Objective To retrospec the efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on treatment of urinary tract stones in solitary kidney.Methods From June 2008 to April 2011,percutaneous nephrolithotomy technique was used to treat 20 cases of urinary tract stones,with kidney stone or cast form staghorn calculi in 4 cases,single pelvis,calyceal stones 10 cases,6 cases of upper ureteral calculi;Fourteen cases used the standard channel F24;6 cases used F16 Micro Channel.Among the 20 patients,16 cases performed stage Ⅰ single channel surgery;2 cases performed dual-channel surgery in Ⅰ stage;2 patients with severe infection performed stage Ⅱ single channel surgery.Results The average duration of the operation was 66mins.The stone clearance rate was 88.36％ on average(18/20),without laceration or bleeding of pelvis or renal calyces mucosa or any other complications.Postoperative indwelling nephrostomy tubes were removed 6 -7 days later,without complications found during the follow-up period.For the 6 cases with preoperative renal dysfunction before surgery,the levels of blood Cr decreased at 2 weeks after surgery.Conclusion Compared to open surgery,percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective with small wound in treatment of solitary kidney with invasive upper urinary tract calculi.

Objective To investigate the causes of postoperative severe infection and other complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy,and to study the principles of prevention and treatment.Methods Five hundred and sixty three cases of patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from September 2008 to December 2011 in our hospital,after operation,22 patients were found with serious infection.Data of these 22 cases were analyzed retrospectively according to the causes of the infection,corresponding prevention and treatment.Results The occurrence rate of severe postoperative infection was 3.9％ ( 22/563 ) in this group.The condition of 21 patients improved through adjusting antibiotics and taking other necessary measures in time;the condition of 1 case of septic shock patient was under control by giving anti-infective and anti-shock treatment measures.Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgery,with a certain incidence of postoperative infection which should be timely and effectively controlled.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Cardiotonic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Diuretics ; therapeutic use ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Heart Transplantation ; methods ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate possible mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic nigral neurons apoptosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its protective effect.Methods C57BL/6N mice were administrated with 1-Methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyri-dine (MPTP) to produce chronic PD model,PD mice were observed in behavioral changes.The expression levels of caspase-3 and TH in ventral midbrain were studied with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Apoptotic cell numbers were determined by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).Results In group treated with Ginsenoside Rg1,the number of TH-positive neurons in SN was only decreased by 31% as compared with the control group (55%)(P<0.01),the expression of caspase-3 was apparently decreased and major expressed in the cytosol of nigral neurons and TUNEL positive cells in SN decreased (P<0.01).Conclusion The neuroprotective effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic nigral neurons apoptosis of the mice model of Parkinson's disease induced by MPTP is significant,Decreased expression of Caspase-3 may be the major mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 for antiapoptosis.

Objective To establish a TLC identification method for Erhuang Capsule and to provide basis for the establishment of its quality standard.Methods TLC method was adopted.Results Nine kinds of medicinal materials such as Radix Rehmanniae,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,Rhizoma Gastrodiae had discriminating characteristics and distinctive spots.Conclusion TLC is a simple,reliable and specific method with good reproducibility,and can be used for the quality control of Erhuang Capsule.

Aim To investigate whether liver X recep- tors attenuate high glucose-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cells through inhibiting nuclear factor-NF-κB.Methods The lentiviral vector of LXRs was constructed and H9C2 cells cultured in high glucose were infected.The H9C2 cells were divided into 6 groups:control group (5.5 mmol·L -1 glucose),mannitol group(5.5 mmol ·L -1 glucose +27.5 mmol·L -1 mannitol),high glu-cose group(33 mmol·L -1 glucose),green fluorescent protein(GFP)group LXRαgroup,and LXRβgroup. The inhibition rate of H9C2 cells,the mRNA of Bax, Bcl-2,the protein content of NF-κB,Bax,Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3,and the cell apoptosis were com-pared among these groups.Results LXRs overexpres-sion significantly attenuated high glucose-induced in-crease in Bax NF-κB,cleaved caspase-3 and cell ap-optosis(P <0.05),and increased high glucose-induced decrease in Bcl-2.Conclusion Liver X receptors at-tenuate high glucose-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cells through NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of intrarectal application of indomethacin on hyperamylasemia and acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) .Methods 180 patients who underwent ERCP were randomly divided into the indomethacin group, somatostatin group and control group.The serum amylase levels were measured before ERCP, 3 and 24 hours after the drug application.The incidences of post-ERCP hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis were observed.Results Serum amylase levels before and 3h after ERCP of three groups had no differences.The serm amylase levels of control group 24 h after ERCP (228.50 ±121.72) U/L was significantly higher than that of indomethacin group (94.09 ±68.45) U/L (P <0.01) and somatostatin group (76.53 ±74.47) U/L (P <0.05), while there was no difference between indomethacin group and somatostatin group.Compared with before ERCP, the serum amylase levels significantly increased in both control group 3 and 24h after ERCP (P <0.01), as well as in both indomethacin group and somatostatin group 3h after ERCP (P <0.05), but there were no apparent differences between pre-ERCP and 24 h after ERCP in both indomethacin group and somatostatin group.The incidences of post-ERCP hyperamylasemia in both indomethacin group and somatostatin group ( 10.00%, 11.67%) respectively was much lower than that in control groups (35.00%, P<0.01).The incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis in indomethacin group (3.33%) was also lower than that in control group (15.00%, P<0.05), whlie there was no difference between indomethacin group and somatostatin group (5.00%).Conclusion The intrarectal application of indomethacin can effectively prevent acute pancreatitis after ERCP, which has the same effect as intravenous application of somatostatin.It is also convenient, economic and safe.

Objective To investigate the effect of tourniquet compression on axonal transport in sciatic nerve of rats.Methods Twenty-four 12-week old male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 4groups according to the duration of tourniquet compression(n=6 each):1,2,4 and 12 h.The tourniquet was applied to the middle 1/3 of thigh.In each animal whether the left or right thigh was compressed was determined by a flip of coin.The tourniquet was released for 10 min after every hour of compression.A 3-cm segment of sciatic nerve was removed at the end of tourniquet compression(1.5 cm proximal and 1.5 cm distal to the site of compression).Immuno-histochemistry was used to measure the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)in the sciatic nerve.The ratio of average optic density of the compressed sciatic nerve to that of control was used to estimate the degree of IGF-1 accumulation.The regression equation of the interaction between the duration of compression and accumulation of IGF-1 was analyzed.Results There was significant accumulation of IGF-1 in the sciatic nerve proximal to the compressed site.The accumulation increased with the duration of compression.There was no significant accumulation of IGF-1 in the sciatic nerve distal to the compressed site.The regression equation of the interaction between the duration of compression(X)and accumulation of IGF-1(Y)was Y=0.422X+0.887.Conclusion Tourniquet compression of sciatic nerve can inhibit axonal transport.The accumulation increases with the duration of compression.

A 66-year-old man was admitted for a 7-day history of painful blisters and erosions in the upper lip.Real-time PCR with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-specific primers showed that the blister fluid and crusts were positive for HSV-1,but negative for HSV-2.Observation of the blister wall with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed 3 types of nucleocapsid in the karyoplast of epithelia cells,including the electron-translucent core,granular core and electron-dense core.Numerous matured viral particles with envelope were found in the cytoplasm,which were identified as HSV.The diagnosis was made as herpes simplex in the upper lip based on the above findings.PCR based molecular typing combined with observation of HSV particles via TEM may be an effective approach to the definite diagnosis of primary herpes simplex.