Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of common gram-positive cocci in author's hospital.Methods Identification of these bacteria were done with API analysis system,disc diffusion tests were employed to study the antimicrobial resistance.Results A total of 25 052 clinical isolates were collected in 8 years,of gram-positive cocci accounted for 7907(31.9%).Staphylococcus aureus(3549 strains,44.9%),enterococcus(1760 strains,22.3%)and coagulase-negative staphylococcus(1558 strains,19.7%)were the most common isolates.The prevalence of MRSA increased from 59.6% in 2001 to 76.3% in 2008,and MRSCoN increased from 64.2% to 77.0%.The resistant rate of MRSA to gentamicin,clindamycin,erythromycin and levofloxacin were over 90%,to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol were less than 20%.The resistant rate of MSSA to gentamicin,levofloxacin,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol were low 20%,and to beta-lactamase antibacterial agents except penicillin were 0.The resistant rates of MRSCoN to all antimicrobial agents were lower than MRSA,but to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(71.2%)was higher than MRSA(21.2%).No staphylococcus strains were resistant to vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid.2.1% enterococcus feacium and 4.4% other enterococcus were resistant to vancomycin.No strains of enterococcus were found resistant to teicoplanin and linezolid.Conclusion The resistant rate of gram-positive cocci were increasing obviously,the prevalence of MRS was high.Vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid were the most active agents against severe infection induced by multidrug-resistant gram-positive cocci.

NAS preparation, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine found by the Yunnan Eco-agricultural Research Institute, has potential antiviral activity. In this paper, the inhibiting effect of NAS preparation on H9N2 subtype Avian influenza virus (AIV) was investigated in vivo. Chickens infected with H9N2 virus were treated with NAS preparation for 4 days. The virus was then detected by hemoagglutination (HA) test and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that no H9N2 virus could be detected at the 7th day when the chickens were treated with 0.2g/kg/d or 0.1g/kg/d of NAS preparation. However the virus could be detected in other chickens without NAS preparation treatment. This result suggested that NAS preparation may be a potential drug candidate to control infection of H9N2 subtype AIV in chickens.

BACKGROUNDBased on the excellent medical care and management system for Chinese veterans, as well as the detailed medical documentation available, we aim to construct a Chinese Veteran Clinical Research (CVCR) platform on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and carry out studies of the primary disabling NCDs.

METHODSThe Geriatric Neurology Department of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital and veterans' hospitals serve as the leading and participating units in the platform construction. The fundamental constituents of the platform are veteran communities. Stratified typical cluster sampling is adopted to recruit veteran communities. A cross-sectional study of mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders are performed in two stages using screening scale such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal cognitive assessment, followed by systematic neuropsychological assessments to make clinical diagnoses, evaluated disease awareness and care situation.

RESULTSA total of 9 676 among 277 veteran communities from 18 cities are recruited into this platform, yielding a response rate of 83.86%. 8 812 subjects complete the MNS subproject screening and total response rate is 91.70%. The average participant age is (82.01±4.61) years, 69.47% of veterans are 80 years or older. Most participants are male (94.01%), 83.36% of subjects have at least a junior high school degree. The overall health status of veterans is good and stable. The most common NCD are cardiovascular disorders (86.44%), urinary and genital diseases (73.14%), eye and ear problems (66.25%), endocrine (56.56%) and neuro-psychiatric disturbances (50.78%).

CONCLUSIONWe first construct a veterans' comprehensive clinical research platform for the study of NCDs that is primarily composed of highly educated Chinese males of advanced age and utilize this platform to complete a cross-sectional national investigation of MNS disorders among veterans. The good and stable health condition of the veterans could facilitate the long-term follow-up studies of NCDs and provide prospective data to the prevention and management of NCDs.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Veterans ; statistics & numerical data