Small cell lung cancer(SCLC) is an chemosensitive and radiosensitive malignant tumor which can appear hematogenous metastasis in early stage. The treatment of SCLC is based on chemotherapy and combined with radiotherapy and operation. In spite of the high response rate, the median time from drug-resistance to death of extensive SCLC is still disappointed. As to limited SCLC, there are still 75 % ~ 80 % patients relapse after inductive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. All in all, the second-line therapy is very important in SCLC patients.

Objective To explore the effect of calcium gene-related peptide (CGRP) on free calcium concentration in the brain cells of hypoxic-ischemic neonatal SD rats. Methods Animal model of hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury was set up using SD rats of 7 days old. Then the rats were randomly divided into treatment group given 3?g/kg/d CGRP intraperitoneally for 3 days immediately after the model was made, and salt solution group given 0.9% NaCl solution intraperitoneally for 3 days. Normal control group received sham operation. All the rats were decapitated after 3 days and the concentration of free calcium in brain cells was measured with calcium fluorescence indicator in Fura-2Am. Results The free calcium concentration in brain cells in salt solution group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P

The respective sense and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides and their phosphorothiods, targeting at the bcr/abl, were the hallmark gene of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia( CML) and c-myb correlates with CML. K562 cells, derived initially from a patient of CML blast crisis, were incubated with bcr/abl antisense oligodeoxynucleotides asODN or c-myb asODN or with both asODN in combinalion. All kinds of asODN could not only significantly inhibit K562 cells survival with the highest inhibitory rate of 64.7%?3.2%, but also dramatically inhibit DNA synthesis and the highest inhibitory rate was 85. 8 %?4.1%, decrease bcr/abl mRNA level almost completely and induce apoptosis significantly. The inhibition effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides phosphorothiodes s-asODN was stronger than that of unmodified asODN. The inhibition of the combination of bcr/abl and c-myb asODN was stronger than that of anyone alnoe. All the inhibitions exhibited in sequence-and time-dependent manner. We concluded that bcr/abl in pathogenesis of CML not only increased CML cells proliferation rate, but also decreased CML cells apoptosis rate. c-myb may participate in CML mainly by regulating bcr/abl. Trie results indicated that the modified asODN and multiple asODN targeting several oncogenes may advance to antisense gene therapy.

Objective To study the imaging characteristics of breast fibroadenoma on mammograms.Methods Mammograms of 81 cases with breast fibroadenoma confirmed by operation and pathology were reviewed retrospectively. Results Fifty-four cases had isodense masses;11 cases with highdense masses;13 cases with phyllodes masses.“Membranoid sign” can be seen in 44 cases,19 cases with indistinct margin,6 cases with benign calcifications. Accurate preoperative diagnoses were made in 65 cases. Eight cases were misdiagnosed as breast carcinoma or adenosis respectively.The diagnosis of “no malignant lesions” was made in 8 cases.Conclusion The recognition of typical and atypical X-ray findings of breast fibroaderoma is very important,mammography is a good methods in detecting and differentiating breast diseases.

Objective To investigate the common allergens and the relationship between the common allergens and the age of children with bronchial asthma in Jiading area of Shanghai. Methods Skin prick test (SPT) of 15 common allergens with standard prick liquid were performed in 351 asthmatic children, the children were divided into ≤3 years group, 3 ～6 years group and ＞6 years group, and we observed the positive rates and allergens in different age groups. Results (1) The positive rate of SPT for inhalant allergens in children with bronchial asthma is 71. 2%, specifically are: dust mite (49. 6%), house dust mite (49. 0%), fungi Ⅰ (36. 8%), mold Ⅱ (34. 8%), tree Ⅰ (32. 5%), dog epithelium (31.9%), cat epithelium (31.3%), pollen (29. 1%), tree Ⅱ (28. 8%), and feather (27.4%). (2)The positive rate of SPT for food allergens in children with bronchial asthma is 39. 6%, specifically are: shrimp(24.2%), eggs(15.7%), milk(14.8%), peanuts (13. 7%), and curries(12.5%). (3) The positive rate of inhalant allergens was significantly higher than food allergens. The positive rate of inhalant allergens had no significant differences among different ages, while the positive rate of food allergens was increased with age. Conclusions Most children with bronchial asthma and allergens are related, and allergens are related to age.

Objective: To study the effects of exogenous nucleotides on immune function in mice.Methods: Sixty Kunming mice, (20?2) g, 5-6 weeks old were divided into three treatments groups (fed 0,0.05%,0.25% nucleotide-supplemented diet respectively). Each treatment was divided into two groups: normal group and immunodepression group. Mice in immunodepression groups were injected with cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg bw) on the 2nd day in order to suppress the immune function and the mice in normal group were treated with normal saline at the same time. All mice were injected with SRBC on the 6th day. 0,0.05%,0.25% nucleotides were added into basic diet respectively and fed for 10 days. Body weight gain, organ index (thymus and spleen), SI, antibody anti SRBC and antibody secreting cell number in spleen were measured. Results: The body weight gain(P

Objective: To study the effect of dietary nucleotides on DNA damage of thymocytes in mice. Methods: KM mice (n=30) , 5-6 weeks, were randomized into 3 groups,negative group (group 1), positive group (group 2) and nucleotides group (group 3). Mice in group 1 and 2 were fed nucleotide-free diet and group 3 nucleotide-supplemented diet (0.25% nucleotides). Mice in group 2, 3 were given single cyclophosphamide intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg bw at day 21. DNA damage in thymus lymphocytes was evaluated 18 h after injection by single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay. Thymus and spleen were weighed. Results: Dietary nucleotides had no effect on weights of thymus and spleen, but significantly decreased the number of damaged lymphocytes and the degree of damage. Conclusion: Dietary nucleotides may protect thymocytes DNA in mice from damage.

Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin-8(AQP8)and apoptosis associated bcl-2 protein in human cervical carcinoma and their relationship.Methods The expression of AOP8 and bcl-2 protein in 74 cases of cervical carcinoma (46 cases of squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix,28 cases of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix),34 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)and 15 cases of normal cervices were detected by immunohistochemical technique,and their clinical significance were analyzed.Results The expression of AQP8 and bcl-2 protein were detected in intracytoplasm of atypia cells in CIN.squamous-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.The positive rates of AQP8 and bcl-2 in squamous-cell carcinoma.adenocarcinoma,CIN and normal cervical epithelium were 98%,74%;61%,71%;71%,53%;53%,20%respectively.There were significant differences between squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and other groups in AQP8(P＜0.01),but no significant differences were found in any other groups.There were significant differences between squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and CIN or normal cervical epithelium in bcl-2.so were between adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.The expression of AQP8 was positively correlated with bcl-2 in human cervical carcinoma(rs=0.463,P=0.000).Conclusions There is a close relationship between high expression of AQP8 and development of human cervical carcinoma.The expression of AQP8 protein is positively correlated with bcl-2 protein in human cervical carcinoma. AQP8 protein may have anti-apoptosis function.although the detailed mechanism in human cervical carcinoma remaias to be clarified.

Objective To investigate the effects of curcumin on mRNA expression of cytokines related to Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling in THP-1 cells.Methods After pretreatment with different concentrations (50,25,12.5 mg/L) of curcumin or dexamethasone for 12 hours,THP-1 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS.1 mg/L) for 4 hours followed by the collection of cells.Then total RNA was isolated from these cells and subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the detection of mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6),interleukin-1 receptorassociated kinase (IRAK1) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB.THP-1 cells without pretreatment or stimulation served as negative control,and those only stimulated with LPS served as LPS group.Results After stimulation with LPS (1 mg/L) for 4 hours,the mRNA expressions of TRAF6,IRAK1 and NF-κB were significantly upregulated in THP-1 cells compared with negative control cells (f=38.69,39.13,23.99,all P<0.01).Curcumin of 50 mg/L and 25 mg/L significantly inhibited the mRNA expressions of TRAF6.IRAK 1 and NF-κB upregulated by LPS with an inhibition rate of more than 50% (all P<0.0 1).Conclusions Certain concentrations of curcumin can inhibit the mRNA expressions of TRAF6.IRAK1 and NF-κB.which demonstrates the regulatory effect of curcumin on the mRNA expressions of TLR4 signaling pathway-associated cytokines.

AIM To investigate the beneficial effect of aminoguanide (AG) on cerebral ischemic injury and the possible mechanism. METHODS The model of focal cerebral ischemia in rat was prepared. Rats were divided into sham-operated group, ischemic group and AG group. Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups (n=6 for each): drugs were administrated at 2, 6 and 12 h after the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), respectively. AG (100 mg·kg-1, ip) was administrated, 2 times a day, for 3 consecutive days. The changes in infarcted volume and the contents of amino acids were assayed. RESULTS The infarcted volume (15.1±3.4, 18.4±5.1, 25.7±3.5) was much decreased compared with that of ischemic group (23.2±2.9, 28.0±3.9, 37.2±2.9) when AG was administrated at 2, 6 and 12 h after MCAO respectively (%, P<0.05, n=6). The contents of aspartate, glutamate, glycine and GABA in striatum, hippocampus and cortex in ischemic group were significantly increased compared with sham-operated group(P<0.05 or P<0.01, n=6). The contents of glutamate in striatum, hippocampus and cortex were markedly decreased when AG was given at 2, 6 and 12 h after ischemia respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01, n=6). The contents of aspartate in striatum, hippocampus and cortex were markedly decreased when AG was given at 2 and 6 h, and the contents of aspartate in hippocampus and cortex were decreased when AG was given at 12 h after ischemia (P<0.05 or P<0.01, n=6). The contents of GABA in hippocampus and cortex were increased when AG was given at 2 and 6 h, and the contents of GABA in striatum and cortex were increased when AG was given at 12 h after ischemia(P<0.05 or P<0.01, n=6). Thecontents of glycine were increased in striatum, hippocampus and cortex when AG was given at 2 h, the contents of glycine were increased in cortex when AG was given at 6 h, and the contents of glycine in hippocampus and cortex when AG was given at 12 h after ischemia respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01, n=6). CONCLUSION AG has beneficial effect on ischemic cerebral injury. The possible mechanism is that AG can decrease the contents of aspartate and glutamate, increase the contents of glycine and GABA.