Objective To investigate the effect of stress level on blood coagulation and fracture healing in fracture patients.Methods The clinical data of 50 fracture patients (fracture group) and 50 healthy volunteers (control group) were analyzed retrospectively.The oxidative stress indexes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and blood coagulation indexes [plasma fibrinogen (Fib),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),thronbin time (TT),and prothrombin time (PT)] were compared between the 2 groups.Correlation between stress level and coagulation indexes in the fracture patients was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient.The correlation between stress level and the progress of fracture healing in fracture patients was analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in APTT,TT,PT or other blood coagulation indexes between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The fracture group had a significantly lower SOD level but significantly higher MDA and Fib levels than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Spearman analysis showed that the SOD level was negatively correlated to the Fib level (P ＜ 0.05) while the MDA level was positively correlated to the Fib level in the fracture group (P ＜ 0.05).The MDA level was negatively correlated to the process of fracture healing (P ＜ 0.05) while the SOD level was positively correlated to the process of fracture healing in the fracture group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Traumatic fracture can cause stress reaction.It should be kept in mind that the severity of stress reaction is closely related to the Fib level and the process of fracture healing.

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics and brain/plasma concentration ratio of nortriptyline at multiple doses in mice which were pre-treated with physiological saline, piperine and verapamil. Methods: A total of 216 male Kun Ming mice[(25±3) g] were equally divided into 4 groups randomly. Each group was intragastrically administered physiological saline (B), piperine (170 μg/kg), piperine (5 mg/kg) and verapamil (5 mg/kg) for 8 days. On the 8th day, 1 h atfer giving the above drugs, each mice was intraperitoneally injected nortriptyline (13 mg/kg). The mice were sacriifced by picking off eyeballs at the time intervals of 5, 15, 30 min, and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 h, andthe cerebra were collected and weighted. Nortriptyline in mouse plasma and brain was determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic properties of the plasma, brain and brain/plasma were calculated. Results: hTe AUC0-12 h of brain/plasma concentration ratio in the 170 μg/kg piperine group was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.05), while the AUC0-12 h of brain/plasma concentration ratios in the 5 mg/kg piperine group and the verapamil group were not signiifcantly different from those of untreated mice. Conclusion: Piperine (170 μg/kg) may induce P-glycoprotein expression in the blood-brain barrier, while piperines at 5 mg/kg has no influence on P-glycoprotein expression in the blood-brain barrier.

This study is to screen 23 blank O/W type microemulsion (ME) samples, that is 15 samples from our laboratory, and 8 samples from literature; compare the conductivity-water content curve (CWCC) method and visual method in determining the critical water content during O/W type MEs' formation, to analyze the deficiency and the feasibility of visual method and to exploxe scientific meanings of CWCC method in judging the critical water content of O/W type MEs during formation. The results show that there is a significant difference between the theoretical feasible CWCC method and visual method in determining the critical water content (P<0.001), and the results judged by conductivity is higher than that by eye-based water content. Therefore, this article firmly confirmed the shortcomings of visual method and suggested that the eye-base "critical water content" may falls into continuous ME stage during O/W MEs' formation. Further more, the CWCC method has theoretical feasibility and scientific meanings in determining the critical water content of O/W type MEs during formation.

Objective To investigate pregnancy outcomes and neurodevelopment in fetuses with ventriculomegaly. Methods This was a cohort study of 173 gravidas with singleton pregnancy who were diagnosed with fetal ventriculomegaly by ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnostic Center of Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University from March 2010 to July 2016. Thirty normal gravidas who received antenatal care in the same hospital and at the same period were selected as control. Clinical data were collected. Gravidas who had chosen to continue their pregnancy were followed up to monitor the variations of fetal ventricular. Fetal mild and moderate ventriculomegaly were respectively defined as a ventricular atrial width of 10-12 mm and >12 mm but <15 mm. Isolated ventriculomegaly (IVM) indicated those without any other ultrasound abnormalities, otherwise the case would be defined as non-isolated ventriculomegaly (NIVM). Among the 173 gravidas, 54 cases were mild IVM, 53 mild NIVM, 26 moderate IVM and 40 moderate NIVM. Fetuses with chromosome abnormalities were excluded from the study. Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was used to analyze the neonatal neurodevelopment at the age of 7 days, and Bayley scales of infant development was used to evaluate the development of nervous system at the age of 6 months through analyzing their mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI). Statistical methods included t test, χ2 test (or Fisher's exact test), nonparametric test, Mann-Whitney test and multiple Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results (1) Among the 107 fetuses with mild ventriculomegaly, 72.9％ (78), 23.4％ (25) and 3.7％ (4) of them regressed, stabilized and progressed,respectively; however, among the 66 moderate cases, the figures were 45.4％ (30), 37.9％ (25) and 16.7％ (11) respectively (χ2=15.769, P<0.001). For those in the IVM and NIVM subgroups within the moderate ventriculomegaly group, significant difference was shown [17(65.4％), 8(30.8％) and 1(3.8％) vs 13(32.5％), 17(42.5％) and 10(25.0％), χ2=8.552, P=0.014], but not within the mild groups (χ2=2.412, P=0.299). (2) There were 164 gravidas who continued their pregnancy and delivered. Significant differences in NBNA score were observed between the ventriculomegaly group and the control (37.70±1.80 vs 38.53±1.38, t= - 2.424, P<0.05). Numbers of neonates with NBNA score < 36 and ≥ 36 points were 5(4.7％) and 101(95.3％) in the mild group, and 8(13.8％) and 50(86.2％) in the moderate group (χ2=4.231, P=0.004). There was significant difference in NBNA score between the IVM and NIVM subgroup within neither mild nor moderate group (χ2 were 0.210 and 0.201, P were 1.000 and 0.720). (3) Totally, 137 cases completed the assessment of nervous system development at the age of 6 months. There was significant difference in PDI score between the ventriculomegaly group and the control (90.50±10.85 vs 95.80±9.65, t= - 2.471, P=0.014), but not in MDI score (95.42+11.20 vs 99.50+12.00, t= - 1.786, P=0.076). (4) The comparison of the proportion of excellent, average and poor PDI scores: Significant differences were found between the IVM and NIVM subgroup within the moderate ventriculamegaly group and in the different intrauterine outcome groups [IVM vs NIVM groups: 3(15.0％), 16(80.0％) and 1(5.0％) vs 1(3.1％), 24(75.0％) and 7(21.9％),Z= - 2.097, P=0.036;intrauterine regression, stable and progress group: 9(10.6％), 75(88.2％) and 1(1.2％);3(6.5％), 37(80.4％) and 6(13.1％) vs 0, 2(2/6) and 4(4/6), χ2=19.808, P<0.001], but not between the mild and moderate vetriculamegaly group, or between the subgroups within the mild ones (Z were - 1.869 and - 1.946, P were 0.062 and 0.052). (5) The comparison of the proportion of excellent, average and poor scores of MDI: Significant difference was only found among the different intrauterine outcome groups[13(15.3％), 71(83.5％), 1(1.2％); 2(4.4％), 41(89.1％), 3(6.5％) vs 0, 5(5/6), 1(1/6); χ2=7.980, P=0.018], but not in any other comparisons (all P>0.05). Conclusions Prognosis of fetal ventriculomegaly is affected by co-existed abnormalities and intrauterine progression. Fetus with mild ventriculomegaly can also have risk of abnormal neural development, suggesting that we should pay much attention to such cases and a regular follow-up is required.