Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of cerebral palsy(CP)in children aged 1-6 years in China,including the incidence,prevalence,type of CP,etiology,prevention and rehabilitation status. Methods The survey was carried out by standard questionnaires,multi-center collaboration,stratified-cluster ran-dom sampling method.The surveyed adopted the following principles:streets in the city and villages in the rural areas, and the number of the urban and rural children was the same,and the proportion of children in each age group was balanced.The investigation areas included provinces and autonomous regions,including Heilongjiang,Beijing,Henan, Shandong,Shanxi,Shaanxi,Anhui,Hunan,Guangxi,Guangdong,Chongqing and Qinghai,and 323 858 children were in-vestigated.Results The incidence of CP was 2.48‰(155/62 591 cases),and the prevalence was 2.46‰(797/323 858 cases)(1-6 years old).The prevalence varied in different regions,in which the highest prevalence was 5. 40‰(54/9 998 cases)in Qinghai province,and the lowest prevalence was 1.04‰(47/45 133 cases)in Shandong province.The prevalence of the males(2.64‰,461/174 391 cases)was higher than that of the females(2.25‰, 336/149 467 cases),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The types of CP were spastic type (58.85%,469/797 cases),mixed type(13.17%,105/797 cases),dyskinetic(9.79%,78/797 cases),hypotonic (8.28%,66/797 cases),ataxia(6.25%,52/797 cases)and rigid(3.39%,27/797 cases)respectively in 797 CP children.The first three risk factors for CP were long -term exposure to harmful physical factors during pregnancy, whether there were birth defects among the three generations of relatives of the children,such as children's peers, parents or grandparents,whether there were birth defects among the children's peers,parents or grandparents,and neonatal jaundice or persistent jaundice.Among 797 CP children,79.67% of the children with CP were timely detected and treated in the local hospitals,while the other 19.93% of them were not timely treated.The places which could give them timely detection and early diagnosis and treatment were general hospitals(42.97%),Maternity and Infant Hospitals (27.03%)and Children's Hospitals(20.31%). The main rehabilitation methods for 797 children with CP were 34.58% in the hospitals or rehabilitation centers,31.61% in the communities(including at home),33.80% mainly in the medical institution,and in the communities they could also receive partially rehabilitation services. Conclusions The prevalence of CP in China is coincident with international levels.The prevalence rate of CP in males is higher than that in females.The types of CP distribution are accorded with international distribution characteristics.There were still some children with CP who could not receive timely detection and treatment.Rehabilitation at the medical institutions is the chief way and proper rehabilitation guidance should be carried out in the communities.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Fructus arctii concentrated granules. METHODS:TLC was con-ducted for the qualitative identification and HPLC was used for the content determination of arctiin in F. arctii concentrated gran-ules. The determination was performed on Dionex C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(40∶60,V/V) at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm,and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The samples size was 10 μl. RESULTS:TLC spectrum showed that the spots of F. arctii concentrated granules and arctiin reference medicinal material had the same color;the linear range of arctiin was 0.5-12.5 μg(r=0.999 8)with the average recovery of 98.41%(RSD=0.81%, n=9). The RSDs of precision,stability,repeatability tests were no more than 1.0%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is feasible and reproducible,and can effectively control the quality of F. arctii concentrated granules.

Objective To explore the influence factors of hyperarousal,personality characteristics and coping strategies on the vulnerability to stress-related sleep disturbance.Methods A total of 345 sleep good healthy volunteers were recruited bypurposive sampling technique.Every participant completed an extensive survey that included the general condition questionnaire,Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST),PreSleep Arousal Scale (PSAS),NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEOPI-R),Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Heart Rate Variability(HRV).All participants were classified as High risk group andLow risk group by using the FIRST criterion.Results The high risk group was younger than the low risk group (27.91±8.22 vs 24.82±7.73,P＜0.01),and had a higher percentage of females (34.7％ vs 53.4％,P＜0.05).The high risk group showed significantly higher scores in PSAS total (30.11±6.22),pesleep cognitive arousal (17.73± 4.51),presleep somatic arousal (12.78 ± 3.23),neuroticism (3.13 ± 0.51),emotion oriented (48.98 ± 10.54),but lower score in extraversion (2.96±0.54),then those indicators of the low risk group (28.52±5.82,16.32±4.32,11.41±2.75; 3.11±0.56,2.87±0.47,46.23±11.21,3.11±0.56,P＜0.01 or 0.05).There were significant difference between the two group in LF/HF (1.51 ±0.19 vs 1.17±0.11,P＜0.01),HF((311.21 ±72.32) ms2/Hz vs (490.43 ± 91.74)ms2/Hz,P＜0.01),LF((469.49±85.67)ms2/Hzvs (573.21±98.75) ms2/Hz,P＜0.01) in HRV.Results of linear regression analysis showed that gender,and scores of PSAS total,cognitive arousal,presleep cognitive arousal,presleep somatic arousal,neuroticism,emotion oriented and LF/HF were significant correlation with FIRST score (P＜0.01 or 0.05).Conclusion Presleep cognitive and somatic arousal,neurotic character may be the premorbid characteristics of stress-related sleep disturbance,and bad stress coping strategies are easy to promote the development of insomnia.

