To improve the usage rate and quality of emergency equipment in the hospital, the emergency equipment management was studied. The specialized management and common use of emergency equipment in a hospital was analysed with statistical methods. The usage rate, economic effectiveness and management quality of the equipment were evaluated. Based on the practical experience, the superiorities of the specialized management and common use of emergency equipment in hospitals were summarized, and the inferior positions and their improvement approaches were proposed. As a result, the hospital resource allocation was optimized and the equipment management level was improved by using the specialized management and common use of emergency equipment in the hospital.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; organization & administration ; Materials Management, Hospital ; organization & administration

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among adult residents in Mongolian region of Hulunbeier. Methods A total of 1536 adult residents were selected by using cluster sampling method, and 1496 completed the questionnaire survey. Blood pressure was measured for each participant. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 31.1%. Higher prevalence of hypertension was found in male ( 42. 0% vs 24. 5%, P ＜ 0. 05 ) and the elderly. No statistically significant difference of prevalence of hypertension was investigated in different nationalities (P ＞ O. 05 ). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among adult residents in Mongolian region of Hulunbeier is relatively higher.

BACKGROUNDNurr1 is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors. The objective of the present study was to identify novel splicing variants of the gene in neuronal and non-neuronal tissues and determine their functions.

METHODSReverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was used to screen for Nurr1 splice variants in the adult human central nervous system (CNS) and in other tissues such as lymphocytes, and liver, muscle, and kidney cells. Functional assays of the variants were performed by measuring Nurr1 response element (NuRE) transcriptional activity in vitro.

RESULTSIn this study, the authors identified a novel splicing variant of Nurr1 within exon 5, found in multiple adult human tissues, including lymphocytes, and liver, muscle, and kidney cells, but not in the brain or spinal cord. Sequencing analysis showed the variant has a 75 bp deletion between nucleotides 1402 and 1476. A functional assay of the Nurr1-c splicing variant, performed by measuring NuRE transcriptional activity in vitro, detected a 39% lower level of luciferase (LUC) activity (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONA novel splicing variant of Nurr1 exists in human non-neuronal tissues and functional assays suggest that the variant may act as an alternate transcription regulator.

Adult ; Alternative Splicing ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Humans ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 ; Transcription Factors ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment of postoperative chyle leak after surgery for digestive malignancies.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to February 2012, in the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, clinical data of 19 patients with chyle leak after digestive system cancer surgery were retrospective analyzed.

RESULTSNineteen cases of chyle leak were all identified between the second and the fourth postoperative day and were all initially managed with conservative treatment including early fasting, parenteral nutrition(PN), 24-hour continuous infusion of somatostatin, and low pressure suction drainage. Eight patients were treated successfully for 6 to 10 days with a significant reduction of the daily drainage volume. Ten patients had enteral nutrition(EN) and their drain tubes were repeatedly washed with 30 ml of compound meglumine diatrizoate injection every day until the drainage volume decreased to 200 ml/day. The time to resolution of chyle leak in these ten patients ranged from 12 to 24 days. One patient had no significant decrease in fluid drainage and developed abdominal distension after one week of conservative treatment. Surgical closure of chyle leak was performed on the 11th postoperative day, abdominal cavity drainage tube was removed on the 4th postoperative day. The patient was discharged home in good condition.

CONCLUSIONMost postoperative chyle leak after surgery for digestive malignancies can be successfully managed with conservative treatment. Somatostatin and the drainage are the main therapeutic approaches. When chyle leak is not resolved with conservative treatment, surgical treatment should be considered to prevent serious complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Anastomotic Leak ; therapy ; Chyle ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the seasonal characteristics and the sources of elements and ions with different sizes in the aerosols in Beijing.

METHODSSamples of particulate matters (PM2.5), PM10, and total suspended particle (TSP) aerosols were collected simultaneously in Beijing from July 2001 to April 2003. The aerosol was chemically characterized by measuring 23 elements and 18 water-soluble ions by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and ion chromatography (IC), respectively.

RESULTSThe samples were divided into four categories: spring non-dust, spring dust, summer dust, and winter dust. TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 were most abundant in the spring dust, and the least in summer dust. The average mass ratios of PM > 10, PM2.5-10, and PM2.5 to TSP confirmed that in the spring dust both the large coarse (PM > 10) and fine particles (PM2.5) contributed significantly in summer PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM > 10 contributed similar fractions to TSP, and in winter much PM2.5. The seasonal variation characteristics of the elements and ions were used to divide them into four groups: crustal, pollutant, mixed, and secondary. The highest levels of crustal elements, such as Al, Fe, and Ca, were found in the dust season, the highest levels of pollutant elements and ions, such as As, F-, and Cl-, were observed in winter, and the highest levels of secondary ions (SO4(2-), NO3-, and NH4+) were seen both in summer and in winter. The mixed group (Eu, Ni, and Cu) showed the characteristics of both crustal and pollutant elements. The mineral aerosol from outside Beijing contributed more than that from the local part in all the reasons but summer, estimated using a newly developed element tracer technique.

Aerosols ; China ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Environmental Monitoring ; Particle Size ; Particulate Matter ; analysis ; chemistry ; Seasons ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic

OBJECTIVETo establish a rapid, sensitive and specific method based on multiplex fluorescent quantitative PCR for detection of deep infections with Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

METHODSTwo pairs of primers and Taqman probes were designed according to the gene sequences of Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus available in American Type Culture Collection. The positivity rate, sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex fluorescent quantitative PCR-based method for detecting the fungal infection was tested in 20 specimens from SLE patients with Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus infections, 20 specimens from SLE patients with suspected deep fungal infections, and 20 microbial samples other than Candida albicans or Aspergillus flavus.

