Objective:To probe the effect of Alisol Monoacetate A and Alisol Monoacetate B on the synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol in HepG2 cell line.Methods:Controlled with Lipitor,different concentration of Alisol Monoacetate A and B were added to HepG2 cell line model,then collected and detected the contents of cholesterol in the cell lysate and cultured medium after 24h's cultivation.Results:The cytotoxicity of Alisol Monoacetate A and B appeared at least 10% when its concentration was higher than 10?M,more than 70% when its concentration was 50?M.The contents of cholesterol in HepG2 cell lysate increased from 24.4,26.7,32.3 and 38.3?g/mg protein corresponding with the concentration of 0?M,3?M,10?M and 20?M respectively,which showed the positive dose-effect relationship.However,the contents of cholesterol in the cultured medium manifested no difference.Conclusion:Alisol Monoacetate A and B could enhance the metabolic activity of mitochondria and increase the synthesis of cholesterol in HepG2 cell line.

BACKGROUND: The Fas antigen is a cell surface molecule that mediates apoptosis in many cell types. Matsues group indicated that keratinocytes constitutively express the Fas antigen and apoptosis was induced only on pretreatment with interferon-r (IFN-y) in cultured normal human keratinocytes (NHK). OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to determine the induction of apoptosis by Fas antibody alone and/or in combination with IFN y, IL-1a in normal human keratinocytes (NHK) and transitional epithelioma cell lines (KB cell) which had lower levels of intracellular IL-1 receptor antago- nists (IL-1ra ). METHODS: We used cultured NHK and KB cells. Each cell was treated with IFN-r, IL-la and Fas antibody for induction of apoptosis. For quantifying the apoptosis, index fluorescent DNA- binding dyes were used. Result: Fas antibody alone could induce apoptosis not only in KB cells but also in NHK cells. The combination of Fas antibody and IFN-r enhanced the induction of apoptosis in NHK and KB cells. The IL-la alone could induce apoptosis only in KB cells which had relatively small amounts of IL-1ra compared to NHK. CONCLUSION: Our result may indicate that Fas antigen in human keratinocytes can regulate normal epidermal cellular differentiation and proliferation.
Antigens, CD95 ; Apoptosis* ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line ; Coloring Agents ; Humans* ; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-1alpha ; KB Cells* ; Keratinocytes*

Radical prostatectomy became a mainstay of treatment for prostate cancer in the United States after the pioneering work of Walsh in defining the nerve sparing technique. Efforts to reproduce this operation in a minimally invasive fashion resulted in slow progress that recently have flourished with the application of the daVinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) by Menon and colleagues. This article summarizes the origins of robotic prostatectomy, some of the current data regarding this operation and potential future directions.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatectomy/*methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*surgery ; *Robotics ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive/*methods

BACKGROUND: Air-purifying, tight-fitting facepieces are examples of respiratory protective equipment and are worn to protect workers from potentially harmful particulate and vapors. Research shows that the presence of facial hair on users' face significantly reduces the efficacy of these devices. This article sets out to establish if an acceptable seal could be achieved between facial hair and the facepiece. The team also created and investigated a low-cost “pressure testing” method for assessing the efficacy of a seal to be used during the early design process for a facepiece designed to overcome the facial hair issue. METHODS: Nine new designs for face mask seals were prototyped as flat samples. A researcher developed a test rig, and a test protocol was used to evaluate the efficacy of the new seal designs against facial hair. Six of the seal designs were also tested using a version of the conventional fit test. The results were compared with those of the researcher-developed test to look for a correlation between the two test methods. RESULTS: None of the seals performed any better against facial hair than a typical, commercially available facepiece. The pressure testing method devised by the researchers performed well but was not as robust as the fit factor testing. CONCLUSION: The results show that sealing against facial hair is extremely problematic unless an excessive force is applied to the facepiece's seal area pushing it against the face. The means of pressure testing devised by the researchers could be seen as a low-cost technique to be used at the early stages of a the design process, before fit testing is viable.
Hair ; Masks ; Methods

No abstract available.
Ear, Middle*

No abstract available.

Adult-onset egg allergy is rare compared to child-onset egg allergy, and the component-resolved diagnosis test is effective in evaluating food allergy. We herein report a 24-year-old woman with late-onset egg-yolk allergy diagnosed as bird-egg syndrome. The prolonged exposure to pet parrots' dander or dropping through the respiratory system caused sensitization to the Gal d 5 component and resulted in a cross-reaction to egg yolk. Since the patient was suspected of the syndrome by her history, the skin prick test, ISAC ImmunoCAP, and serum ImmunoCAP test were performed. By confirming Gal d 5 component by ISAC ImmunoCAP, the patient was diagnosed with the syndrome. In patients with newly adult-onset food allergy, the clinician must identify the environmental conditions which can cause cross-sensitization and perform the causative component test.

In the case of a patient with a small number of unilateral remaining teeth in the mandible, a restoration with conventional removable partial denture cannot provide sufficient retention and resistance. A harmful stress from the poor stability of denture on remaining teeth occurs due to alveolar bone resorption in edentulous area. Although implant fixed prosthesis can provide multiple benefits over conventional removable partial denture, there are limitations come from anatomic structures and costs. In this case, an implant-assisted removable partial denture (IARPD) with a couple of implants placed in strategic positions can be a treatment modality. The objective of this article is to present a case report of two patients showed satisfactory clinical outcomes during three-year follow-up period describing the fabrication and advantages of removable partial denture assisted by teeth and implants (IARPD) for a patient with a small number of unilateral remaining teeth in mandible using Locator as an implant attachment.
Bone Resorption ; Denture, Partial, Removable* ; Dentures ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mandible ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rehabilitation* ; Tooth*

Leiomyosarcoma is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma of mesenchymal cell origin, which shows smooth muscle differentiation. Leiomyosarcoma is seldom found in the pediatric population, and accounts for fewer than 2% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Leiomyosarcoma of the chest wall is extremely rare in children. We report here a case of an 8-year-old boy with a primary leiomyosarcoma that was incidentally found as a rib mass. The patient underwent a complete resection for a suspected osteochondroma diagnosed by a three-dimensional chest computed tomography examination. Pathological findings of the mass revealed intersecting fascicles of spindle cells showing cigar-shaped nuclei, inconspicuous nuclear pleomorphism and occasional mitotic figures in the background of a suspected osteochondroma of the rib. This report documents the first description of a leiomyosarcoma possibly arising in an osteochondroma of the rib in a child.
Child ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Muscle, Smooth ; Osteochondroma ; Ribs ; Sarcoma ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax

Pain is difficult to investigate and difficult to treat, in part, because of problems in quantification and assessment. The use of opioids, combined with classic anesthetics to maintain hemodynamic stability by controlling responses to intraoperative painful events has gained significant popularity in the anesthetic field. However, several side effects profiles concerning perioperative use of opioid have been published. Over the past two decades, many concerns have arisen with respect to opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), which is the paradoxical effect wherein opioid usage may decrease pain thresholds and increase atypical pain unrelated to the original, preexisting pain. This brief review focuses on the evidence, mechanisms, and modulatory and pharmacologic management of OIH in order to elaborate on the clinical implication of OIH.
Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthetics ; Hemodynamics ; Hyperalgesia* ; Pain Threshold ; Pain, Postoperative