Objective To explore the methods of cerebral palsy registration. Methods The operation of cerebral palsy registration in Jiamusi was introduced, including the development of the management system, and contents, steps and notices of registration. Results 51 cases with cerebral palsy in Jiamusi were registered from Januaray 1st, 2002 to December 31st, 2011. Conclusion Less children with cerebral palsy had registered, and received insufficient rehabilitation.

Objective To explore the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in pathogenesis of autism. Methods 12.5 d pregnantWistar rats were injected sodium valproate (VPA) 600 mg/kg or normal saline (NS). Their newborn rats were observed ethologically.The expression of BDNF was measured in their temporal cortex with immunohistochemical stain. Results Compared with NS group, VPAgroup expressed less body mass (P<0.05), eyes opening delay (P<0.05), poorer coordination response (P<0.05), slower taxis response (P<0.05). The number of social behavior decreased (P<0.05), latency increased (P<0.05), duration shortened (P<0.05), repetitive activities increased(P<0.05). Purkinje cells reduced in cerebellum. The expression of BDNF increased significantly in temporal cortex 1 d, 7 d and 14 dpostnatally (P<0.01), but decreased 35 d and 49 d postnatally (P<0.01). Conclusion BDNF plays a role in the pathogenesis of autism.

Objective To study the effect of brain function biofeedback on children with spastic cerebral palsy following attention deficit disorder. Methods 44 children with spastic cerebral palsy were divided into 2 groups: 23 cases in observation group and 21in control group. The routine rehabilitation including physical therapy, occupational therapy, sensory integration, speech therapy and traditional Chinese medicine were used in two groups, while at the same time EEG biofeedback therapy was used in the observation group 5 times a week for 3 months. Chinese Binet Intelligence Scale (CBIS) and The Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) were used to assess the effect before and after treatment. Results After the treatment, the intellectual level of the observation group significantly improved (P<0.01), omissions significantly reduced (P<0.01), error number was lower (P<0.05), reaction time was significantly shorter(P<0.01), mutation rate was significantly lower (P<0.01); while the intellectual level of the control group didn't significantly improve (P>0.05), omissions and reaction time significantly reduced (P<0.01), there was not obvious difference in error number and the mutation (P>0.05). Conclusion Brain function biofeedback can effectively improve attention disorder in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

ObjectiveTo study the optimum method to evaluate the motor function of cerebral palsy neonatal rats caused by intrauterine infection. Methods48 Wistar 17 d pregnant rats were consecutively injected with lipopolysacchide (LPS) (450 μg/kg) for 2 d (LPS group), and other 10 Wistar 17 d pregnant rats (control group) were injected with the same dose of saline. The neonatal rats were selected randomly in control group (A) (n=60) and LPS group (n=120), the latter was divided into intervention group (B1, n=60) and nonintervention group (B2, n=60). The CP rats were identified with neurobehavior detection on the 25th day. Then the CP rats in the B1 group (B1CP) continued their intervention, the CP rats in the B2 group (B2CP) and 10 rats random from group A (A′) were raised routinely. They were assessed with neurobehavior detection and improved BBB assessment on the 25th and 42nd day. ResultsThere were 7 CP rats in B1 group, and 13 in B2 group. There was significant difference in the scores of hanging test, slopes test, open-field experiment, resist captured reaction between the 25th and 42nd day in B1CP group (P<0.01), as well as in improved BBB assessment (P<0.01), but not in neurobehavior detection; while there was not significant difference in B2CP group and in A′ group in all the assessment above. ConclusionNot neurobehavior detection, but hanging test and BBB assessment, can be used to evaluate the motor function of cerebral palsy rats caused by intrauterine infection.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Balance Performance Monitor (BPM) on balance capacity of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods96 children (2～5 years old) with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. BPM training combined with Bobath approach was used in the experimental group, and the Bobath approach was used in the control group. They were assessed with the BPM before and 2 months after training. Results2 months after training, the balance capacity in both groups improved than before（P<0.05）. Furthermore, the index of experimental group is better than those of the control group（P<0.05）. ConclusionBPM can improve the effects of Bobath approach on the balance capacity of the children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective To detect the ZAP-70 and CD38 expression in these patients with chronic B lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and explore their relationship and clinical significance. Methods The expressions of ZAP-70 and CD38 in bone marrow or peripheral blood of 21 patients with B-CLL were detected by flow cytometry. Results ZAP-70 was positively expressed in 9 of all patients, CD38 was positive in 8 of all patients. ZAP-70 and CD38 were both expressed in 8 patients, ZAP-70 and CD38 were none expressed in 8 patients. Conclusion CD38 and ZAP-70 expression can offer important prognostic information. Cases of B-CLL positive for ZAP-70 and CD38 indicate a worse prognosis. There is a good correlation between these new prognostic factors.

AIM　A series of 4-styrylcoumarin derivatives had been designed and synthesized in order to find compounds of antitumor activities by screening. METHODS　Title compounds (1-20) were synthesized by Phase-Transfer Wittig reaction or Wittig-Horner reaction, and screened by several antitumor models in vitro. Their structures were determined by 1HNMR, MS and elemental analysis. RESULTS　Twenty compounds (1-20) are new compounds. Compound 18 had effects on KB cell lines in vitro. CONCLUSION It was seen that compound 18 had certain antitumor activities, and it was worth further studying.