrosomia wre analyzed statistically.Results The risk factors of macrosomia contain age and height of the pregnant women,weight before pregnancy,weight increasing during pregnancy,nutriture,physical activity,family history of obesity and father's weight.Macrosomia was weighter than normal birth weight infants in the 8 growth development monitoring time and was longer than normal birth weight infants from 3 to 30 months(P ＜0.05).However,the length of macrosomia was not significantly different with that of control group when they were 36 months(P ＞ 0.05).MDI and PDI in macrosomia group were(107.33 ± 7.29)and(104.71 ± 6.93)respectively.MDI and PDI of normal birth weight infants group were(112.58 ± 7.61)and(109.09 ± 7.14)respectively.The differences were statistically significant(t =4.28,5.33;both P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion There were several risk factors for macrosomia such as environment and heredity.At the period of infants and young children,macrosomia were weighter than normal birth weight infants.The mental development and psycho-moter development of macrosomia were behind normal birth weight infants.

Impaired glucose tolerance is the prediabetic state of diabetes mellitus,and its main manifestation is postprandial hyperglycemia.Studies in recent years have suggested that the large vascular disease of the impaired glucose tolerance state is similar to diabetes mellitus.The relationship between impaired glucose tolerance and atherosclerotic disease is increasingly receiving attention.This article reviews the relationship between both of them.

ObjectiveTo explore the application value and techniques of vaginal hysterectomy of non-prolapsed uterus lesion in primary hospital. Methods140 cases who suffered from uterine fibroid without adhesion,glandular fibroids,functional bleeding without uterine prolapse and malignant disease were selected and divided into observation group(80 cases with vaginal hysterectomy)and control group(60 cases with routine abdominal hysterectomy).Then the clinical treatment effect was analyzed. ResultsCompared with control group,peri-operative bleeding (150 ±23)ml vs(243 ±41)ml,operation time(65 ± 14.0)min vs(90 ± 27.0)min,body temperature recovery time (3 ±0.5)d vs(4 ±0.8)d,anus exhaust time(14 ± 1.8)h vs(26 ±2.7)h,the length of time(5 ±0.8)d vs(11 ±2.9)d in observation group were all reduced,differences were significant(all P＜0.01)and no case was transferred to opening appendectomy. ConclusionFor these disease including uterine fibroids with no adhesion,glandular fibroid uterine bleeding,the vaginal hysterectomy was safe and feasible,and had the advantage of smaller trauma,less bleeding,shorter hospitalization time,faster recovery etc.It was worthy to be popularized in primary hospital.

BACKGROUND: In vivo animal experiments have found that magnesium al oy stents can be completely degraded in a slow, orderly and non-toxic manner fol owing the vascular remodeling. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the applied effect and biocompatibility of a new type of magnesium al oy stent in blood vessels. METHODS: Forty-two crossbreed dogs were implanted with absorbable magnesium al oy stents via the coronary artery or left femoral artery. At days 1, 3, 5 and weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 after implantation, coronary or femoral artery angiography, inflammatory factor detection and morphological analysis targeting intimal hyperplasia were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 1 day after implantation, the stents had the complete shape and were ful y extended; at 3 days after implantation, the stents were degraded partial y; at 1 week after implantation, the stents were degraded completely. Within 1-3 weeks after implantation, the levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 continued to decrease. At 2 and 3 weeks after implantation, the target vessels presented with mild intimal hyperplasia. As time went on, the hyperplasia area increased gradual y, and the percentage of intimal hyperplasia increased gradual y. Blood magnesium concentration remained unchanged before and after stent implantation. The results show that the new absorbable magnesium al oy stent can be completely degraded within 1 week after stent implantation and has good biocompatibility.

Depression in modern medicine belongs to the depression syndrome in TCM. As early as the pre-Qin period, the ancient doctors recognized depression syndrome as a kind of disease associated with the function of visceral organs or emotional stimulation, which showed mood disorders and a variety of physical symptoms. The doctors in the past dynasties had explored different kinds of non-medicine therapies except for general medicine therapies, such as acupuncture and moxibustion, tuina, music and emotional therapy etc., which had obtained definite therapeutic effects. This article reviewed the non-medicine therapies for depression syndrome in ancient literatures and modern clinical researches, in order to provide some references for the treatment of depression.

This study was aimed to investigate the functions and indications ofRehmannia glutinosa from old herbalism documents. The database management system ofPu-Ji-Fang was used to summarize the whole function, which was compared with theChinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition. The results showed that besides the same function,R. glutinosa was also widely used in the treatment of various heat syndromes, deficiency, sore ulcer, traumatism, irregular menstruation, arthralgia, blood stasis, apoplexia, cough, restlessness, and etc. With modern studies on pharmacodynamics and clinical applications, potential functions ofR. glutinosa were primarily conformed as clearing heat-fire (clearing heat-toxin), tonifying, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, soothing nerves, calming liver to extinguish wind, and removing wind-damp syndromes.

Objective To set up a method to detect the mutation of CYP2C9 1075A ＞ C and VKORC1-1639 G ＞ A in clinical practice,investigate the distribution of CYP2C9 1075A ＞ C and VKORC1-1639 G ＞ A in Beijing Han native,and evaluate the correlations between CYP2C9 1075A ＞ C,VKORC1-1639 G ＞ A and Warfarin maintenance dose,so that the results will contribute to Warfarin therapy.Methods A total of 145 Han Beijing patients received long-term Warfarin anticoagulant therapy orally in the people's hospital between May to September in 2011 were enrolled in this study.The patients suffer from atrial fibrilation,thromboembolism and heart operation respectively.The ARMS-TaqMan real time PCR technique was used to detect the mutation of CYP2C9 1075A ＞ C and VKORC1-1639 G ＞ A.The data were collected on gender,age and BSA.The correlations between stable warfarin dosage and each factor were analysised.Results The detection limit of ARMS-TaqMan real time PCR technique was 105 copies/ml in this assay.The intra-and inter-coefficients of variations (CV) were less than 5.5％ and less than 9.0％ respectively.The coincidence rate of ARMS-TaqMan real time PCR and direct sequencing was 100％ for testing 50 paralled samples.Among the 145 patients,the frequencies of CYP2C9 1075 AA,AC and CC was 93.8％ (136/145),6.2％ (9/145),0(0/145) respectively.The frequencies of VKORC1-1639 GG,GA and AA was 0.7 ％ (1/145),21.4％ (31/145),77.9％ (113/145) respectively.Allele frequencies of genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Every patients' INR was within range 2.0-3.0.Among the 145 patients,dosage requirements were higher in CYP2C9 1075 AA phenotype than that in AC type (F =0.199,P ＜0.05) and were higher in VKORC1-1639 GA phenotype than that in AA type (F=1.745,P ＜0.001).Irrespective of other factors,age,BSA,CYP2C9 1075 and VKORC1-1639 was accounted for 11.9％,12.9％,4.4％ and 16.7％ of interindividual variation of Warfarin dosage respectively.Linear stepwise regression analysis was used to identify factors contributing to Warfarin stable does.The final equation accounted for 40.4％ of interindividual variation of Warfarin dose.Conclusions The ARMS-TaqMan real time PCR technique was established to analyse CYP2C9 1075 and VKORCl-1639 genotype.The technique can achieve the needs of clinical practice.Warfarin dosing by multivariable regression equation in patients could increase efficiency for Warfarin dose adjustment,and could give suggestion for the individualization and rationalization for Warfarin dose.