RESULTSThe multiple fluorescence quantitative PCR-based method showed a positivity rate and specificity of both 100% for detecting Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus infections in the SLE patients. This method resulted in a detection sensitivity of 75%, significantly higher than that of fugal culture method (40%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe multiplex fluorescent real-time PCR-based method allows rapid, quantitative and simultaneous detection of deep Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus infections with high sensitivity and specificity in SLE patients.

Adult ; Aspergillosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Aspergillus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Candida albicans ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Candidiasis ; complications ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Mycoses ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDDiffusion weighted imaging (DWI), with the applying of intravoxel incoherent motion model, has showed promising results in obtaining additional information about microperfusion and tubular flow associated with morphologic changes in chronic kidney diseases. The study aims to evaluate the potential of T2-weighted signal intensity (SI) and DWI with mono- and bi-exponential models to reflect the serial changes on cisplatin (CP) induced rat renal fibrosis models.

METHODSMagnetic resonance exams were performed prior to and 2 nd day, 4 th day, 6 th day, 8 th day, 2 nd week, 3 rd week and 4 th week after CP injection at a 3.0T with an animal coil. Besides T2-weighted images (T2WI), DWI of 13 b values from 0 to 1500 s/mm 2 was acquired. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fluid fraction f, pure diffusivity D and pseudodiffusivity DFNx01 values were calculated. The regions of interest were placed on cortex (CO), outer stripe of the outer medulla (OM) and inner stripe of the outer medulla (OM), parameters were measured and compared among different time points. Five rats were scarified at each time point for pathological examination.

RESULTSOM revealed remarkable hyperintense and broadened before it became an obscure thread, while CO demonstrated moderate hyperintense and IM didn't show significant change on T2WI. On all three stripes, ADC values decreased firstly then kept increasing since the 4 th day; f values decreased on all stripes; D values had a tendency to increase with fluctuations but the changes didn't achieve statistical significance; DFNx01 values increased at the 2 nd day then tended to be steady thereafter. Pathological findings revealed tubules epitheliums swelling followed by inflammation cells infiltration, interstitial fibrosis was observed since the 2 nd week.

CONCLUSIONSAll of T2-weighted SI, ADC, and biexponential models parameters vary during fibrotic process; biexponential model is superior to monoexponential model in separating changes of microperfusion together with tubular flow from pure diffusion.

Animals ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Disease Progression ; Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo screen the learning and memory mutant from N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenic zebrafish F1, and to get the new model animal to study the mechanism of learning and memory.

METHODSZebrafish mutant was screened by inhibitory avoidance behavioral test and identified by the expression of gene c-fos with qRT-PCR.

RESULTSWe isolated a zebrafish mutant related to learning and memory, fgt. In this fgt zebrafish mutant long-term memory was much lower than that in wild-type when tested at 24 h after training. The 24 h long-term memory in about half of fgt mutant F2 (13/30) were significantly lower than those in wild-type, and the others relatively normal. Compared with the expression in wild-type fishes, the expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) c-fos in half of fgt mutant F2 (13/30) after exploring in a novel environment increased distinctly from the basal control levels statistically, and the others relatively normal, which were in accordance with the behavioral results.

CONCLUSIONThe zebrafish mutant fgt is a dominant mutant with defect in long-term memory.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Genes, Immediate-Early ; Genetic Testing ; Male ; Memory, Long-Term ; Zebrafish ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo examine the change of Smoothened (Smo) expression in the retinofugal pathway and in the growth cones during the period of embryonic day 13 (E13) to E15.

METHODSSmo expression in the chiasm and growth cones was observed by fluorescent immunostaining and retinal explant culture.

RESULTSOn E13 and E14, Smo was expressed moderately in the retina and optic disc, and in the corner of the retina, Smo expression was especially dense. On E13, Smo expression was detected in the optic nerves and ventral diencephalon, but only in the superficial region of the optic tract on E14. Smo was also detected in the stem and filopodia of the growth cones in the retinal explant culture during this period.

CONCLUSIONSmo expression changes in different developmental phases, suggesting that Smo might play a role in signal optic axon growth during the development of the retinofugal pathway.

Animals ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Optic Chiasm ; cytology ; embryology ; metabolism ; Optic Nerve ; cytology ; embryology ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; biosynthesis ; Retina ; cytology ; embryology ; metabolism ; Smoothened Receptor ; Visual Pathways ; cytology ; embryology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein A5(apoA5) - 1131T > C polymorphism and the susceptibility of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese.

METHODSThe restriction fragment length polymorphism of apoA5 gene - 1131T > C was studied using PCR in a case-control study which enrolled 235 patients with CAD diagnosed by angiography and 262 healthy controls from Jiangsu province.

RESULTSThe frequencies of T, C allele were 59.57%ì40.43% and 65.65%, 34.35% in CAD group and control group respectively. There was statistically significant difference in allele frequencies between CAD group and control group (P < 0.05). The susceptibility to CAD for the CC genotype was much higher than that for wild type TT (OR = 1.872, 95% CI = 1.039 - 3.376, P = 0.037), even after the use of Logistic regression models (OR = 2.285, 95% CI = 1.222 - 4.274, P = 0.012). In control group, there was significant difference in TG levels among different genotypes, the C allele carriers had higher serum TG concentration (P = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONapoA5 - 1131T > C polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of CAD and is also in strong association with serum TG levels.

Aged ; Apolipoprotein A-V ; Apolipoproteins A ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Triglycerides ; blood